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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Phase II Study of the Tolerability and Efficacy of the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Sodium Valproate given in Conjunction with 5-azacytidine and ATRA (all trans retinoic acid ) in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2005-000550-75
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    19 Mar 2014

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    27 Feb 2020
    First version publication date
    27 Feb 2020
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    RG_05-004
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    ISRCTN68418952
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    University of Birmingham
    Sponsor organisation address
    Vincent Dr., Birmingham, United Kingdom, B15 2TT
    Public contact
    Shamyla Siddique, The University of Birmingham , Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2TT, +44 1213714396, s.siddique@bham.ac.uk
    Scientific contact
    Shamyla Siddique, The University of Birmingham , Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2TT, +44 1213714396, s.siddique@bham.ac.uk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 Apr 2014
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    19 Mar 2014
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess the tolerability of four drugs sodium valproate, 5-azacitidine, theophylline and ATRA when administered in combination
    Protection of trial subjects
    The study protocol stipulated a strict entry criteria to ensure it was safe for patients to enrol onto the trial and receive therapy. The trial involved more visits to hospital than would usually be required and also extra blood tests to be performed than in standard clinical care. All patients will benefit from close monitoring during the trial period. As with all medications, treatment with the trial therapy had potential side effects of which all trial staff and patients are fully informed. Close monitoring during the treatment period allowed prevention, detection and treatment of these side effects.
    Background therapy
    The only treatment provided on the study was the trial therapy (single arm trial).
    Evidence for comparator
    N/A
    Actual start date of recruitment
    22 Jun 2006
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 91
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    91
    EEA total number of subjects
    91
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    39
    From 65 to 84 years
    52
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Trial open to recruitment: 22-Jun-2006. First patient registered 10-Jul-2006. Last patient registered 05-Jan-2012

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    N/A: No screening assessments involved. Please refer to protocol for the eligibility criteria

    Pre-assignment period milestones
    Number of subjects started
    91
    Number of subjects completed
    79

    Pre-assignment subject non-completion reasons
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Ineligible: 12
    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Period 1 (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    N/A

    Arms
    Arm title
    Phase II overall period
    Arm description
    Experimental arm
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Sodium valproate
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Sodium valproate was administered using the regime of 200mg three times a day for 4 days, increasing to 500mg twice a day for the next 4 days and escalating to 3000mg daily or the maximal tolerated dose by increments of 500 mg every four days.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    All-trans-retinoic acid
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    ATRA was administered daily at a dose of 45 mg/m2 daily in 2 divided doses separated by more than 8 hours.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Theophylline
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Theophylline was administered daily at a dose of 175mg.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Azacitidine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for solution for injection/skin-prick test
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Azacitidine was administered subcutaneously at a daily dose of 75/mg2 on the first 7 working days of each cycle (i.e., Mon-Fri administration, Sat-Sun rest days, Mon-Tues administration). Each cycle was every 28 days. Patients received therapy for up to 6 cycles. If they were responding to therapy, treatment was continued.

    Number of subjects in period 1 [1]
    Phase II overall period
    Started
    79
    Completed
    16
    Not completed
    63
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    2
         Physician decision
    2
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    19
         Concurrent illness (non-therapy related)
    16
         Lack of efficacy
    24
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: Some of the subjects enrolled to the pre-enrollment period did not reach the baseline period.

    Baseline characteristics

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    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Phase II overall period
    Reporting group description
    Experimental arm

    Primary: Assessment of safety of the four drugs, sodium valproate, 5-azacitidine, theophylline and ATRA when administered in combination

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    End point title
    Assessment of safety of the four drugs, sodium valproate, 5-azacitidine, theophylline and ATRA when administered in combination [1]
    End point description
    Discontinuation of trial medication because of treatment-related toxicities
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From start of treatment until end of treatment schedule, or patient discontinued treatment.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The protocol states that data will be presented in a descriptive fashion
    End point values
    Phase II overall period
    Number of subjects analysed
    79
    Units: Patients
        Discontinued due to treatment-related toxicities
    20
        Did not discontinue due to treatment related toxic
    59
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Haematological response

