Clinical Trial Results:
An open, multicentric phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bendamustine, Lenalidomide (Revlimid®) and Dexamethasone (BRd) as 2nd-line therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Summary
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EudraCT number |
2010-022253-42 |
Trial protocol |
DE |
Global end of trial date |
25 Dec 2015
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Results information
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Results version number |
v1(current) |
This version publication date |
01 Dec 2021
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First version publication date |
01 Dec 2021
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Other versions |
Trial Information
Subject Disposition
Baseline Characteristics
End Points
Adverse Events
More Information
Subject Disposition
Baseline Characteristics
End Points
Adverse Events
More Information
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Trial identification
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Sponsor protocol code |
CTU10.041/BRd
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Additional study identifiers
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ISRCTN number |
- | ||
US NCT number |
NCT01701076 | ||
WHO universal trial number (UTN) |
- | ||
Sponsors
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Sponsor organisation name |
Kantonsspital St. Gallen Dept of Medical Oncology and Haematology Prof. Dr. Christoph Driessen
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Sponsor organisation address |
Rorschacher Str.95, St. Gallen, Switzerland, 9007
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Public contact |
Kantonsspital St. Gallen
Dept of Medical Oncology and Haematology
Prof. Dr. Christoph Driessen, Kantonsspital St. Gallen
Dept of Medical Oncology and Haematology
Prof. Dr. Christoph Driessen, 0041 714941162, christoph.driessen@kssg.ch
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Scientific contact |
Sponsor, Kantonsspital St. Gallen
Dept of Medical Oncology and Haematology
Prof. Dr. Christoph Driessen, 0041 714941162, christoph.driessen@kssg.ch
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Paediatric regulatory details
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Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP) |
No
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Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial? |
No
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Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial? |
No
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Results analysis stage
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Analysis stage |
Final
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Date of interim/final analysis |
25 Dec 2016
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Is this the analysis of the primary completion data? |
Yes
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Primary completion date |
25 Dec 2015
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Global end of trial reached? |
Yes
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Global end of trial date |
25 Dec 2015
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Was the trial ended prematurely? |
No
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General information about the trial
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Main objective of the trial |
To evaluate the efficacy of the combination of bendamustine, lenalidomide and dexamethasone as 2nd-line therapy in patients with refractory/ relapsed multiple myeloma as defined by the combined CR-/VGPR-rate being achieved during the induction treatment phase or within four weeks after administration of the last induction cycle of the BRd regimen.
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Protection of trial subjects |
1. Interim analysis was performed after the first 13 patients have been enrolled
1.1 Efficacy: 4 weeks after the 13th patient had completed the induction phase of the trial. If the number of patients with either complete response (CR) or very good partial response (VGPR) at this interim analysis is 3 or lower, the treatment would have been rejected and the study was stopped early. Otherwise, the trial would continue until a total of 43 patients have been accrued.
1.2 Safety: 4 weeks after the 13th patient had completed the induction phase, by examining the following observed adverse events: grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 4 thromboembolic events.
If > 3/13 patients experienced any of the described grade 4 adverse events, the trial would have been stopped.
