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    Clinical Trial Results:
    An International, Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Two Year Treatment With Teriflunomide 7 mg Once Daily and 14 mg Once Daily Versus Placebo in Patients With a First Clinical Episode Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis Plus a Long Term Extension Period

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2006-001152-12
    Trial protocol
    CZ   DE   FI   FR   AT   HU   DK   EE   SK   BG   LT   GB  
    Global end of trial date
    05 Feb 2016

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    18 Feb 2017
    First version publication date
    18 Feb 2017
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    EFC6260
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT00622700
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    Study name: TOPIC
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Sanofi aventis recherche & développement
    Sponsor organisation address
    1 avenue Pierre Brossolette, Chilly-­Mazarin, France, 91380
    Public contact
    Trial Transparency Team, Sanofi aventis recherche & développement , Contact-US@sanofi.com
    Scientific contact
    Trial Transparency Team, Sanofi aventis recherche & développement , Contact-US@sanofi.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    29 Feb 2016
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    05 Feb 2016
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To demonstrate the effect of teriflunomide (14 mg/day and 7 mg/day) compared with placebo for reducing conversion of patients presenting with their clinical episode consistent with multiple sclerosis (MS) to clinical definite MS (CDMS), as defined by the occurrence of a second clinical relapse meeting specific criteria.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Subjects were fully informed of all pertinent aspects of the clinical trial as well as the possibility to discontinue at any time in language and terms appropriate for the subject and considering the local culture. During the course of the trial, subjects were provided with individual subject cards indicating the nature of the trial the subject was participating, contact details and any information needed in the event of a medical emergency. Collected personal data and human biological samples were processed in compliance with the Sanofi-Aventis Group Personal Data Protection Charter ensuring that the Group abides by the laws governing personal data protection in force in all countries in which it operates.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    13 Feb 2008
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 37
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Romania: 6
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Austria: 17
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czech Republic: 58
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 6
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Estonia: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Finland: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 93
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 37
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 18
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Lithuania: 18
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 42
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 19
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Chile: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 32
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Turkey: 40
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Ukraine: 105
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 40
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 26
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    618
    EEA total number of subjects
    338
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    618
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    A total of 846 subjects were screened, of which 618 randomized in core treatment period. Out of 618, 423 subjects entered extension treatment period. End date of core treatment period was 17 December 2012 (maximum treatment duration: 120 weeks).End date of extension treatment period was 05 February 2016 (maximum treatment duration: 283 weeks).

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Subjects were randomized in 1:1:1 ratio to teriflunomide 7 mg, 14 mg or placebo in core treatment period. Those completing core period, given opportunity to enter long-term extension period (subjects originally given placebo re-randomized [1:1] to teriflunomide 7 mg/14 mg; those originally given 7 mg, 14 mg continued with the same fixed dose).

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Core Treatment Period
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Placebo matched to teriflunomide once daily.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Placebo (for Teriflunomide) once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Arm title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Arm description
    Teriflunomide 7 mg once daily.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Teriflunomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    HMR1726
    Other name
    Aubagio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Teriflunomide once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Arm title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Arm description
    Teriflunomide 14 mg once daily.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Teriflunomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    HMR1726
    Other name
    Aubagio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Teriflunomide once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Started
    197
    205
    216
    Completed
    141
    150
    163
    Not completed
    56
    55
    53
         Other than specified above
    2
    2
    5
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    12
    18
    15
         Adverse Event
    18
    25
    18
         Death
    1
    -
    -
         Progressive Disease
    3
    1
    -
         Lost to follow-up
    1
    1
    1
         Randomized but Not Treated
    -
    2
    2
         Lack of efficacy
    19
    6
    12
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Extension Treatment Period
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Arm description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Teriflunomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    HMR1726
    Other name
    Aubagio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Teriflunomide once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Arm title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg
    Arm description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Teriflunomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    HMR1726
    Other name
    Aubagio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Teriflunomide once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Arm title
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Arm description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Teriflunomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    HMR1726
    Other name
    Aubagio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Teriflunomide once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Arm title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Arm description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Teriflunomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    HMR1726
    Other name
    Aubagio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Teriflunomide once daily in the morning of each day of the treatment period, with or without food.

    Number of subjects in period 2 [1]
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Started
    64
    142
    67
    150
    Completed
    43
    103
    50
    120
    Not completed
    21
    39
    17
    30
         Other than specified above
    -
    -
    1
    1
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    11
    16
    6
    10
         Adverse Event
    5
    9
    6
    8
         Progressive Disease
    1
    2
    -
    2
         Lost to follow-up
    -
    1
    -
    -
         Missing
    2
    3
    1
    -
         Lack of efficacy
    2
    8
    1
    9
         Protocol deviation
    -
    -
    2
    -
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
    Justification: Subjects in “Placebo” arm (core treatment period) were re-randomized in 1:1 ratio to either teriflunomide 7 mg or 14 mg treatment arm in extension treatment period. 10, 8 and 13 subjects in “placebo, teriflunomide 7 mg and teriflunomide 14 mg” arms respectively completed core treatment period but did not enter in extension treatment period.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo matched to teriflunomide once daily.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Teriflunomide 7 mg once daily.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Teriflunomide 14 mg once daily.

