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    Clinical Trial Results:
    RANDOMIZED MULTICENTER PHASE III STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE PANCREAS: GEMCITABINE WITH OR WITHOUT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY AND WITH OR WITHOUT ERLOTINIB

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2007-001174-81
    Trial protocol
    FR   BE   SE  
    Global end of trial date
    31 Jan 2014

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    14 Oct 2017
    First version publication date
    14 Oct 2017
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    D07-1
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    GERCOR
    Sponsor organisation address
    151 rue du faubourg saint Antoine, PARIS, France, 75011
    Public contact
    Regulatory affairs, GERCOR, 33 140298500, regulatory.affairs@gercor.com.fr
    Scientific contact
    Regulatory Affairs, GERCOR, 33 140298500, regulatory.affairs@gercor.com.fr
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    31 Jan 2014
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    31 Jan 2014
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    31 Jan 2014
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess whether administrating a chemoradiotherapy in patients whose tumor is controlled after 4 months of induction chemotherapy (CT) increases survival compared to continue the same CT.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Before the chemotherapy protocol, the patient will receive the antiemetic which is generally used by the hospital in charge of the patient and a preventive anti-emetic treatment 1hour before each radiation session is recommended. If necessary, anti-emetic or anti-diarrhoea treatment can be prescribed to treat symptoms. The systematic prescription of anti-gastric secretion medicine (anti-H2 or PPI) is highly recommended during radiation as well as six months afterwards to reduce gastric acid secretion and prevent the risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcer.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    07 Feb 2008
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Sweden: 17
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 46
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 347
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 27
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    New Zealand: 5
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    442
    EEA total number of subjects
    410
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    156
    From 65 to 84 years
    273
    85 years and over
    13

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Between Feb. 2008 and Dec.2011,a total of 449 patients from 80 centers in France, Australia, New Zealand, Belgium and Sweden were enrolled. Of these, 4 patients had missing data, 2 had a periampullary cancer, and 1 had a history of other previous malignancy that has been in complete remission for less than 5 years, thus leaving 442eligible patients

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Eligible patients were at least 18 years of age; histologically or cytologically confirmed stage III locally advanced pancreatic cancer; a measurable or evaluable disease as assessed according to the RECIST1.0 criteria; Performance status 0-2; adequate biological, hematological and renal parameters; no prior chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    First randomization
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Gemcitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection/infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Gemcitabine: 1000mg/m² - 30 min infusion (Day 1, D8, D15, D22, D29, D36, D43 then after first evaluation D57, D64, D71, D85, D92 and D99)

    Arm title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Gemcitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection/infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Gemcitabine: 1000mg/m² - 30 min infusion, (D1, D8, D15, D22, D29, D36, D43 then after firts evaluation D57, D64, D71, D85, D92, D99)

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Erlotinib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Erlotinib :100mg dose per day at least one hour before or two hours after meals, during 4 months.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    First randomization - Gemcitabine First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Started
    223
    219
    Completed
    223
    219
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Second Randomization
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    second randomization - A1 - Gemcitabine
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Gemcitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection/infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Gemcitabine 1000mg/m², 30 min infusion (on D113, D120, D127, D141, D148 and D155)

    Arm title
    Second randomization - B1 - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Gemcitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection/infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Gemcitabine :1000mg/m² - 30 min infusion (on D113, D120, D127, D141, D148 and D155)

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Erlotinib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Erlotinib: 100mg dose per day at least one hour before or two hours after meals during 2 months. After D155, erlotinib 150mg dose per day until progression

    Arm title
    Second Randomization - A2 - Chemoradiotherapy
    Arm description
    radiation therapy 54Gy and concomitant capecitabine
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    capecitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Capecitabine per os at a total dose of 1600mg/m² (5 days per week). Then stop unitl progression

    Arm title
    second Randomization - B2 - Chemoradiotherapy
    Arm description
    Radiation therapy 54Gy and concomitant capecitabine. Then reintroduction of erlotinib alone 150mg per day until progression.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Capecitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Capecitabine :per os at a total dose of 1600mg/m² (5 days per week).

