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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of deferasirox in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (low/int-1 risk) and transfusional iron overload (TELESTO)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2009-012418-38
    Trial protocol
    IT   FI   DK   GB   BE   GR   NL   BG  
    Global end of trial date
    27 Feb 2018

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    13 Mar 2019
    First version publication date
    13 Mar 2019
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CICL670A2302
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT00940602
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Novartis Pharma, AG
    Sponsor organisation address
    CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland,
    Public contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma, AG, +41 613241111, novartis.email@novartis.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma, AG, +41 613241111, novartis.email@novartis.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    27 Feb 2018
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    27 Feb 2018
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective was to evaluate deferasirox and placebo with regard to event-free survival (EFS) (a composite primary endpoint including death and non-fatal events related to cardiac and liver function and transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML)) in low and int-1 risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients with transfusional iron overload (IO).
    Protection of trial subjects
    The study was in compliance with the ethical principles derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. All the local regulatory requirements pertinent to safety of trial subjects were also followed during the conduct of the trial.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    22 Mar 2010
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    China: 85
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 25
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Greece: 9
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hong Kong: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 24
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Malaysia: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Mexico: 16
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    New Zealand: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Switzerland: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Thailand: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 12
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    225
    EEA total number of subjects
    68
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    108
    From 65 to 84 years
    115
    85 years and over
    2

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    As of database lock (date 28-Apr-2018), a total of 225 patients were randomized, including 149 patients in deferasirox arm and 76 in the placebo arm.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The planned sample size of 210 patients randomized in a ratio of 2:1 in favor of deferasirox was based on the feasibility of enrolling the patients and consultations with the Health Authorities.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Deferasirox
    Arm description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 µg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Deferasirox
    Investigational medicinal product code
    ICL670
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Dispersible tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Deferasirox (ICL670) was dosed at the below schedule: - 10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for first 2-weeks, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) (Week 2-End of treatment) - After 3 months of treatment at the dose of 20 mg/kg/day the dose could be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin response

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 µg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Dispersible tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Deferasirox Placebo was dosed at the below schedule: - 10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for first 2-weeks, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) (Week 2-End of treatment) - After 3 months of treatment at the dose of 20 mg/kg/day the dose could be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin response

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Started
    149
    76
    Safety Analysis Set
    148
    76
    Full Analysis Set
    149
    76
    Treated
    148
    76
    Untreated
    1
    0
    Completed
    0
    0
    Not completed
    149
    76
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    38
    19
         Physician decision
    8
    5
         Patient withdrew consent
    26
    13
         Disease progression
    8
    2
         Protocol Deviation
    1
    -
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    7
    2
         Administrative problems
    1
    1
         Pregnancy
    1
    -
         Study terminated by sponsor
    43
    5
         Patient/guardian decision
    13
    28
         Lost to follow-up
    3
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Deferasirox
    Reporting group description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 µg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 µg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.

    Reporting group values
    Deferasirox Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    149 76 225
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    71 37 108
        From 65-84 years
    76 39 115
        From 85 years and over
    2 0 2
    Age Continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    61.2 ( 16.13 ) 60.7 ( 15.05 ) -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    56 32 88
        Male
    93 44 137
    Race/Ethnicity, Customized
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic/latino
    14 5 19
        Chinese
    61 29 90
        Mixed ethnicity
    1 0 1
        Other
    73 42 115
    MDS risk category
    International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS}
    Units: Subjects
        Low (combined score 0)
    41 21 62
        Intermediate 1 (combined score 0.5 - 1.0)
    108 55 163

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Deferasirox
    Reporting group description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 µg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 µg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.