    Reporting group values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg Total
    Number of subjects
    197 205 216 618
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Randomized population: all randomized participants according to the treatment group to which they were assigned in the core treatment period.
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    32 ( 8.4 ) 31.6 ( 9 ) 32.8 ( 8.1 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    135 130 154 419
        Male
    62 75 62 199
    Region
    Units: Subjects
        Eastern Europe
    94 96 101 291
        Western Europe
    76 74 74 224
        Americas and Australia
    27 35 41 103
    Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) Score
    EDSS is an ordinal scale in half-point increments that qualifies disability in participants with MS. It consists of 8 ordinal rating scales assessing seven functional systems (visual, brainstem, pyramidal, cerebellar, sensory, bowel/bladder and cerebral) as well as ambulation. EDSS total score ranges from 0 (normal neurological examination) to 10 (death due to MS).
    Units: Units on a scale
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.71 ( 1 ) 1.5 ( 1.02 ) 1.8 ( 0.97 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo matched to teriflunomide once daily.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Teriflunomide 7 mg once daily.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Teriflunomide 14 mg once daily.
    Reporting group title
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Subject analysis set title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg/ 7mg
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Subject analysis set title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Core treatement period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Primary: Core Treatment Period: Time to Conversion to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS)

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Time to Conversion to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS)
    End point description
    Conversion to CDMS was defined by the occurrence of a relapse, which was defined as a new neurological abnormality separated by at least 30 days from onset of a preceding clinical event, presented for at least 24 hours and occurred in the absence of fever or known infection. Percent probability of conversion at 24, 48, and 108 weeks was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Intent-to-treat (ITT) population included all randomized subjects who had at least 1 day study medication exposure. Subjects were analyzed in the treatment group to which they were randomized.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Up to a maximum of 108 weeks depending on time of enrollment
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    197
    203
    214
    Units: percent probability
    number (confidence interval 95%)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 24 weeks
    14.3 (9.2 to 19.4)
    8.7 (4.6 to 12.8)
    9 (5 to 13)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 48 weeks
    26 (19.2 to 32.8)
    14.2 (8.9 to 19.6)
    13.7 (8.6 to 18.7)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 108 weeks
    35.9 (27.8 to 43.9)
    27.6 (19.9 to 35.4)
    24 (17 to 31)
    Statistical analysis title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg vs. Placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    A step-down hierarchical testing procedure, starting with the test of teriflunomide 14 mg versus placebo was used. Time to conversion to CDMS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model with treatment, region, and baseline monofocal/multifocal status as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Teriflunomide 14 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    411
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.0087 [1]
    Method
    Wald chi-squared
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.574
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.379
         upper limit
    0.869
    Notes
    [1] - P-value was derived using Wald chi-squared test in the Cox proportional hazard model.
    Statistical analysis title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg vs. Placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    A step-down hierarchical testing procedure was used. The second step was the test of teriflunomide 7 mg versus placebo for time to conversion to CDMS. Time to conversion to CDMS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model with treatment, region, and baseline monofocal/multifocal status as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Teriflunomide 7 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    400
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.0271 [2]
    Method
    Wald chi-squared
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.628
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.416
         upper limit
    0.949
    Notes
    [2] - P-value was derived using Wald chi-squared test in the Cox proportional hazard model.

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Time to Conversion to Definite Multiple Sclerosis (DMS)

