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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Restoring Dystrophin Expression in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Phase I/II Clinical Trial Using AVI-4658

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2006-003833-33
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    31 Mar 2009

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    18 Dec 2019
    First version publication date
    18 Dec 2019
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CRO490
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT00159250
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Imperial College London
    Sponsor organisation address
    South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom, SW7 2AZ
    Public contact
    Francesco Muntoni , Imperial College London, f.muntoni@ucl.ac.uk
    Scientific contact
    Francesco Muntoni , Imperial College London, f.muntoni@ucl.ac.uk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    05 Apr 2010
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    31 Mar 2009
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    31 Mar 2009
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single intramuscular (IM) dose of AVI-4658, a phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomer (PMO) at increasing dosages compared to placebo in up to 9 DMD subjects divided into three groups.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Standard-of-care treatment, including glucocorticoids and cardioprotective drugs, was continued in all patients.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    26 Oct 2007
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 7
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    7
    EEA total number of subjects
    7
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    7
    Adults (18-64 years)
    0
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    This single-site, non-randomised, single-blind (investigator) study was done at Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK, in patients with DMD who were recruited nationally.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Participants were boys with a classic clinical diagnosis of DMD26 who were aged between 10 and 17 years inclusive when the study drug was given.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatments (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Single blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Low dose AVI-4658
    Arm description
    Low dose of AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    AVI-4658
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    0.09 mg doses were diluted in 900 μL normal saline (0·9%) and injected to the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    900 μL normal saline injected to the contralateral extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle

    Arm title
    High dose AVI-4658
    Arm description
    High dose of AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    AVI-4658
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    0.9 mg doses were diluted in 900 μL normal saline (0·9%) and injected to the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    900 μL normal saline injected to the contralateral extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Started
    2
    5
    Completed
    2
    5

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Low dose AVI-4658
    Reporting group description
    Low dose of AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.

    Reporting group title
    High dose AVI-4658
    Reporting group description
    High dose of AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.

    Reporting group values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658 Total
    Number of subjects
    2 5 7
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    2 5 7
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        geometric mean (full range (min-max))
    14.5 (13 to 16) 11.8 (10 to 15) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    0 0 0
        Male
    2 5 7
    Mobility
    Units: Subjects
        Wheelchair for 11 years
    1 0 1
        Wheelchair for 10 years; rides static bike for 10
    1 0 1
        Wheelchair for 10 years
    0 1 1
        Walks indoors
    0 1 1
        Walks unaided
    0 3 3

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Low dose AVI-4658
    Reporting group description
    Low dose of AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.

    Reporting group title
    High dose AVI-4658
    Reporting group description
    High dose of AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.

    Primary: Number of participants with adverse events related to AVI-4568

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    End point title
    Number of participants with adverse events related to AVI-4568 [1]
    End point description
    Number of Subjects with Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious TEAEs Adverse events assessed by light microscopy and immunocytochemistry to detect the differences in inflammatory infiltrates between the AVI-4568 and placebo-treated EDB muscles
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline up to Day 120
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical analyses due to the low number of participants
    End point values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    5
    Units: Number of participants
    0
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Number of participants with Injection Site Reactions

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    End point title
    Number of participants with Injection Site Reactions [2]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From the Day of Screening to Day 3
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical analyses due to the low number of participants
    End point values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    5
    Units: Number of participants
    2
    4
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Increased expression of dystrophin

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    End point title
    Increased expression of dystrophin
    End point description
    Western blot analysis
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    4 weeks
    End point values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    5
    Units: Number of participants
    0
    5
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants with Induced Skipping of Exon 51 in the Treated Extensor Digitorum Brevis (EDB) Muscle Determined by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

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    End point title
    Number of participants with Induced Skipping of Exon 51 in the Treated Extensor Digitorum Brevis (EDB) Muscle Determined by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
    End point description
    Sequencing of the RT-PCR products
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 14 to Day 28
    End point values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    5
    Units: Number of participants
    2
    5
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants with Restoration of Dystrophin Protein Expression Measured by Immunocytochemistry

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    End point title
    Number of participants with Restoration of Dystrophin Protein Expression Measured by Immunocytochemistry
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 14 to Day 28
    End point values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    5
    Units: Number of participants
    0
    5
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants with Restoration of Dystrophin Protein Expression Measured by Western blot analysis

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    End point title
    Number of participants with Restoration of Dystrophin Protein Expression Measured by Western blot analysis
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 14 to Day 28
    End point values
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    5
    Units: Number of participants
    0
    5
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    120 days
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    10
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Low dose AVI-4658
    Reporting group description
    AVI-4658 was injected into the EDB muscle; the contralateral muscle received saline.

    Reporting group title
    High dose AVI-4658
    Reporting group description
    Participants received a high dose of AVI-4658

    Serious adverse events
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 5 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Low dose AVI-4658 High dose AVI-4658
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 2 (100.00%)
    4 / 5 (80.00%)
    Cardiac disorders
    Decline in cardiac function
    Additional description: The decline in cardiac function (FS=22%)
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
    0 / 5 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Immune system disorders
    Myoglobinuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    3 / 5 (60.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Bilateral erythema
    Additional description: Bilateral erythema at the injection sites
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 2 (100.00%)
    1 / 5 (20.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Ecchymosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
    3 / 5 (60.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    4
    Bilateral oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
    0 / 5 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    01 May 2008
    the investigators had identified considerable comorbidity that precluded recruitment of some of the older patients, it also requested and obtained permission to lower the age at inclusion to 10 years and to be able to recruit ambulant patients.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19713152
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
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