    Primary: Event-free Survival

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    End point title
    Event-free Survival
    End point description
    Event-free survival was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of the first documented non-fatal event (worsening cardiac function, hospitalization for congestive heart failure, liver function impairment, liver cirrhosis, transformation to AML, as defined in the protocol), or death, whichever occurred first. Participants who did not experience a non-fatal event as of the time of data cut-off (end of study), as well as participants who did not experience a non-fatal event and stopped study participation before the data cut-off, were censored as specified in the protocol.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Time to event, Day 1 to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    1440 (1167 to 1559)
    1091 (820 to 1348)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect - EFS
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [1]
    P-value
    = 0.015 [2]
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.636
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.42
         upper limit
    0.96
    Notes
    [1] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.
    [2] - Exploratory p-value is one tailed and is based on the stratified log-rank test.

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with hematologic improvement (HI) in terms of erythroid response

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with hematologic improvement (HI) in terms of erythroid response
    End point description
    HI in terms of erythroid responses was assessed based on International Working Group (IWG) criteria, with improvement defined as follows: • Hemoglobin increase of ≥ 1.5 g/dL OR • Reduction of ≥ 4 RBC transfusions/8 weeks in comparison to pre-treatment values and lasting at least 8 weeks. The last hemoglobin value measured prior to randomization was used as the pre-treatment value. The last available lab assessment date was used as the cut-off date for the analysis.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    39.6 (31.4 to 47.6)
    27.6 (16.9 to 38.3)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics -Hematologic improvement
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [3]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    12
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -1.8
         upper limit
    25.7
    Notes
    [3] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Overall survival

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    End point title
    Overall survival
    End point description
    Overall survival was calculated as the date of death (irrespective of cause) minus date of randomization plus 1.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Time to event, Day 1 to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    1907 (1440 to 9999)
    1509 (1095 to 1804)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect - OS
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [4]
    P-value
    = 0.2
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.832
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.54
         upper limit
    1.28
    Notes
    [4] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with newly occurring hypothyroidism compared to baseline

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with newly occurring hypothyroidism compared to baseline
    End point description
    As assessed by annual measurement of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and free T4. Hypothyroidism was defined as follows and is inclusive of: • Primary hypothyroidism: serum TSH >upper limit of normal (ULN) and free T4 <lower limit of normal (LLN); • Secondary hypothyroidism: serum TSH <ULN and free T4 <lower limit of normal; • Subclinical hypothyroidism: TSH >ULN and a free T4 within normal limits. The last available lab assessment date was used as the cut-off date for the analysis.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    5.4 (1.4 to 9.3)
    3.9 (0.0 to 9.0)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics - Hypothyroidism
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [5]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    1.4
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -5.3
         upper limit
    8.1
    Notes
    [5] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with worsening glucose metabolism compared to baseline

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with worsening glucose metabolism compared to baseline
    End point description
    As assessed by an annual glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Worsening glucose metabolism was defined as an increase in glucose metabolism category (normal, impaired glucose metabolism, diabetes mellitus) based on the American Diabetes Association criteria (American Diabetes Association 2009) compared to the baseline result. The last available lab assessment date was used as the cut-off date for the analysis.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    18.1 (11.6 to 24.6)
    18.4 (9.0 to 27.8)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics - worsening glucose
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [6]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    -0.3
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -12
         upper limit
    11.4
    Notes
    [6] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Time to disease progression

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    End point title
    Time to disease progression
    End point description
    Disease progression was defined as follows: - MDS progression: Transition into a higher MDS risk group based on IPSS scoring - Progression to AML: 20 percent or more blasts seen in the bone marrow collected by biopsy or aspirate. Disease progression was calculated as follows: Date of diagnosis of MDS progression or date of first diagnosis of AML, minus date of randomization plus 1. Participants who neither experienced MDS progression nor progression to AML were censored at the last contact date. Median estimation is not available as there is no data in any of the groups.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    999 (999 to 999)
    999 (999 to 999)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect - TTP
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [7]
    P-value
    = 0.184
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.725
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.36
         upper limit
    1.46
    Notes
    [7] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.