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Time to Conversion to Definite Multiple Sclerosis (DMS)
    End point description
    Conversion to DMS was demonstrated by dissemination of MRI lesions in time (as per McDonald criteria) or a relapse, whichever occurs first. MRI Imaging criteria were detection of Gadolinium (Gd) enhancement at least 3 months after onset of initial clinical event, if not at site corresponding to initial event; detection of new T2 lesion if it appears at any time compared with reference scan (done at time of screening) done at least 30 days after onset of initial clinical event. Occurrence of relapse defined as new neurological abnormality separated by at least 30 days from onset of preceding clinical event, present for at least 24 hours & occurring in absence of fever or known infection. New clinical abnormality (neurological sign) that was consistent with subject’s symptoms with increase in at least one Functional System (FS) or EDSS score compared to last EDSS assessment. Percent probability of conversion at 24, 48 & 108 weeks was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. ITT population.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to a maximum of 108 weeks depending on time of enrollment
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    197
    203
    214
    Units: percent probability
    number (confidence interval 95%)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 24 weeks
    58.2 (51 to 65.4)
    45.7 (38.5 to 52.9)
    46 (39 to 53)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 48 weeks
    72.4 (65.7 to 79.1)
    57.3 (49.8 to 64.7)
    57.8 (50.6 to 64.9)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 108 weeks
    87 (81.2 to 92.7)
    73.3 (66 to 80.7)
    71.5 (64.5 to 78.4)
    Statistical analysis title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg vs. Placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    A step-down hierarchical testing procedure was used. The third step was the test of teriflunomide 14 mg versus placebo for time to conversion to DMS. This was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model with treatment, region, and baseline monofocal/multifocal status as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Teriflunomide 14 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    411
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.0003 [3]
    Method
    Wald chi-squared
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.651
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.515
         upper limit
    0.822
    Notes
    [3] - P-value was derived using Wald chi-squared test in the Cox proportional hazard model.
    Statistical analysis title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg vs. Placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    A step-down hierarchical testing procedure was used. The fourth step was the test of teriflunomide 7 mg versus placebo for time to conversion to DMS. This was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model with treatment, region, and baseline monofocal/multifocal status as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    400
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.002 [4]
    Method
    Wald chi-squared
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.686
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.54
         upper limit
    0.871
    Notes
    [4] - P-value was derived using Wald chi-squared test in the Cox proportional hazard model.

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR)

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR)
    End point description
    ARR was total number of confirmed relapses that occurred during the treatment period divided by the total number of subject-years treated. Each episode of relapse (appearance, or worsening of a clinical symptom that was stable for at least 30 days, that persisted for a minimum of 24 hours in the absence of fever) was to be confirmed by an increase in EDSS score or Functional System scores. ARR was assessed using Poisson regression model with robust error variance. To account for the different treatment durations among subjects, a Poisson regression model with robust error variance was used (total number of confirmed relapses onset between randomization date and last dose date as the response variable, treatment, region and baseline monofocal/multifocal status as covariates, and log-transformed treatment duration as an offset variable). ITT population.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to a maximum of 108 weeks depending on time of enrollment
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    197
    203
    214
    Units: relapses per subject year
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    0.284 (0.214 to 0.378)
    0.19 (0.139 to 0.26)
    0.194 (0.143 to 0.263)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Assessment: Change From Baseline in Total Lesion Volume at Week 108

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Assessment: Change From Baseline in Total Lesion Volume at Week 108
    End point description
    The total lesion volume (burden of disease) was the total volumes of hyperintense on T2 plus hypointense on T1 as measured by MRI scan. Least-square means were estimated using a Mixed-effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) on cubic root transformed volume data with factors for treatment, baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, cubic root transformed baseline burden of disease, and baseline-by-visit interaction. ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 108
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    68
    75
    99
    Units: milliliter
        least squares mean (standard error)
    0.053 ( 0.033 )
    0.041 ( 0.032 )
    -0.038 ( 0.029 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Number of Gadolinium Enhancing (Gd-enhancing) T1-lesions Per MRI Scan (Poisson Regression Estimates)

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Number of Gadolinium Enhancing (Gd-enhancing) T1-lesions Per MRI Scan (Poisson Regression Estimates)
    End point description
    Number of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions per scan was the total number of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions that occurred during the treatment period divided by the total number of scans performed during the treatment period. To account for the different numbers of scans performed among the subjects, a Poisson regression model with robust error variance was used (total number of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions as response variable, treatment, baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region and baseline number of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions as covariates, and log-transformed number of scans as an offset variable). ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to a maximum of 108 weeks depending on time of enrollment
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    109
    84
    74
    Units: lesions per scan
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    0.953 (0.708 to 1.284)
    0.749 (0.433 to 1.294)
    0.395 (0.262 to 0.598)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Volume of Gadolinium Enhancing (Gd-enhancing) T1-lesions Per MRI Scan

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Volume of Gadolinium Enhancing (Gd-enhancing) T1-lesions Per MRI Scan
    End point description
    Total volume of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions per scan was the sum of the volumes of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions observed during the treatment period divided by the total number of scans performed during the treatment period. To account for the different numbers of scans performed among the subjects, a Poisson regression model with robust error variance was used (total number of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions as response variable, treatment, baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region and baseline number of Gd-enhancing T1-lesions as covariates, and log-transformed number of scans as an offset variable). ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to a maximum of 108 weeks depending on time of enrollment
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    109
    84
    74
    Units: milliliters per scan
        number (not applicable)
    0.079
    0.058
    0.034
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Change From Baseline in Volume of Hypointense Post-Gadolinium T1 Lesion Component

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Change From Baseline in Volume of Hypointense Post-Gadolinium T1 Lesion Component
    End point description
    Volume of hypointense post-gadolinium T1 lesion component was measured by MRI scan. Least-square means were estimated using a Mixed-effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) on cubic root transformed volume data adjusted for baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, cubic root transformed baseline value, and baseline-by-visit interaction. ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 108
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    68
    75
    99
    Units: milliliter
        least squares mean (standard error)
    0.028 ( 0.018 )
    0.025 ( 0.018 )
    -0.033 ( 0.016 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Change From Baseline in Volume of T2 Lesion Component