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Erlotinib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Erlotinib : réintroduction after radiation therapy and concomitant capecitabine. Dose : 150mg per day until progression

    Number of subjects in period 2 [1]
    second randomization - A1 - Gemcitabine Second randomization - B1 - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib Second Randomization - A2 - Chemoradiotherapy second Randomization - B2 - Chemoradiotherapy
    Started
    68
    67
    68
    66
    Completed
    68
    67
    68
    66
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
    Justification: 173 patients were excluded before seconde randomization : death( 9 patients); Progressive disease (102 patients); Intercurrent disease (6 patients); Toxicity (15 patients); Delay of radiotherapy >7 days (1 patient); Delay of chemotherapy (10 patients); Investigator decision (16 patients); Patients' decision (11 patients); Other reason (3 patients)

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    First randomization - Gemcitabine First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib Total
    Number of subjects
    223 219 442
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    81 75 156
        From 65-84 years
    138 135 273
        85 years and over
    4 9 13
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    64 (57 to 70) 63 (58 to 71) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    106 108 214
        Male
    117 111 228
    WHO Performance status score
    Units: Subjects
        PS0
    109 88 197
        PS1
    91 112 203
        PS2
    15 16 31
        Unknown
    8 3 11
    Tumor location in the pancreas
    Units: Subjects
        Head
    146 156 302
        Body and tail
    76 62 138
        Unknown
    1 1 2
    Grading
    Units: Subjects
        Well differenciated
    56 51 107
        Moderately differentiated
    37 38 75
        Poorly differenciated
    18 23 41
        Grade cannot be assessed
    40 43 83
        Missing
    72 64 136
    Node status
    Units: Subjects
        N0
    134 124 258
        N1
    85 94 179
        Unknown
    4 1 5
    Vascular invasion
    Units: Subjects
        Superior mesenteric artery
    80 64 144
        Coeliac trunk
    96 92 188
        Hepatic trunk
    10 15 25
        No
    34 45 79
        Missing
    3 3 6
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Second randomization - Chemotherapy
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    ARM B1 - gemcitabine plus erlotinib

    Subject analysis set title
    Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    ARM B2 - radiation therapy 54Gy and concomitant capecitabine per os

    Subject analysis sets values
    Second randomization - Chemotherapy Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Number of subjects
    136
    133
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
        85 years and over
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    63 (57 to 70)
    62 (55 to 70)
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    60
    75
        Male
    76
    58
    WHO Performance status score
    Units: Subjects
        PS0
    76
    64
        PS1
    48
    60
        PS2
    8
    7
        Unknown
    4
    2
    Tumor location in the pancreas
    Units: Subjects
        Head
    93
    88
        Body and tail
    43
    44
        Unknown
    0
    1
    Grading
    Units: Subjects
        Well differenciated
    33
    31
        Moderately differentiated
    23
    22
        Poorly differenciated
    10
    9
        Grade cannot be assessed
    25
    28
        Missing
    45
    43
    Node status
    Units: Subjects
        N0
    79
    77
        N1
    57
    54
        Unknown
    0
    2
    Vascular invasion
    Units: Subjects
        Superior mesenteric artery
    50
    40
        Coeliac trunk
    57
    59
        Hepatic trunk
    7
    11
        No
    20
    23
        Missing
    2
    0

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Reporting group description
    -
    Reporting group title
    second randomization - A1 - Gemcitabine
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Second randomization - B1 - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Second Randomization - A2 - Chemoradiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    radiation therapy 54Gy and concomitant capecitabine

    Reporting group title
    second Randomization - B2 - Chemoradiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    Radiation therapy 54Gy and concomitant capecitabine. Then reintroduction of erlotinib alone 150mg per day until progression.