    Secondary: Time to first occurrence of serum ferritin level >2 times the baseline value at two consecutive assessments (at least two weeks apart)

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    End point title
    Time to first occurrence of serum ferritin level >2 times the baseline value at two consecutive assessments (at least two weeks apart)
    End point description
    Assessed by blood draw and calculated as follows: Date of first occurrence of serum ferritin >2 times the baseline value at two consecutive assessments (at least two weeks apart), minus date of randomization plus 1. Participants who did not experience such an increase were censored at the last date when serum ferritin was available.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    999 (999 to 999)
    592 (397 to 877)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect - Serum Ferritin
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [8]
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.195
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.11
         upper limit
    0.36
    Notes
    [8] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.

    Secondary: Time to at least a 10% increase from baseline in left ventricular end-diastolic internal (LVIDD) at two consecutive assessments at least two weeks apart

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    End point title
    Time to at least a 10% increase from baseline in left ventricular end-diastolic internal (LVIDD) at two consecutive assessments at least two weeks apart
    End point description
    Assessed by echocardiography and calculated as follows: Date of echocardiography assessment where a minimum of 10% increase of LVIDD first occurred, minus date of randomization plus 1. Participants who did not experience such an increase were censored at the last date when LVIDD was available.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Time to event, Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    999 (871 to 999)
    999 (732 to 999)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect - LVIDD
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [9]
    P-value
    = 0.303
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.871
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.52
         upper limit
    1.46
    Notes
    [9] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.

    Secondary: Time to at least a 10% increase from baseline in left ventricular internal systolic diameter (LVISD) at two consecutive assessments at least two weeks apart

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    End point title
    Time to at least a 10% increase from baseline in left ventricular internal systolic diameter (LVISD) at two consecutive assessments at least two weeks apart
    End point description
    Assessed by echocardiography and calculated as follows: Date of echocardiography assessment where a minimum of 10% increase of LVISD first occurred, minus date of randomization plus 1. Participants who did not experience such an increase were censored at the last date when LVISD was available.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Time to event, Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    149
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    1179.0 (532 to 9999)
    999 (502 to 999)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect - LVISD
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    225
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [10]
    P-value
    = 0.389
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    1.072
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.66
         upper limit
    1.75
    Notes
    [10] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.

    Secondary: Total number of infections requiring intravenous antimicrobials

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    End point title
    Total number of infections requiring intravenous antimicrobials
    End point description
    The total number of infections were counted and summarized per treatment group. For this number, one participant can contribute more than one infection event. Infections were determined from the reported AEs with system organ class "Infections and infestations" and action taken “Concomitant medication taken.” Antimicrobial therapy was determined from the reported concomitant medications for participants who had an infection AE. The route of administration needed to be specified as “intravenous (i.v.)”. End of treatment period was defined as the treatment period plus 28 days.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to end of treatment period
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    148
    76
    Units: infections
    253
    111
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with major gastrointestinal bleeding

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with major gastrointestinal bleeding
    End point description
    Major gastrointestinal bleeding was defined as an AE that could include one of the following MedDRA preferred terms: gastric hemorrhage, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, small intestinal hemorrhage, esophageal hemorrhage, large intestinal hemorrhage, rectal hemorrhage, melaena, duodenal ulcer hemorrhage, gastric ulcer hemorrhage, peptic ulcer hemorrhage, large intestinal ulcer hemorrhage, esophageal ulcer hemorrhage, and hematochezia. The end of treatment period was defined as the treatment period plus 28 days.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to end of treatment period (up to data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    148
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    5.4 (1.4 to 9.4)
    3.9 (0.0 to 9.0)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics - gastroint. bleeding
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    224
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [11]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    1.5
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -5.2
         upper limit
    8.1
    Notes
    [11] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with significant renal dysfunction

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with significant renal dysfunction
    End point description
    Significant renal dysfunction was defined as a serum creatinine value ≥ 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN) at two consecutive assessments at least 7 days apart
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    148
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    0.7 (0.0 to 2.3)
    0 (0.0 to 0.7)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics - renal dysfunction
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    224
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [12]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    0.7
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -1.6
         upper limit
    3
    Notes
    [12] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with newly occurring moderate or severe neutropenia

