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    Clinical Trial Results:
    An open, randomized clinical phase I/II trial to investigate maximum tolerated dose, efficacy, and safety of lenalidomide/low-dose dexamethasone in combination with continuous oral cyclophosphamide compared to lenalidomide/low-dose dexamethasone combined with single cyclophosphamide doses IV in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2008-003829-16
    Trial protocol
    DE  
    Global end of trial date
    24 Oct 2016

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    07 Apr 2022
    First version publication date
    07 Apr 2022
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    RV-MM-DSMM-0279
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01019174
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Gesellschaft für medizinische Innovation Hämatologie und Onkologie mbH
    Sponsor organisation address
    Almstadtstr. 7, Berlin, Germany, 10119
    Public contact
    Medical Consulting, Gesellschaft für medizinische Innovation - Hämatologie und Onkologie mbH, info@gmiho.de
    Scientific contact
    Martin Kropff, MD, Department of Medinice, Hematology/Oncology University of Münster, martin.kropff@ukmuenster.de
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    28 Aug 2017
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    24 Oct 2016
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    24 Oct 2016
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    • To determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of CY (PO and IV) in combination with LEN and low-dose DEX • To investigate best objective response (EBMT criteria) of both treatment regimens
    Protection of trial subjects
    The conduct of this study was in compliance with the Good Clinical Practice Guidelines and under the guiding principles detailed in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was also carried out in keeping with applicable law(s) and regulation(s). Blood sampling, bone marrowe biopsy and imaging procedures such as X-rays and computerized tomography were not be used more frequently during the study than during routine care for this indication. All patients taken lenalidomide were counseled about pregnancy prevention and the risk of fetal exposure every 28 days. An unscheduled visit could occur at any time during the study.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    02 Feb 2010
    Long term follow-up planned
    Yes
    Long term follow-up rationale
    Safety
    Long term follow-up duration
    3 Years
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 31
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    31
    EEA total number of subjects
    31
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    21
    From 65 to 84 years
    10
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The trial was conducted at 4 trial sites only in Germany; one of these trial sites were closed. The clinical trial was conducted between 02 Feb 2010 until 24 Oct 2016. The last patient had been randomized on August 8, 2013. Recruiting was prematurely stopped on 17 Oct 2013 due to poor recruitment.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    In phase I maximal tolerated dose for cyclophosphamide (MTD) was planned to be determined. In phase II the efficacy and safety on basis of the determined MTD for 20 patients were planned to be examined. A total of 31 patients had been randomized. 16 patients were randomized into arm with cyclophosphamide IV, 15 into arm with cyclophosphamide PO.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Overall
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Cyclophosphamide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Dose Level 1: CY IV: 250 mg/m² on day 1 Dose Level 2: CY IV: 375 mg/m² on day 1 Dose Level 3: CY IV: 500 mg/m² on day 1 Dose Level 4: CY IV: 625 mg/m² on day 1 Dose Level 5: CY IV: 750 mg/m² on day 1

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Cyclophosphamide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Dose Level 1: CY PO: 50mg/day on day 1-10 Dose Level 2: CY PO: 50mg/day on day 1-15 Dose Level 3: CY PO: 50mg/day on day 1-20 Dose Level 4: CY PO: 100mg/day on day 1-13 Dose Level 5: CY PO: 100mg/day on day 1-15

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Lenalidomide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Revlimid®
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The planned dose of lenalidomide for investigation is 25 mg/day, orally on days 1 - 21 followed by 7 days rest (28-day cycle). Dosing will be at approximately the same time each day. Lenalidomide may be taken with or without food. Capsules should be taken unchewed with sufficient fluid. Only one cycle of study drug will be supplied to the patient each cycle. Subjects experiencing adverse events may need study treatment modifications.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Dexamethasone
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The planned dose of dexamethasone is 40 mg/day, orally on days 1, 8, 15 and 22 of the 28-day cycle. Dosing will be in the morning at approximately the same time each day.Dexamethasone may be taken with or without food. Tablets should be taken unchewed with sufficient fluid. Subjects experiencing adverse events may need study treatment modifications.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Overall
    Started
    31
    Completed
    5
    Not completed
    26
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    5
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    5
         Death
    1
         Other reasons
    6
         Progressive disease
    9

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    overall trial
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    overall trial Total
    Number of subjects
    31 31
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    21 21
        From 65-84 years
    10 10
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    11 11
        Male
    20 20

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall
    Reporting group description
    -

    Primary: Maximum tolerated dose

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    End point title
    Maximum tolerated dose [1]
    End point description
    In phase I MTD of CY will be determined using a common dose escalation scheme with 3 to 6 patients per dose level.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    MTD will be defined on the basis of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) observed during the first treatment course.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: 25 patients in total were reported to have terminated study treatment. Due to the incomplete data situation, no statement can be made about efficacy within the study. No results (efficacy or safety) could not obtained for the recommended dose based on the low number of patients treated in the MTD.
    End point values
    Overall
    Number of subjects analysed
    31
    Units: subjects
    31
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information [1]
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    from Day1 to Short-term Follow Up (every 4 weeks till first progressive disease)
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    19.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall reported SAEs
    Reporting group description
    -

    Notes
    [1] - There are no non-serious adverse events recorded for these results. It is expected that there will be at least one non-serious adverse event reported.
    Justification: All AEs should be recorded by the Investigator(s) from the time of first intake of study medication until 28 days after the end of treatment with LEN-DEX-CY. During maintenance therapy with LEN-DEX only AEs with grade ≥ 3 and SAEs should be documented.
    Serious adverse events
    Overall reported SAEs
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 31 (61.29%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    1
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Basal cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 31 (6.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Malignant melanoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metastatic colonic cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Skin cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Vascular disorders
    Deep vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Cataract operation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Medical device removal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 31 (6.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Femoral neck fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Foot fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial flutter
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Nervous system disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Bone marrow failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Retinal detachment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Enteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Stomatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Campylobacter gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Erysipelas
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 31 (6.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumocystis jirovecii infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 31 (16.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    4 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Wound infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyperglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 31 (3.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Overall reported SAEs
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 31 (0.00%)

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    15 Dec 2010
    Protocol (Version 3.0, 27.09.2010): Clarifications on study treatment and scheduled study assessments
    27 Mar 2012
    Protocol (Version 4.0, 10.01.2012): documentation on second primary malignancies, change of primary packaging material for the IMP lenalidomide
    24 May 2013
    Protocol (Version 5.0, 29.04.2013): updated SmPC lenalidomide
    13 Jul 2015
    Protocol (Version 6.0, 08.06.2015): changes within SmPCs were implemented; prolongation of follow-up period; site deregistration

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    Recruiting was prematurely stopped on 17 October 2013 due to the fact that recruiting had been much slower than expected and thus the project aim would not be reached.
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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