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Change From Baseline in Volume of T2 Lesion Component
    End point description
    Volume of T2 lesion component was measured by MRI scan. Least-square means were estimated using a Mixed-effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) on cubic root transformed volume data adjusted for baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, cubic root transformed baseline value, and baseline-by-visit interaction. ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 108
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    68
    75
    99
    Units: milliliter
        least squares mean (standard error)
    0.052 ( 0.033 )
    0.036 ( 0.032 )
    -0.035 ( 0.029 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Percent Change From Baseline in Atrophy

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Brain MRI Assessment: Percent Change From Baseline in Atrophy
    End point description
    Atrophy was measured by MRI scan. ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 108
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    68
    75
    99
    Units: percent change
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -0.386 ( 1.326 )
    -0.197 ( 1.218 )
    -0.366 ( 1.151 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Time to 12-Week Sustained Disability Progression

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Time to 12-Week Sustained Disability Progression
    End point description
    The 12-week sustained disability progression was defined as increase from baseline of at least 1-point in EDSS score (at least 0.5-point for subjects with baseline EDSS score of greater than [>] 5.5) that persisted for at least 12 weeks. Percent probability of subjects free of 12-week sustained disability progression at 24, 48, and 108 weeks was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. ITT population.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to a maximum of 108 weeks depending on time of enrollment
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    197
    203
    214
    Units: percent probability
    number (confidence interval 95%)
        Percent Probability at 24 weeks
    96 (93 to 98.9)
    94.3 (90.9 to 97.8)
    97.9 (95.9 to 99.9)
        Percent Probability at 48 weeks
    91.7 (87.3 to 96.1)
    90.1 (85.4 to 94.7)
    93.9 (90.2 to 97.6)
        Percent Probability at 108 weeks
    85.5 (79.2 to 91.8)
    86.5 (80.8 to 92.1)
    89.2 (84.1 to 94.3)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Change From Baseline in EDSS at Week 108

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Change From Baseline in EDSS at Week 108
    End point description
    EDSS was an ordinal scale in half-point increments that qualifies disability in subjects with MS. It consisted of 8 ordinal rating scales assessing seven functional systems (visual, brainstem, pyramidal, cerebellar, sensory, bowel/bladder and cerebral) as well as ambulation. EDSS total score ranges from 0 (normal neurological examination) to 10 (death due to MS). Least-square means were estimated using a Mixed-effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) on cubic root transformed volume data adjusted for baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, baseline value and baseline-by-visit interaction. ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 108
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    80
    82
    102
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    0.069 ( 0.087 )
    -0.191 ( 0.086 )
    -0.166 ( 0.08 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Change From Baseline in Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) Total Score at Week 108

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Change From Baseline in Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) Total Score at Week 108
    End point description
    FIS is a subject-reported scale that qualifies the impact of fatigue on daily life in subjects with MS. It consists of 40 statements that measure fatigue in three areas; physical, cognitive, and social. FIS total score ranges from 0 (no problem) to 160 (extreme problem). Least-square means were estimated using a Mixed-effect model with repeated measures [MMRM] on FIS total score data adjusted for or baseline monofocal/multifocal status, region, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, baseline value and baseline-by-visit interaction. ITT population, but including only subjects who had post-baseline data.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 108
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    84
    95
    106
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -2.537 ( 2.794 )
    -2.524 ( 2.71 )
    -1.827 ( 2.551 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Overview of Adverse Events (AEs)

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Overview of Adverse Events (AEs) [5]
    End point description
    AEs are any unfavorable and unintended sign, symptom, syndrome, or illness observed by the investigator or reported by the subject during the study. Safety population included all randomized subjects exposed to study medication; analyzed according to drug actually received. In Placebo arm, 4 received teriflunomide 7 mg and 2 received teriflunomide 14 mg, hence they were included in respective teriflunomide arm. Subjects who were randomized but not treated were excluded (2 in each teriflunomide arm).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From first study drug intake up to 112 days after last intake in the placebo-controlled period or up to first intake in the extension treatment period, whichever occurred first
    Notes
    [5] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period.
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    191
    216
    207
    Units: subjects
    number (not applicable)
        Any AE
    155
    183
    161
        Any serious AE
    18
    24
    18
        Any AE leading to death
    1
    0
    0
        Any AE leading to treatment discontinuation
    19
    18
    25
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Extension Treatment Period: Time to Conversion to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS)