2. Dose modifications in case of predefined AEs
3. Predefined prerequisites for each new treatment cycle
4. Mandatory concomitant medication in case of defined toxicities
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Background therapy |
Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta®) day 3 in case of severe neutropenia (treatment continued in all cycles of the induction phase, once pegfilgrastim treatment was indicated) severe neutropenia is defined as • Development of grade 4 neutropenia (ANC < 0.5 x 109/L) at any time of a treatment cycle • Early occurrence of an ANC < 0.75 x 109/L before or at day 15 of a treatment cycle • Any delay of the next treatment cycle due to neutropenia (i.e. due to persistent neutropenia ANC < 1.0 x 109/L on the scheduled day 1 of the following cycle as defined in 13.4) • Development of febrile neutropenia (defined as grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (ANC < 1.0 x 109/L) and fever >=38.5°C) ) | ||
Evidence for comparator |
not applicable | ||
Actual start date of recruitment |
01 Mar 2012
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Long term follow-up planned |
No
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Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement? |
No
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Population of trial subjects
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Number of subjects enrolled per country |
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Switzerland: 30
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Germany: 20
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Worldwide total number of subjects |
50
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EEA total number of subjects |
20
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Number of subjects enrolled per age group |
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In utero |
0
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Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk |
0
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Newborns (0-27 days) |
0
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Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) |
0
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Children (2-11 years) |
0
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Adolescents (12-17 years) |
0
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Adults (18-64 years) |
18
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From 65 to 84 years |
32
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85 years and over |
0
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Recruitment
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Recruitment details |
Patients were recruited at heamato-oncological clinics or practices in Switzerland and Germany Recruitment period: February 2012 until July 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-assignment
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Screening details |
Patients with - first relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received no more than one prior anti-myeloma treatment line. - measurable disease (serum M-protein level ≥ 1 g/dl or urine M-protein level ≥ 200 mg/24hours or serum FLC level ≥ 10 mg/dl ) - adequate haematological values - adequate hepatic and renal function | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period 1
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Period 1 title |
Induction treatment phase
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Is this the baseline period? |
Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Not applicable
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Blinding used |
Not blinded | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arms
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Arm title
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Induction treatment phase cycles 1 - ≤ 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
Induction treatment phase: Cycle 1 - 6, q 4 weeks, or until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity • Bendamustine: 75mg/m2 i.v., day 1 and 2 • Lenalidomide: 25 mg p.o., day 1-21 • Dexamethasone: 40/20mg p.o. day 1, 8, 15, 22 (40mg for patients ≤75 years and 20 mg for patients >75 years) Patients fulfilling all eligibility criteria were treated in a first period, in the induction treatment. A cycle was 28 days in length. In case of severe neutropenia, patients received Pegfilgrastim 6mg s.c., day 3 in all subsequent cycles. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
bendamustine
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Investigational medicinal product code |
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Other name |
Ribomustin®, LEVACT®
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Solution for infusion
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Routes of administration |
Infusion
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Dosage and administration details |
In the induction treatment phase, patients received Bendamustine 75 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 and day 2 of every 28 day cycle for a maximum of 6 cycles .
Bendamustine dose was calculated according to the BSA (body surface area). The BSA had to be determined within 3 days prior to each new cycle of the induction treatment phase.
After preparation according to the preparation guidelines of the SmPC and as outlined in the study protocol, bendamustine was administered by intravenous infusion over 30-60 minutes on days 1 and 2 of every cycle.
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Investigational medicinal product name |
lenalidomide
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Investigational medicinal product code |
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Other name |
Revlimid®
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Capsule
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Routes of administration |
Oral use
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Dosage and administration details |
Lenalidomide 25 mg was administered daily on d1-21 every 28 days during the induction treatment phase.
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Investigational medicinal product name |
dexamethasone
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Investigational medicinal product code |
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Capsule
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Routes of administration |
Oral use
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Dosage and administration details |
For patients ≤ 75 years of age, Dexamethasone was given on day 1, 8, 15, and 22 at a dose of 40 mg p.o. , for patients >75 years of age at a dose of 20mg p.o. of every 28 day cycle
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Notes [1] - The number of subjects at this milestone seems inconsistent with the number of subjects in the arm. It is expected that the number of subjects will be greater than, or equal to the number that completed, minus those who left. Justification: Patients could prematurely switch into the maintenance treatment phase without having completed all 6 induction treatment cycles. Further, not all patients completing the induction treatment have proceeded with the mainenance treatment. |
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Period 2
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Period 2 title |
Maintenance treatment phase
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Is this the baseline period? |
No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Not applicable
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Blinding used |
Not blinded | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arms
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Arm title
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Maintenance treatment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
Maintenance treatment phase: Cycle 7 – ≥18, q 4 weeks, or until PD or unacceptable toxicity. • Lenalidomide: 25 mg p.o., day 1-21 • Dexamethasone: 40/20mg p.o., day 1, 8, 15, 22 (40mg for patients ≤ 75 years and 20 mg for patients >75 years) All patients having completed the induction treatment phase could proceed with the maintenance treatment phase if they were without PD and/or unacceptable toxicity. Patients who had to terminate the preceding induction phase prematurely due to adverse events (AEs) could also proceed if there were no contraindications as specified in the SmPC of Revlimid® and if AEs improved to CTC grade ≤2 and the criteria for a new treatment cycle were met: • ANC ≥ 1.0 x 109/L, platelet counts ≥ 50 x 109/L • any other study-drug-related AE resolved to ≤ grade 2 • any allergic reaction/ hypersensitivity or sinus bradycardia/ other cardiac arrhythmia adverse event resolved to | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
lenalidomide
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Investigational medicinal product code |
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Other name |
Revlimid®
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Capsule
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Routes of administration |
Oral use
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Dosage and administration details |
Lenalidomide 25 mg was administered daily on d1-21 every 28 days during the induction treatment phase.