    Subject analysis set title
    Second randomization - Chemotherapy
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    ARM B1 - gemcitabine plus erlotinib

    Subject analysis set title
    Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    ARM B2 - radiation therapy 54Gy and concomitant capecitabine per os

    Primary: Overall survival on second randomization

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    End point title
    Overall survival on second randomization [1]
    End point description
    In ITT2 population, 221 deaths had occurred—112 (82.4%) in the Chemotherapy arm and 109 (82.0%) in the Chemoradiotherapy arm. Median Overall Survival (OS) was 15.5 months (95% CI, 14.7 to 17.4 months) — 16.4 months (95% CI, 14.5 to 18.5 months) for Chemotherapy arm and 15.2 months (95% CI, 13.9 to 17.3 months) for Chemoradiotherapy arm. The HR was 1.03 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.34; P= 0.83) — Result was not significant). The median follow-up was 36.7 months (CI 95% = [27.6; 44.2] months). Interaction test between the randomized arms at first and second randomization in ITT2 population was not significant (p=0.24).
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From the date of the first randomization to the date of patient death, due to any cause, or to the last date the patient was known to be alive.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate overall survival in the ITT2 population. OS was calculated from the first randomization. Comparisons on survival according to chemoradiatherapy or chemotherapy (Randomisation 2) were made with the log-rank test in the ITT2 population. The 2 or the Fischer exact test was to be used, if necessary, for comparison of qualitative variables. The Student t test will be used for quantitative variables.
    End point values
    Second randomization - Chemotherapy Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    136
    133
    Units: Months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    16.5 (14.5 to 18.5)
    15.2 (13.9 to 17.3)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Overall Survival (OS) on first randomization

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    End point title
    Overall Survival (OS) on first randomization
    End point description
    Patients who were not reported as dead at the time of the analysis were censored using the date they were known to be alive. Among ITT1 population, the median follow-up was 34.3 months (CI 95%, 27.6 to 43.8months). There were 379 deaths at the end of follow-up. The median OS was 12.8 months (CI 95%, 11.8 to 14.1 months) — 13.6 months (95% CI, 12.3 to 15.3 months) for Gemcitabine arm and 11.9 months (95% CI, 10.4 to 13.5 months) for Gemcitabine + Erlotinib arm. The HR was 1.03 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.34; P= 0.83) — log-rank test was borderline (p=0.09).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From the date of the first randomization to the date of patient death, due to any cause, or to the last date the patient was known to be alive.
    End point values
    First randomization - Gemcitabine First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Number of subjects analysed
    223
    219
    Units: Months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    13.6 (12.3 to 15.3)
    11.9 (10.4 to 13.5)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Progression free survival (PFS)

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    End point title
    Progression free survival (PFS)
    End point description
    Death was regarded as a progression event in those patients who died before disease progression. Alive patients without documented objective progression at the time of the final analysis were censored at the date of their last objective tumor assessment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Progression-free survival (PFS) was the time from the date of the first randomization to the date of progressive disease (RECIST 1.0 criteria) or death.
    End point values
    First randomization - Gemcitabine First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Number of subjects analysed
    223
    219
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    7.8 (6.8 to 8.4)
    6.5 (6 to 7.2)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Progression free survival (PFS) on second randomization