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    End point title
    Extension Treatment Period: Time to Conversion to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS)
    End point description
    Conversion to CDMS was defined by the occurrence of a relapse, which was defined as a new neurological abnormality separated by at least 30 days from onset of a preceding clinical event, presented for at least 24 hours and occurred in the absence of fever or known infection. Percent probability of conversion was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. ITT Population: all randomized subjects in the extension who had at least 1 day IMP exposure. Subjects were analyzed according to the treatment group allocated by the randomization in the core study followed by the re-randomized treatment group during the extension period.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From randomization in the core period up to 390 Weeks (Extension treatment period [maximum exposure: 283 Weeks])
    End point values
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    64
    142
    67
    150
    Units: Percent probability
    number (confidence interval 95%)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 24 Weeks
    4.7 (0 to 9.9)
    3.5 (0.5 to 6.6)
    13.5 (5.3 to 21.6)
    4.7 (1.3 to 8)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 48 Weeks
    12.5 (4.4 to 20.6)
    9.9 (5 to 14.8)
    21.2 (11.3 to 31)
    8.7 (4.2 to 13.3)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 72 Weeks
    15.7 (6.8 to 24.6)
    17.1 (10.9 to 23.4)
    24.3 (13.9 to 34.6)
    14.8 (9.1 to 20.6)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 96 Weeks
    18.9 (9.3 to 28.6)
    23.9 (16.7 to 31)
    27.4 (16.6 to 38.2)
    16.2 (10.3 to 22.1)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 120 Weeks
    22.3 (12 to 32.7)
    27.7 (20.2 to 35.2)
    32.2 (20.8 to 43.6)
    18.3 (12.1 to 24.6)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 144 Weeks
    22.3 (12 to 32.7)
    29.4 (21.7 to 37.1)
    33.9 (22.3 to 45.4)
    22 (15.3 to 28.8)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 168 Weeks
    22.3 (12 to 32.7)
    32.2 (24.2 to 40.3)
    33.9 (22.3 to 45.4)
    22.8 (16 to 29.7)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 192 Weeks
    22.3 (12 to 32.7)
    37.5 (28.6 to 46.4)
    35.9 (24 to 47.8)
    24.8 (17.6 to 32)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 216 Weeks
    25.6 (13.9 to 37.3)
    38.9 (29.8 to 48.1)
    39.3 (26.3 to 52.3)
    24.8 (17.6 to 32)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 240 Weeks
    29.5 (16.1 to 42.9)
    40.8 (31.3 to 50.4)
    39.3 (26.3 to 52.3)
    26.3 (18.7 to 34)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 264 Weeks
    29.5 (16.1 to 42.9)
    43 (32.9 to 53.2)
    39.3 (26.3 to 52.3)
    26.3 (18.7 to 34)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 288 Weeks
    29.5 (16.1 to 42.9)
    43 (32.9 to 53.2)
    39.3 (26.3 to 52.3)
    26.3 (18.7 to 34)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 312 Weeks
    29.5 (16.1 to 42.9)
    43 (32.9 to 53.2)
    49.4 (28.3 to 70.5)
    26.3 (18.7 to 34)
        Percent Probability of Conversion at 336 Weeks
    29.5 (16.1 to 42.9)
    48.7 (34.7 to 62.7)
    49.4 (28.3 to 70.5)
    26.3 (18.7 to 34)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Extension Treatment Period: Overview of Adverse Events (AEs)

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    End point title
    Extension Treatment Period: Overview of Adverse Events (AEs)
    End point description
    AEs are any unfavorable and unintended sign, symptom, syndrome, or illness observed by the investigator or reported by the subject during the study. Safety population that consisted of all the randomized population who actually received at least 1 dose of the IMP in the extension and analyzed according to the treatment actually received in the core study followed by the treatment actually received in the extension treatment period. In Placebo/teriflunomide 7mg arm, 2 received 7mg in the core period; In Placebo/teriflunomide 14mg, 1 received 7mg in the core period, hence, they were included in the 7mg/7mg arm as received in the core period for consistency.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From re-randomization up to 283 weeks
    End point values
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg/ 7mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    62
    66
    150
    145
    Units: Subjects
    number (not applicable)
        Any AE
    47
    57
    120
    110
        Any Serious AE
    8
    8
    24
    17
        Any AE Leading to Death
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Any AE leading to Permanent Discontinuation
    5
    5
    7
    8
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Core Treatment Period: Liver Function: Number of Subjects With Potentially Clinically Significant Abnormalities (PCSA)