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with newly occurring moderate or severe neutropenia
    End point description
    Moderate or severe neutropenia was defined as neutrophil counts less than 1.0×10E9/L.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    148
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    27.7 (20.2 to 35.5)
    26.3 (15.8 to 36.9)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics - neutropenia
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    224
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [13]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    1.4
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -11.9
         upper limit
    14.6
    Notes
    [13] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with newly occurring severe thrombocytopenia

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with newly occurring severe thrombocytopenia
    End point description
    Severe thrombocytopenia was defined as platelets counts less than 50×10E9/L.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (prior to or on the day of randomization [Day 1]) to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    148
    76
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    10.1 (4.9 to 15.3)
    19.7 (10.1 to 29.3)
    Statistical analysis title
    Descriptive statistics - thrombocytopenia
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    224
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [14]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Wilson score test
    Point estimate
    -9.6
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -20.8
         upper limit
    1.6
    Notes
    [14] - 100 (1-α)% confidence intervals with α of 0.05 are provided

    Secondary: Time to study drug discontinuation due to an AE or laboratory abnormality

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    End point title
    Time to study drug discontinuation due to an AE or laboratory abnormality
    End point description
    As recorded on the Study Treatment Completion electronic Case Report Form (eCRF), date and reason given.Only participants for whom the reason for stopping study medication was entered as AE or laboratory abnormality were considered. This time to event endpoint was calculated as the date of study drug discontinuation due to an AE or laboratory abnormality minus date of randomization plus 1. Participants who did not discontinue study medication due to an AE or laboratory abnormality were censored at the date of study drug discontinuation.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to end of study evaluation period (data cutoff 28th April, 2018)
    End point values
    Deferasirox Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    148
    76
    Units: days
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    9999 (1486 to 9999)
    1022 (904 to 9999)
    Statistical analysis title
    Estimation of treatment effect time to disc.
    Comparison groups
    Deferasirox v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    224
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [15]
    P-value
    = 0.232
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.797
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.43
         upper limit
    1.46
    Notes
    [15] - The study was not designed for confirmatory analyses. Statistical tests were performed in an exploratory sense only.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were collected from Day1 (study drug) up to 28 days post treatment.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    20.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Deferasirox
    Reporting group description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 μg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    10 mg/kg/day (once daily) for the first 2 weeks of treatment, followed by 20 mg/kg/day (once daily) from Week 2 to End of Treatment. After 3 months of treatment at 20 mg/kg/day, the dose was allowed to be adjusted by 5 or 10 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/kg/day based on serum ferritin responses. When a target serum ferritin level was reached (usually between 500 and 1000 μg/L), the dose could be reduced by 50% to maintain the serum ferritin within the target range.

    Reporting group title
    All Patients
    Reporting group description
    Combined patients from the Deferasirox and Placebo arms.