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    End point title
    Haematological response [2]
    End point description
    Response was assessed using the Cheson Criteria (Appendix 6, 7, 8). This will include evidence of a sustained improvement in neutrophil and platelet count, reduction in peripheral blood and bone marrow blast numbers and reduction in platelet and red cell transfusion requirements (where assessable). CR = Complete remission CRi = Complete resmission with incomplete blood count recovery PR = Partial remission
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Response was assessed by weekly peripheral blood counts for the first cycle and twice monthly or as clinically indicated thereafter, and bone marrow assessment prior to treatment and at the end of cycles 1, 2, 3 and 6 of treatment
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The protocol states that data will be presented in a descriptive fashion
    End point values
    Phase II overall period
    Number of subjects analysed
    79
    Units: Patients
        CR
    8
        CRi
    7
        PR
    11
        Other
    53
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were reported from the start of study drug treatment until 28 days after the last dose or until the start of other anti-cancer therapy – whichever occurs first.
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    CTCAE
    Dictionary version
    3.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Phase II overall period
    Reporting group description
    Experimental arm

    Serious adverse events
    Phase II overall period
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    78 / 79 (98.73%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    73
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Bruising
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Prolonged bleed
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Angina
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Elevated pulse
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Acute coronary syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Cholecystectomy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Collapse
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Confusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tremor and unsteadiness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood transfusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 79 (3.80%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Death - AML
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Progressive disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Generalised weakness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 79 (27.85%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    9 / 22
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tiredness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 79 (7.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Colon carcinoma metastisis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Painful stools
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Soft stool
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Supportive care
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tongue ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Rectal bleed
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Upper GI haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Carcinoma of larynx
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Symptom control
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Lower back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Bilateral pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Chest infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Ear infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Eye infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 79 (25.32%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    18 / 30
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    Fungal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 79 (2.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 79 (21.52%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    14 / 18
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lung infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Neutropenic fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Neutropenic sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 79 (18.99%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    6 / 17
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 5
    Neutropenic septicaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Oesophagitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Otitis media
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia (Influenza)
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Rectal Intersphincteric Fistula
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Shingles
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Swine flu
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Raised calcium levels
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 79 (1.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Phase II overall period
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    77 / 79 (97.47%)
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    50 / 79 (63.29%)
         occurrences all number
    55
    Feeling unwell
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 79 (12.66%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 79 (43.04%)
         occurrences all number
    34
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Rigors
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 79 (13.92%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Sweating
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 79 (12.66%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Weakness
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Weight loss
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Body pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Foot pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 79 (11.39%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Immune system disorders
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 79 (24.05%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 79 (10.13%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Basal crepitations
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 79 (34.18%)
         occurrences all number
    27
    Dyspnea
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 79 (24.05%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    Reduced oxygen saturation
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Wheezing
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 79 (17.72%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Nervous system disorders
    Confusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    21 / 79 (26.58%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 79 (30.38%)
         occurrences all number
    26
    Memory loss
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Mood alteration
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 79 (10.13%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Somnolence
         subjects affected / exposed
    31 / 79 (39.24%)
         occurrences all number
    31
    Speech impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Tremor
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 79 (13.92%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Visual Disturbance
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 79 (34.18%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    49 / 79 (62.03%)
         occurrences all number
    49
    Bruising
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 79 (7.59%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Leukopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    43 / 79 (54.43%)
         occurrences all number
    43
    Lymphopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    47 / 79 (59.49%)
         occurrences all number
    47
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 79 (58.23%)
         occurrences all number
    46
    Ankle oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 79 (15.19%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Leg oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 79 (13.92%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Blocked/fullness in ears
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 79 (7.59%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Deafness
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Anorexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    38 / 79 (48.10%)
         occurrences all number
    40
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 79 (15.19%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 79 (15.19%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    33 / 79 (41.77%)
         occurrences all number
    33
    Haemorrhoids
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 79 (10.13%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Heartburn/Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 79 (13.92%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Mouth ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 79 (12.66%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 79 (58.23%)
         occurrences all number
    46
    Sore mouth
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Sore throat
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 79 (11.39%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Taste alteration
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 79 (18.99%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Thirst
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    36 / 79 (45.57%)
         occurrences all number
    36
    Rectal bleeding
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    21 / 79 (26.58%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    Anus pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Mouth pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Bruising
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Dry lips
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 79 (20.25%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Dry skin
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 79 (20.25%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Injection site reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    66 / 79 (83.54%)
         occurrences all number
    71
    Itching
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 79 (13.92%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 79 (16.46%)
         occurrences all number
    17
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Dysuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Urinary frequency
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 79 (16.46%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Knee pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Leg pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 79 (11.39%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Infections and infestations
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 79 (7.59%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Chest infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 79 (16.46%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 79 (29.11%)
         occurrences all number
    23
    Fungal chest infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Fungal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 79 (10.13%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Neutropenic sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 79 (20.25%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Oral thrush
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    URTI
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 79 (5.06%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Elevated ALP
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 79 (12.66%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Elevated AST
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Elevated creatinine
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Elevated CRP
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 79 (16.46%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Elevated LDH
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 79 (8.86%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Elevated urea
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 79 (17.72%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Hypoalbuminaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 79 (6.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Hypocalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 79 (7.59%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 79 (13.92%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Hyponatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 79 (11.39%)
         occurrences all number
    9