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    End point title
    Core Treatment Period: Liver Function: Number of Subjects With Potentially Clinically Significant Abnormalities (PCSA) [6]
    End point description
    PCSA values are abnormal values considered medically important by the Sponsor according to predefined criteria based on literature review. Hepatic parameters thresholds were defined as follows: •Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) >3, 5, 10 or 20 upper limit of normal(ULN); •Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >3, 5, 10 or 20 ULN; •Alkaline Phosphatase >1.5 ULN; •Total Bilirubin (TB) >1.5, 2, or 3 ULN; Safety population as described in Outcome Measure 13. Here ‘n’ signifies the number of subjects for the treatment group who had that parameter assessed at post-baseline. • ALT >3 ULN and TB >2 ULN. Safety population as described in Outcome Measure 13. Here, ‘n’ signifies the number of subjects for the treatment group who had that parameter assessed at post-baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From first study drug intake up to 112 days after last intake in the placebo-controlled period or up to first intake in the extension treatment period, whichever occurred first
    Notes
    [6] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period.
    End point values
    Placebo Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    191
    216
    207
    Units: Subjects
    number (not applicable)
        ALT >3 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    18
    26
    25
        ALT >5 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    12
    11
    10
        ALT >10 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    5
    3
    1
        ALT >20 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    0
    1
    0
        AST >3 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    9
    10
    12
        AST >5 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    1
    6
    4
        AST >10 ULN (n=190, 207, 216
    1
    1
    0
        AST >20 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    0
    1
    0
        Alkaline Phosphatase >1.5 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    0
    1
    0
        TB >1.5 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    14
    8
    9
        TB >2 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    8
    3
    0
        TB >3 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    0
    1
    0
        ALT >3 ULN and TB >2 ULN (n=190, 207, 216)
    2
    2
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    All AEs were collected from signature of informed consent form upto final visit (upto 390 weeks [maximum exposure in core period:120 weeks & maximum exposure in extension period:283 weeks])regardless of seriousness/relationship to investigational product.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Reported AEs are treatment-emergent AEs developed/worsened during ‘on treatment period’ (time from first dose of study drug upto 112 days after last intake in core treatment period [or upto 1st intake in extension period,whichever occurred first] or 28 days after last intake in extension treatment period). Safety population (described in OM #15).
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    18.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 7 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Placebo matched to teriflunomide tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Reporting group title
    Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Reporting group description
    Core treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally. Extension treatment period: Teriflunomide 14 mg tablet once daily orally.