    Serious adverse events
    Deferasirox Placebo All Patients
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    80 / 148 (54.05%)
    38 / 76 (50.00%)
    118 / 224 (52.68%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    24
    10
    34
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    1
    0
    1
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Acute leukaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute myeloid leukaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    4 / 224 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bladder neoplasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Light chain disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myelodysplastic syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myelofibrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Aortic stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Face oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General physical health deterioration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
    2 / 2
    Non-cardiac chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peripheral swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 148 (9.46%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    19 / 224 (8.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 16
    0 / 9
    0 / 25
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Immune system disorders
    Hypogammaglobulinaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Benign prostatic hyperplasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Uterine haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Uterine polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute respiratory distress syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    6 / 224 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 3
    0 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 2
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemoptysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Interstitial lung disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pleuritic pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary fibrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Investigations
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood creatine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood pressure decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Weight decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Back injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Face injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Femoral neck fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hip fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lower limb fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pelvic fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rib fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Soft tissue injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Splenic rupture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Subdural haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Cardiac disorders
    Arrhythmia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bradycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    4 / 224 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 1
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
    2 / 2
    Cardio-respiratory arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
    Cardiomyopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiopulmonary failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiovascular insufficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Left ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Palpitations
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pericardial effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Right ventricular dysfunction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sinus node dysfunction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Cerebral haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cerebral haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Cognitive disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hemianopia homonymous
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neuropathy peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Presyncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Abdominal lymphadenopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 148 (7.43%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 16
    0 / 8
    0 / 24
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bone marrow failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    5 / 224 (2.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 5
    0 / 7
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lymphadenitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Normochromic normocytic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Splenic infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Splenic lesion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Splenomegaly
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 148 (3.38%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    7 / 224 (3.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
    0 / 4
    0 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Aural polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Retinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vitreous floaters
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ascites
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
    0 / 0
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Crohn's disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 148 (3.38%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    9 / 224 (4.02%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 5
    2 / 4
    5 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 148 (2.70%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    6 / 224 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 4
    0 / 2
    1 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Gastrointestinal perforation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gingival bleeding
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gingival hypertrophy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 4
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematemesis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhoidal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hiatus hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ileus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 1
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intestinal mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mouth haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
    0 / 0
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 148 (3.38%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    5 / 224 (2.23%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 5
    0 / 0
    1 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatic function abnormal
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    0 / 0
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatic lesion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Dermatitis allergic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    4 / 224 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
    0 / 1
    1 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Anuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 4
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nephropathy toxic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Hypogonadism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Joint swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mobility decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Muscle atrophy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sjogren's syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Synovial cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Abscess soft tissue
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Anal abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Anal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Appendiceal abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridial infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Diarrhoea infectious
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 0
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diverticulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Escherichia sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Escherichia urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Febrile infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gingivitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Groin abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Liver abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    4 / 224 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
    Lung infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    13 / 224 (5.80%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 13
    0 / 5
    0 / 18
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    2 / 2
    3 / 3
    Neutropenic sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Orchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peritonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    6 / 224 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 3
    0 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Scrub typhus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 148 (4.05%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    8 / 224 (3.57%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 6
    0 / 2
    0 / 8
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
    0 / 0
    3 / 3