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    14 Aug 2006
    Amendment of the study title to include the word theophylline to read 'Phase II Study of the Tolerability and Efficacy of the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Sodium Valproate given in Conjunction with 5-azacitidine, Theophylline and ATRA (all trans retinoic acid) in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and High Risk Myelodysplasia.' Addition of John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford as a Participating Centre. The Principal Investigator at Leicester Royal Infirmary has changed from that who was on the original COREC application. The correct version of the patient information sheet has been referenced in the consent form. Minor inconsistencies in the both the protocol and patient information sheet have been corrected.
    11 Jan 2007
    The number of patients treated in the study has been increased from 20 to 40 patients. The number of cycles of treatment has also been increased to 6 cycles from 3 cycles. The schedule of events has been amended accordingly and typographical errors to the protocol have been amended. The main changes are a) bone marrow assessments will be performed at screening, at the end of cycle 1, 2, 3 and 6 (5 assessments in total) instead of the 4 assessments done monthly on the current schedule, b) full blood counts are currently done weekly over the 3 cycles of treatment. Following the amendment, we will request a full blood count weekly for the first month and fortnightly thereafter.
    21 Mar 2007
    The first cohort of patients on the trial have received azacitidine at 50mg/m2. The next cohort of patients are to receive 75mg/m2 as per protocol. We are requesting that the first cohort of patients treated on the lower dose of azacitidine are allowed to increase their dose in subsequent cycles to 75mg/m2 at the Chief Investigators discretion. This dose of azacitidine has been documented as safe and therapeutic in published studies.
    07 Jan 2009
    Extension to recruitment to recruit an additional 30 patients to the study. The treatment schedule has been amended with the aim of optimising the clinical impact of the IMPs.
    18 Feb 2009
    Addition of a patient diary that may help patients to record the dose they have been prescribed. Completion of the patient diary is entirely voluntary.
    14 Oct 2009
    Study protocol has been amended to clarify when bone marrow assessments are to be done and where they are to be sent, inclusion criteria has been amended. The end of cycle 2 bone marrow assessment will no longer be done and screening bone marrow may be taken within 14 days of starting the trial treatment. Bone marrow samples will now be forwarded to Oxford for analysis and the protocol has clarified the time points at which bone marrow assessments should be done after the initial 6 cycles of treatment. The protocol has also been amended to define reportable SAEs and the patient information sheet has been amended to inform patients that the consent form will be returned to the Sponsor for external monitoring of the consent process.
    20 Sep 2010
    The trial was extended to recruit an additional 10 patients in order to understand more clearly response rates in patients who have relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. It has also been clarified in the main patient information sheet where patient samples will be sent. The two consent forms have been combined into one form.
    22 Aug 2011
    The storage conditions for 5-Azacitidine (IMP) have changed and the label and protocol have been amended to reflect this. The protocol has also been amended to clarify the definitions of reportable expected serious adverse reactions. In addition, it has been clarified that bone marrow samples may also be sent to the School of Cancer Sciences, Birmingham for evaluation of epigenetic changes in the patients treated with combined therapy. This has also been clarified in the Patient Information Sheet.
    11 Jan 2012
    The 5-Azacitidine used in the above named trial is provided by Ben Venue Laboratories and Celgene Ltd are due to supply clinical trial materials from an alternative manufacturer (Baxter Oncology GmbH, Germany). QP release will still be carried out by Catalent UK Packaging Limited. Almac Clinical Services will also perform QP release for the purpose of this study.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23223186
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