    Serious adverse events
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 191 (9.42%)
    18 / 207 (8.70%)
    24 / 216 (11.11%)
    8 / 62 (12.90%)
    17 / 145 (11.72%)
    8 / 66 (12.12%)
    24 / 150 (16.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Cervix Carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Uterine Leiomyoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 191 (1.05%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Breast Cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Liposarcoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Meningioma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Spinal Meningioma Benign
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Thyroid Cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Circulatory Collapse
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Orthostatic Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Deep Vein Thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions
    Abortion Spontaneous
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abortion Threatened
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pregnancy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    2 / 216 (0.93%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Cervical Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endometrial Hyperplasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fallopian Tube Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Menorrhagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ovarian Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Testicular Torsion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Uterine Haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Nasal Septum Deviation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Adjustment Disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Completed Suicide
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric Decompensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Suicide Attempt
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Amylase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    2 / 150 (1.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood Creatine Phosphokinase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    2 / 150 (1.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Aspartate Aminotransferase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lipase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    2 / 216 (0.93%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Transaminases Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Alanine Aminotransferase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 191 (1.57%)
    5 / 207 (2.42%)
    4 / 216 (1.85%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
    5 / 5
    2 / 4
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Weight Decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Facial Bones Fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper Limb Fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ankle Fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Craniocerebral Injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Foot Fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intentional Overdose
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ligament Sprain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Overdose
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tibia Fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    2 / 145 (1.38%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Wound Dehiscence
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Supraventricular Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Radicular Syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Axonal Neuropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Loss Of Consciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Speech Disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Iron Deficiency Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lymphadenitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 191 (1.05%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    2 / 145 (1.38%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 2
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vertigo
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Conjunctivitis Allergic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Chronic Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Duodenitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dental Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroduodenal Ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Inguinal Hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis Acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peptic Ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Radicular Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholelithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis Acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatocellular Injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Diffuse Alopecia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Erythema Nodosum
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Goitre
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Intervertebral Disc Protrusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Synovial Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intervertebral Disc Disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteochondrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rheumatoid Arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Abdominal Wall Abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dengue Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal Abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    2 / 216 (0.93%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis Perforated
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridium Difficile Colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Genital Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infectious Mononucleosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pilonidal Cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyelonephritis Acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectal Abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    0 / 216 (0.00%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 191 (0.00%)
    0 / 207 (0.00%)
    1 / 216 (0.46%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    0 / 145 (0.00%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Placebo Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 7 mg Teriflunomide 7 mg/7 mg Placebo/Teriflunomide 14 mg Teriflunomide 14 mg/14 mg
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    117 / 191 (61.26%)
    129 / 207 (62.32%)
    135 / 216 (62.50%)
    33 / 62 (53.23%)
    66 / 145 (45.52%)
    38 / 66 (57.58%)
    70 / 150 (46.67%)
    Investigations
    Alanine Aminotransferase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    28 / 191 (14.66%)
    32 / 207 (15.46%)
    35 / 216 (16.20%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    5 / 145 (3.45%)
    6 / 66 (9.09%)
    3 / 150 (2.00%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    32
    35
    0
    5
    6
    3
    Blood Creatine Phosphokinase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 191 (0.52%)
    9 / 207 (4.35%)
    5 / 216 (2.31%)
    4 / 62 (6.45%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    2 / 150 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    9
    5
    4
    1
    1
    2
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 191 (1.05%)
    5 / 207 (2.42%)
    12 / 216 (5.56%)
    3 / 62 (4.84%)
    4 / 145 (2.76%)
    0 / 66 (0.00%)
    5 / 150 (3.33%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    5
    12
    3
    4
    0
    5
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 191 (13.09%)
    31 / 207 (14.98%)
    30 / 216 (13.89%)
    4 / 62 (6.45%)
    8 / 145 (5.52%)
    8 / 66 (12.12%)
    6 / 150 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    31
    30
    4
    8
    8
    6
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 191 (3.66%)
    7 / 207 (3.38%)
    11 / 216 (5.09%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    4 / 145 (2.76%)
    2 / 66 (3.03%)
    4 / 150 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    7
    11
    1
    4
    2
    4
    Paraesthesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 191 (4.71%)
    11 / 207 (5.31%)
    22 / 216 (10.19%)
    3 / 62 (4.84%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    3 / 66 (4.55%)
    4 / 150 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    11
    22
    3
    1
    3
    4
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 191 (7.33%)
    10 / 207 (4.83%)
    9 / 216 (4.17%)
    2 / 62 (3.23%)
    3 / 145 (2.07%)
    4 / 66 (6.06%)
    3 / 150 (2.00%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    10
    9
    2
    3
    4
    3
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 191 (6.28%)
    22 / 207 (10.63%)
    15 / 216 (6.94%)
    4 / 62 (6.45%)
    9 / 145 (6.21%)
    4 / 66 (6.06%)
    14 / 150 (9.33%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    22
    15
    4
    9
    4
    14
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 191 (4.71%)
    11 / 207 (5.31%)
    9 / 216 (4.17%)
    2 / 62 (3.23%)
    7 / 145 (4.83%)
    1 / 66 (1.52%)
    9 / 150 (6.00%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    11
    9
    2
    7
    1
    9
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Oropharyngeal Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 191 (4.19%)
    11 / 207 (5.31%)
    2 / 216 (0.93%)
    0 / 62 (0.00%)
    1 / 145 (0.69%)
    2 / 66 (3.03%)
    0 / 150 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    11
    2
    0
    1
    2
    0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Alopecia
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 191 (7.85%)
    12 / 207 (5.80%)
    25 / 216 (11.57%)
    2 / 62 (3.23%)
    3 / 145 (2.07%)
    7 / 66 (10.61%)
    5 / 150 (3.33%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    12
    25
    2
    3
    7
    5
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 191 (5.76%)
    8 / 207 (3.86%)
    8 / 216 (3.70%)
    2 / 62 (3.23%)
    4 / 145 (2.76%)
    3 / 66 (4.55%)
    1 / 150 (0.67%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    8
    8
    2
    4
    3
    1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 191 (3.66%)
    14 / 207 (6.76%)
    8 / 216 (3.70%)
    4 / 62 (6.45%)
    5 / 145 (3.45%)
    4 / 66 (6.06%)
    10 / 150 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    14
    8
    4
    5
    4
    10
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 191 (3.14%)
    13 / 207 (6.28%)
    7 / 216 (3.24%)
    1 / 62 (1.61%)
    4 / 145 (2.76%)
    2 / 66 (3.03%)
    4 / 150 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    13
    7
    1
    4
    2
    4
    Infections and infestations
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    29 / 191 (15.18%)
    24 / 207 (11.59%)
    35 / 216 (16.20%)
    9 / 62 (14.52%)
    14 / 145 (9.66%)
    9 / 66 (13.64%)
    15 / 150 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    24
    35
    9
    14
    9
    15
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 191 (2.62%)
    9 / 207 (4.35%)
    8 / 216 (3.70%)
    4 / 62 (6.45%)
    7 / 145 (4.83%)
    2 / 66 (3.03%)
    8 / 150 (5.33%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    9
    8
    4
    7
    2
    8
    Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 191 (4.71%)
    7 / 207 (3.38%)
    6 / 216 (2.78%)
    6 / 62 (9.68%)
    4 / 145 (2.76%)
    4 / 66 (6.06%)
    6 / 150 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    7
    6
    6
    4
    4
    6
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 191 (4.71%)
    8 / 207 (3.86%)
    16 / 216 (7.41%)
    3 / 62 (4.84%)
    5 / 145 (3.45%)
    5 / 66 (7.58%)
    4 / 150 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    8
    16
    3
    5
    5
    4
    Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 191 (7.33%)
    23 / 207 (11.11%)
    20 / 216 (9.26%)
    2 / 62 (3.23%)
    5 / 145 (3.45%)
    2 / 66 (3.03%)
    4 / 150 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    23
    20
    2
    5
    2
    4
    Urinary Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 191 (5.24%)
    10 / 207 (4.83%)
    20 / 216 (9.26%)
    3 / 62 (4.84%)
    5 / 145 (3.45%)
    5 / 66 (7.58%)
    4 / 150 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    10
    20
    3
    5
    5
    4