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Investigational medicinal product name |
dexamethasone
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Investigational medicinal product code |
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Capsule
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Routes of administration |
Oral use
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Dosage and administration details |
For patients ≤ 75 years of age, Dexamethasone was given on day 1, 8, 15, and 22 at a dose of 40 mg p.o. , for patients >75 years of age at a dose of 20mg p.o. of every 28 day cycle
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Baseline characteristics reporting groups
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Reporting group title |
Induction treatment phase
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Reporting group description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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End points reporting groups
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Reporting group title |
Induction treatment phase cycles 1 - ≤ 6
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Reporting group description |
Induction treatment phase: Cycle 1 - 6, q 4 weeks, or until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity • Bendamustine: 75mg/m2 i.v., day 1 and 2 • Lenalidomide: 25 mg p.o., day 1-21 • Dexamethasone: 40/20mg p.o. day 1, 8, 15, 22 (40mg for patients ≤75 years and 20 mg for patients >75 years) Patients fulfilling all eligibility criteria were treated in a first period, in the induction treatment. A cycle was 28 days in length. In case of severe neutropenia, patients received Pegfilgrastim 6mg s.c., day 3 in all subsequent cycles. | ||
Reporting group title |
Maintenance treatment
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Reporting group description |
Maintenance treatment phase: Cycle 7 – ≥18, q 4 weeks, or until PD or unacceptable toxicity. • Lenalidomide: 25 mg p.o., day 1-21 • Dexamethasone: 40/20mg p.o., day 1, 8, 15, 22 (40mg for patients ≤ 75 years and 20 mg for patients >75 years) All patients having completed the induction treatment phase could proceed with the maintenance treatment phase if they were without PD and/or unacceptable toxicity. Patients who had to terminate the preceding induction phase prematurely due to adverse events (AEs) could also proceed if there were no contraindications as specified in the SmPC of Revlimid® and if AEs improved to CTC grade ≤2 and the criteria for a new treatment cycle were met: • ANC ≥ 1.0 x 109/L, platelet counts ≥ 50 x 109/L • any other study-drug-related AE resolved to ≤ grade 2 • any allergic reaction/ hypersensitivity or sinus bradycardia/ other cardiac arrhythmia adverse event resolved to |
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End point title |
CR-/VGPR-rate achieved during the induction treatment phase or within four weeks after administration of the last induction cycle of the BRd regimen [1] | ||||||||||||||
End point description |
Combined CR (complete remission) and VGPR (very good partial remission rate) as defined by IMWG criteria achieved during the induction treatment phase or within 4 weeks after the last administration of the induction treatment phase.
Only patients who completed at least one cycle of study treatment and who could be assessed for the primary endpoint were considered to be evaluable for the primary endpoint.