    Septic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Skin graft infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Soft tissue infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tongue fungal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 148 (2.70%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    6 / 224 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
    0 / 2
    0 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 148 (0.00%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    3 / 224 (1.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 3
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urosepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    2 / 224 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyponatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 224 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Deferasirox Placebo All Patients
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    135 / 148 (91.22%)
    65 / 76 (85.53%)
    200 / 224 (89.29%)
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 148 (8.78%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    21 / 224 (9.38%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    15
    30
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    21 / 148 (14.19%)
    12 / 76 (15.79%)
    33 / 224 (14.73%)
         occurrences all number
    21
    13
    34
    Non-cardiac chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 148 (4.73%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    13 / 224 (5.80%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    6
    15
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 148 (14.86%)
    9 / 76 (11.84%)
    31 / 224 (13.84%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    12
    40
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 148 (28.38%)
    13 / 76 (17.11%)
    55 / 224 (24.55%)
         occurrences all number
    84
    20
    104
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    30 / 148 (20.27%)
    11 / 76 (14.47%)
    41 / 224 (18.30%)
         occurrences all number
    41
    11
    52
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 148 (6.76%)
    7 / 76 (9.21%)
    17 / 224 (7.59%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    9
    23
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    5
    19
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 148 (6.76%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    4
    20
    Productive cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    7
    18
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    12 / 224 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    4
    13
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 148 (9.46%)
    9 / 76 (11.84%)
    23 / 224 (10.27%)
         occurrences all number
    17
    12
    29
    Blood bilirubin increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    11 / 224 (4.91%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    3
    23
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    37 / 148 (25.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    38 / 224 (16.96%)
         occurrences all number
    68
    2
    70
    Creatinine renal clearance decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 148 (10.81%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    19 / 224 (8.48%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    3
    22
    Protein urine present
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 148 (5.41%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    9 / 224 (4.02%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    1
    9
    Weight decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 148 (8.11%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    18 / 224 (8.04%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    7
    21
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 148 (12.84%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    25 / 224 (11.16%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    10
    32
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 148 (11.49%)
    13 / 76 (17.11%)
    30 / 224 (13.39%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    21
    41
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 148 (9.46%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    19 / 224 (8.48%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    7
    35
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    13 / 224 (5.80%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    4
    15
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vertigo
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 148 (5.41%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    12 / 224 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    6
    16
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 148 (6.08%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    15 / 224 (6.70%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    9
    19
    Abdominal distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 148 (7.43%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    15 / 224 (6.70%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    4
    17
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 148 (8.78%)
    9 / 76 (11.84%)
    22 / 224 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    14
    29
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 148 (8.11%)
    9 / 76 (11.84%)
    21 / 224 (9.38%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    11
    24
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 148 (11.49%)
    12 / 76 (15.79%)
    29 / 224 (12.95%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    18
    38
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    51 / 148 (34.46%)
    17 / 76 (22.37%)
    68 / 224 (30.36%)
         occurrences all number
    88
    30
    118
    Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 148 (7.43%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    17 / 224 (7.59%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    6
    18
    Gingival bleeding
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 148 (3.38%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    10 / 224 (4.46%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    5
    13
    Mouth ulceration
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 148 (8.78%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    1
    20
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 148 (15.54%)
    10 / 76 (13.16%)
    33 / 224 (14.73%)
         occurrences all number
    31
    16
    47
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 148 (8.11%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    18 / 224 (8.04%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    10
    29
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 148 (10.81%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    24 / 224 (10.71%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    8
    26
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Proteinuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 148 (8.11%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    13 / 224 (5.80%)
         occurrences all number
    21
    1
    22
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 148 (5.41%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    16 / 224 (7.14%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    10
    19
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 148 (10.14%)
    7 / 76 (9.21%)
    22 / 224 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    10
    28
    Bone pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 148 (0.68%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    5 / 224 (2.23%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    4
    5
    Muscle spasms
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 148 (2.03%)
    7 / 76 (9.21%)
    10 / 224 (4.46%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    8
    11
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 148 (5.41%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    11 / 224 (4.91%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    3
    12
    Infections and infestations
    Conjunctivitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 148 (1.35%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    6 / 224 (2.68%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    4
    6
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 148 (5.41%)
    6 / 76 (7.89%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    12
    21
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 148 (4.05%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    10 / 224 (4.46%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    4
    12
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 148 (6.76%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    4
    18
    Oral herpes
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 148 (3.38%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    10 / 224 (4.46%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    6
    12
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 148 (22.97%)
    19 / 76 (25.00%)
    53 / 224 (23.66%)
         occurrences all number
    67
    30
    97
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 148 (9.46%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    22 / 224 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    21
    13
    34
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 148 (12.16%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    26 / 224 (11.61%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    9
    28
    Hyperglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 148 (7.43%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    14 / 224 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    3
    22
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 148 (8.11%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    15 / 224 (6.70%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    3
    19