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    17 Dec 2007
    Following changes were made: -Clarified that all subjects must sign HIV consent form, that the results of HIV testing must be available prior to randomization, and that subjects who were HIV positive were excluded from participating in teriflunomide clinical trials. -Changed the time between the occurrence of a progression in disability and the minimum time to confirm from 12 weeks to 24 weeks to reflect regulatory agency guidance that had been updated.
    08 Aug 2008
    -Added that annual HIV testing was performed during treatment and that subjects were instructed to inform the treating physician of any symptoms or events that could be suggestive of immunodeficiency. If found to be HIV positive during the course of the study treatment, the subject must be removed from treatment and undergo washout procedures. -Clarified that symptoms related to MS relapses would be collected as efficacy measures, and that MS relapses were excluded from the definition of AE/serious AE (SAE).
    01 Jul 2009
    -Added optional pharmacogenomic teriflunomide testing with aims at assessing the association between the main enzyme systems of teriflunomide metabolism and hepatic safety, and other potential associations between gene variations and clinical outcomes. -Clarified for handling of screen failure subjects.
    07 Oct 2009
    -Added that all subjects from a site with health authority approval and Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee approval for genotyping who had been randomized into the study would also be asked to participate in the genotyping, on an optional basis.
    23 Feb 2010
    -Added details and processes for the extension period of the study. -Modified TEAE definition to be AEs that developed or worsened during the time from first dose of study medication in the placebo-controlled period up to the end of the 112th day after the last dose of study medication in the placebo-controlled period or the date of first dose of study medication in the extension period, whichever was earlier.
    24 May 2011
    -In the inclusion criteria, changed the onset of MS symptoms before randomization to 90 days. -Added to offer the study extension to subjects with at least 24 weeks of treatment after conversion to CDMS. -Decreased the frequency of abdominal ultrasound to one at screening and decreased the frequency of laboratory safety monitoring from every 2 weeks to every 4 weeks during the first 24 weeks of study then every 6 weeks until 48 weeks and every 12 weeks after 48 weeks until end of treatment. -Modified pharmacokinetics (PK) sampling to be at baseline, Week 36, end of treatment visit, and 2 and 4 weeks post-washout visits. -Shortened the washout period from 16 weeks to 4 weeks. -To be in alignment with the other Phase 3 pivotal trial (EFC6049 [NCT00134563]), change the confirmation of disability progression at 12 weeks instead of 24 weeks as the key secondary efficacy endpoint. The sustained disability progression for at least 24 weeks was defined and used as a supportive analysis. -Added proportion of disability-free subjects as assessed by the EDSS following 2 years of placebo-controlled period, and time to disability was changed from 24 weeks to 12 weeks.
    23 Aug 2012
    -The screening of subjects for the study was stopped on 23 Aug 2012. All subjects were to finish the core study and to perform the rollover to the extension part of the study by 30 November 2012. -Following sponsor’s decision to stop the placebo-controlled period of the study, the number of subjects was reduced to approximately 600.
    12 Dec 2012
    -For subjects who had completed a minimum of 18 months/72 weeks in the extension, the study visits occurred every 24 weeks and included the followings: adverse event reporting, vital signs, physical examination, dispense study drugs, accountability/compliance, concomitant medications, EDSS/FS. In addition, all centralized activities were suspended. -In addition, it addressed the following changes: updated on the PK handling procedure and sampling time; new information regarding potential drug interactions; updated on the investigational product kit dispensation. -This amendment clarified that at the end of the study (EOS), for subjects continuing on marketed teriflunomide by getting the commercial form, no elimination/washout procedure was required, and the last visit after study treatment was the last study visit (with no need of additional follow-up).
    27 Nov 2013
    -Clarified that FIS and Short Form generic health survey (36 items) (SF-36) were no longer be collected in the extension study. -Updated and clarified clinical laboratory collection, including final local laboratory assessment during extension end of treatment visit. -Allowed unblinding of subjects who were transition to commercial Aubagio at the end of the study. -Dosage reduction of activated charcoal for accelerated elimination procedure (reduced from 50 g 4 times daily for 11 days to 50g twice daily for 11 days). -A Phase I study (TES10852) had demonstrated that reduced dosage of activated charcoal, 50 g twice daily was better tolerated than 50 g 4 times daily and achieved about 98% decrease of the concentration of teriflunomide after 11 days.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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