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    End point title
    Progression free survival (PFS) on second randomization
    End point description
    In ITT2 population, the median progression-free survival times were 11.8 months with chemotherapy and 12.5 months with Chemoradiotherapy. Progression events occurred in 123 patients receiving Chemotherapy and 118 receiving Chemoradiotherapy. The risk of progression was independent to treatment arms allocation (adjusted hazard ratio for Chemoradiotherapy, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.1; P = 0.22) (Figure 9). Similarly, in ITT1 population the log rank test was not significant (p=0.15). No interaction between the randomized arms was shown.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Progression-free survival (PFS) was the time from the date of the first randomization to the date of progressive disease (RECIST 1.0 criteria) or death.
    End point values
    Second randomization - Chemotherapy Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    125
    122
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    8.4 (7.8 to 9.4)
    9.9 (8.8 to 10.4)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From the randomization to the end of treatment
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    15
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Second randomization - Chemotherapy
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    First randomization - Gemcitabine First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib Second randomization - Chemotherapy Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    77 / 223 (34.53%)
    78 / 219 (35.62%)
    38 / 136 (27.94%)
    39 / 133 (29.32%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Inferior limb oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Alteration of general status
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
    6 / 219 (2.74%)
    2 / 136 (1.47%)
    3 / 133 (2.26%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Anorexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    2 / 219 (0.91%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    3 / 133 (2.26%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bicytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chills
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Febrile epigastralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 223 (1.79%)
    11 / 219 (5.02%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperthermia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Immune system disorders
    diabetes decompensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dysphonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
    2 / 219 (0.91%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Thoracic pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    confusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arm fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Break left coxa
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute coronary syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    2 / 133 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    cardiac arrhythmia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    cerebal bleeding
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    2 / 136 (1.47%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 223 (2.24%)
    3 / 219 (1.37%)
    3 / 136 (2.21%)
    5 / 133 (3.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal peritonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute lithiasic cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Angiocholitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 223 (2.24%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    2 / 133 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Biliary Prothesis occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Biliary stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bowel obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    2 / 219 (0.91%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Digestive hemorragia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    3 / 133 (2.26%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fissurectomy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperbilirubinaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    mesenteric infarctus
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
    3 / 219 (1.37%)
    6 / 136 (4.41%)
    3 / 133 (2.26%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    2 / 133 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Acute cholangitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    4 / 136 (2.94%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Biliary prothesis replacement
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Choledochus compression
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholestasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    bile duct dilatation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    icterus
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    2 / 136 (1.47%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Cutaneous eruption
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Cystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    3 / 219 (1.37%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Acute hepatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Aplasia febrile
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bilateral erysipelas
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    hepatic cirrhose decompensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Febrile syndrom
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    dehydratation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    0 / 219 (0.00%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    First randomization - Gemcitabine First randomization - Gemcitabine plus Erlotinib Second randomization - Chemotherapy Second randomization - Chemoradiotherapy
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    220 / 223 (98.65%)
    219 / 219 (100.00%)
    136 / 136 (100.00%)
    133 / 133 (100.00%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Neutrophil count
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    70 / 223 (31.39%)
    78 / 219 (35.62%)
    8 / 136 (5.88%)
    3 / 133 (2.26%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Platelet count
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
    7 / 219 (3.20%)
    3 / 136 (2.21%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    anemia
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 223 (2.24%)
    13 / 219 (5.94%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Febrile neutropenia
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
    5 / 219 (2.28%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Aspartate transaminase
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 223 (8.97%)
    22 / 219 (10.05%)
    5 / 136 (3.68%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Alanine aminotransferase
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    35 / 223 (15.70%)
    30 / 219 (13.70%)
    6 / 136 (4.41%)
    2 / 133 (1.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Alkaline phosphatase
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 223 (9.87%)
    16 / 219 (7.31%)
    4 / 136 (2.94%)
    0 / 133 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Bilirubin
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 223 (4.93%)
    11 / 219 (5.02%)
    5 / 136 (3.68%)
    2 / 133 (1.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Gamma-glutamyltranspetidase
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    64 / 223 (28.70%)
    46 / 219 (21.00%)
    14 / 136 (10.29%)
    12 / 133 (9.02%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 223 (2.69%)
    7 / 219 (3.20%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    6 / 133 (4.51%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Vomiting
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
    6 / 219 (2.74%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    3 / 133 (2.26%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Diarrhea
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
    14 / 219 (6.39%)
    1 / 136 (0.74%)
    5 / 133 (3.76%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Infections and infestations
    Fever
    Additional description: Grade 3 - 4
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
    1 / 219 (0.46%)
    0 / 136 (0.00%)
    1 / 133 (0.75%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    10 Dec 2007
    - Treatment delayed for more than 14 days for patients receiving gemcitabine alone or in association with erlotinib. - When toxicity is due to radiotherapy with a stop more than 7 consecutive days, except for patients who did already receive 5 consecutive weeks of radiotherapy who stop the treatment but remain included in the study - In case of early recurrence, added mention on the recommendation of the use of second-line FOLFOX
    09 Sep 2008
    to add the ancillary study (CirCé)
    23 Feb 2009
    to add exclusion criteria : ampulloma
    15 Apr 2010
    Statistical part revised, definition of two ITT populations
    31 Oct 2011
    Statistical section revised with intermediate analysis after 196 death events instead of 257

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    In this trial in patients with disease controlled after 4 months of induction chemotherapy, there was no significant difference in overall survival of chemoradiotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone.

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27139057
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