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    16 Jun 2010
    The inclusion/exclusion criteria were changed due to a greater than 90% pre-screen failure rate in patients for the study. The main purpose of the amendment was to: • Change the maximum serum ferritin level for inclusion from 2500 to 3500 mcg/L with a concurrent increase of the maximum number of transfused units of blood from 50 to 75 • Change the exclusion criteria of more than 3 years from diagnosis of MDS to more than 3 years from the time the patient became transfusion dependent • Clarify the need for baseline Brain Natriuretic Peptide assessment and for a baseline chest X-ray, as well as to allow for local laboratories could be used for weekly serum creatinine assessments that were required at the initiation of treatment and at the time of dose adjustments • Update the composite primary endpoint to include transformation to AML. Based upon recent data (Sanz et al 2008), iron overload could play a role in AML transformation in patients with MDS as patients with serum ferritin levels of ≥ 1000 ng/ml had a significantly higher rate of AML transformation than patients with serum ferritin levels of <1000 mg/ml. Given that progression to AML is an extremely significant medical event in terms of both morbidity and mortality, it was appropriate to include as part of the composite primary endpoint
    06 Jan 2011
    The inclusion/exclusion criteria were changed due to a greater than 90% pre-screen failure rate in patients for the study. The main purpose of the amendment was to: • Change the inclusion criteria to allow patients into the trial that had been previously iron chelated for no more than six months cumulatively (such as daily deferasirox (Exjade) or deferiprone or 5×/week deferoxamine) from only including those who were chelation naïve • Change the minimum number of transfused units of blood from 20 units to 15 units and patients entering the study could be transfused with at least 8 units of PRBC annually from 8 times annually • Serum creatinine entry criteria was changed from requiring serum creatinine >ULN at screening to serum creatinine >1.2 × ULN at screening • Clarify the exclusion criteria of prior diagnosis of liver cirrhosis defined as either an established diagnosis or diagnosis by liver biopsy or central ultrasound reading • Clarify that the exclusion criteria pertaining to left ventricular ejection fraction <50% by echocardiography was to be confirmed by the central reading facility used in this trial • Clarify the exclusion criteria, patients with a history of another malignancy within the past five years, with the exception of basal cell skin carcinoma or cervical carcinoma in situ, was expanded to include completely resected colonic polyps carcinoma in situ. • Screening visit period was revised to allow for a 35-day screening window
    21 Mar 2012
    The inclusion/exclusion criteria were modified to address the most common reasons for the 60% screen failure rate observed among patients that were screened for the study and were in alignment with the study steering committee discussions. This allowed MDS patients that were more commonly seen in the real-world setting as described by the Investigators to be enrolled, hence allowing more patients to participate in the study. The main purpose of the amendment was to: • Remove the upper limit of serum ferritin inclusion criterion so that patients qualify for inclusion if their serum ferritin was >1000 μg/L • Change the liver transaminases ALT/AST exclusion criterion from >2.5 × ULN at screening to ALT/AST >3.5 × ULN at screening • Change the exclusion criteria from total bilirubin >ULN at screening to total bilirubin >1.5 × ULN at screening • Change the exclusion criteria from serum creatinine >1.2 × ULN at screening to serum creatinine >1.5 × ULN at screening • Modify the component of the composite endpoint defining liver function impairment as reflected by ALT or AST changes in correspondence with the change in ALT/AST exclusion criterion from been >2 × the baseline value and >3 × ULN to >2 × the baseline value and >3.5 × ULN
    01 Aug 2013
    The main purpose of the amendment was to: • Change the study phase from phase III to phase II • Change the number of patients to be enrolled to at least 210 • Change the purpose of the study to evaluate clinical benefit instead of demonstrating superiority. The primary objective was changed from statistical comparison to descriptive evaluation of the effect of deferasirox and placebo with regard to event-free survival • Change overall survival from key secondary to secondary endpoint • To incorporate hematological function expressed in frequency/total amount of blood transfusions in the added endpoint of proportion of patients with hematologic improvement • Rename time to MDS progression and progression to AML to time to disease progression • Add the frequency and rate of infections requiring IV antimicrobials • Remove the interim analyses • Clarify that the duration of study was no longer events driven. The study was to be completed 3 years after the last patient was enrolled.
    22 Sep 2014
    At the time of writing this protocol amendment, 192 patients had been randomized in the study and 175 patients failed screening. The key points of the amendment are given below: • Excluded patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B and C). • Guidance on treating patients who develop moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B) during the trial and immediate discontinuation if severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) or Stevens-Johnson syndrome occurred • Guidance included on the use of contraception. • Guidance was added regarding treatment discontinuation of patients with creatinine clearance <40 mL/min or serum creatinine >2 time the age appropriate ULN, and caution in patients with creatinine clearance between 40 and less than 60 mL/min • Guidance on the concomitant administration of deferasirox with compounds metabolized through CYP3A4, CYP2C8, and CYP1A2; and the concomitant use of Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase inducers and bile acid sequestrants

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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