| E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation | 
| E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated  | 
| Blocking the angiotensin II type 1 receptor reduces systemic levels of oxidative stress markers and adhesion molecules compared to placebo in patients with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation.  | 
 
 
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| MedDRA Classification | 
| E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease  |  No  | 
| E.2 Objective of the trial | 
| E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial  | 
Blocking the angiotensin II type 1 receptor reduces systemic levels of oxidative stress markers and adhesion molecules by more than 25% compared to placebo in patients with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation.  
 Target: Examination of the study hypothesis in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study in patients with persistent / permanent atrial fibrillation. 
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| E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial  |  | 
| E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study  |  No  | 
| E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria  | 
Patients with persistent/permanent  AF (> 2 months)  CHADS2 Score > 2  Age ³ 18  Patient informed orally and in writing Written informed consent of the patient 
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| E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria | 
§	Strong clinical evidence that prevents the temporary pause of therapy with AT II antagonists §	Symptomatic bradycardia §	Implanted pacemaker or implanted cardioverter/defibrillator with any antitachycardiac algorithm in use §	Cardiac surgery or cardiac catheter ablation within the last 3 months §	Typical angina pectoris symptoms at rest or during exercise §	Known coronary artery disease with indication for intervention §	Symptomatic peripheral vascular disease §	Left ventricular ejection fraction < 35% §	Myocardial infarction within 6 months of screening §	Diastolic blood pressure > 110mm Hg at rest §	Symptomatic arterial hypotension §	Known renal artery stenosis §	serum creatinin > 1.8 mval/l §	chronic inflammatory disease §	acute inflammatory disease (hsCRP > 20mg/L) §	Relevant hepatic or pulmonary disorders §	Hyperthyreosis manifested clinically and in laboratory §	Known drug intolerance for AT II inhibitors §	Females who are pregnant or breast feeding §	Females of childbearing potential who are not using a scientifically accepted method of contraception §	Participation in a clinical trial within the last 30 days §	Drug addiction or chronic alcohol abuse §	Legal incapacity, or other circumstances which would prevent the patient from understanding the aim, nature or extent of the clinical study, Evidence of an uncooperative attitude 
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| E.5 End points | 
| E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) | 
| Reduction of systemic levels of oxidative stress markers and adhesion molecules(hsCRP, ICAM, VCAM, MCP-1, vWF, TGFb1, TNF-a, Interleukin-6, 8isoProstaglandinF2a) | 
 
 
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| E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial | 
| E.6 | Scope of the trial | 
| E.6.1 | Diagnosis |  No  | 
| E.6.2 | Prophylaxis |  Yes  | 
| E.6.3 | Therapy |  Yes  | 
| E.6.4 | Safety |  No  | 
| E.6.5 | Efficacy |  No  | 
| E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic |  No  | 
| E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic |  No  | 
| E.6.8 | Bioequivalence |  No  | 
| E.6.9 | Dose response |  No  | 
| E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic |  No  | 
| E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic |  No  | 
| E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic |  No  | 
| E.6.13 | Others |  No  | 
| E.7 | Trial type and phase | 
| E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) |  No  | 
| E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans |  No  | 
| E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study |  No  | 
| E.7.1.3 | Other |  No  | 
| E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description |  | 
| E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) |  No  | 
| E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) |  No  | 
| E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) |  Yes  | 
| E.8 Design of the trial | 
| E.8.1 | Controlled |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.1 | Randomised |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.2 | Open |  No  | 
| E.8.1.3 | Single blind |  No  | 
| E.8.1.4 | Double blind  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.5 | Parallel group |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.6 | Cross over  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.7 | Other |  Information not present in EudraCT  | 
| E.8.2 |  Comparator of controlled trial | 
| E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) |  No  | 
| E.8.2.2 | Placebo  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.2.3 | Other |  No  | 
| E.8.3 | 
                                The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
                             |  Yes  | 
| E.8.4 |  The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 5 | 
| E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States |  Information not present in EudraCT  | 
| E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA | 
| E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA |  No  | 
| E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA |  Information not present in EudraCT  | 
| E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee |  Yes  | 
| E.8.8 | 
                        Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
                        visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
                     |  | 
| E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 8 | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 12 | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 1 |