Assessments or the primary endpoint were done as applicable according to IMWG criteria every 4 weeks:
• Quantitation of M-protein level in serum and urine (24 hours urine collection) by densitometry of protein electrophoresis. (SPEP and UPEP) or direct (nephelometric) serum-IgA-measurement,
• Quantitation of serum immunoglobulin levels
• Serum and urine immunofixation
• Free light chain concentrations in serum and ratio
• plasma cell percentage in the bone marrow by cytology + immunohistochemistry
• Radiologic assessments (CT/MRI)
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End point type |
Primary
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End point timeframe |
During the induction treatment phase (cycle 1-6) or within four weeks after administration of the last induction cycle of the BRd regimen (Bendamustine + lenalidomide (Revlimid) + dexamethasone)
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Notes [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point. Justification: The following information about primary endpont analysis can be made: A descriptive analysis was performed. For sample size calculation, a Simon's two-stge design was applied , with significance level of 5% and 80% power. P0=20% (if proportion of patients with response ≥VGPR is ≤20% , treatment is considered uninteresting), P1=40% (patients with either ≥ VGPR is ≥ 40% , treatment is considered promising) sample size = 43 Drop-outs were replaced. |
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No statistical analyses for this end point |
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End point title |
Objective response rates (sCR, CR, VGPR, PR, MR) achieved during the induction treatment phase or within four weeks after the last administration of six induction treatment cycles of the BRd-regimen | ||||||||||||||||
End point description |
Objective response rates sCR (stringent response), CR (complete response) and VGPR (very good partial response), PR partial response), MR (minor response) as defined by IMWG criteria achieved during the induction treatment phase or within four weeks after the last administration of of six induction cycles of the BRd regimen.
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End point type |
Secondary
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End point timeframe |
During the induction treatment phase (cycle 1-6) or within four weeks after administration of the last induction cycle of the BRd regimen (Bendamustine + lenalidomide (Revlimid) + dexamethasone)
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No statistical analyses for this end point |
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End point title |
Best response (sCR, CR, VGPR, PR, MR) achieved during the whole study duration | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
End point description |
Objective response rates sCR (stringent response), CR (complete response) and VGPR (very good partial response), PR partial response), MR (minor response) as defined by IMWG criteria achieved during the whole study treatment.
Assessments were done as applicable according to IMWG criteria every 4 weeks.
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End point type |
Secondary
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End point timeframe |
Within the whole study duration (cycle 1-18 comprising induction and maintenance treatment phase)
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No statistical analyses for this end point |
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Adverse events information
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Timeframe for reporting adverse events |
From date of informed consent until 30 days after end of study treatment (induction/maintenance treatment phase)
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Assessment type |
Non-systematic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
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Dictionary name |
CTCAE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary version |
4.0
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Reporting groups
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Reporting group title |
Induction & maintenance treatment phase
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Reporting group description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Substantial protocol amendments (globally) |
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Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes | |||
Date |
Amendment |
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21 Jun 2012 |
The safety cohort, as outlined in the preceding protocol version 1.1 (D)_16.01.2012 of the CTU10.041/BRd-study, was omitted. The safety data of the phase I/II study (RBP-01/08 / OSHO- #077) investigating the safety and tolerability of bendamustine 75mg/m2/d, p.o. on d1+2 and lenalidomide 25mg/d, p.o. on d1-21 have become available and were published at the 17th congress of the European Hematology Association in 2012, Abstract #0848) The data demonstrate the safety and tolerability of the target dose-level of bendamustine 75mg/m2/d, p.o. on d1+2 in combination with lenalidomide 25mg/d, p.o. on d1-21 in patients with pre-treated multiple myeloma. Thus, the safety cohort, was no longer necessary and the appropriate parts of the protocol were deleted (section 1, 3.2, 6, 14.1, 15).
Label Change of Ribomustin® in Levact®
Bendamustine-hydrochloride had received a marketing authorization in Germany and the following Member States of the EU: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom (UK) for the treatment of patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma. Concomitant with this authorization
a) the former German trade name Ribomustin® changed into Levact®
b) the safety information of the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) changed
The study protocol was changed appropriately in section 4.1 and 12.3.
To allow patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma without measurable M-protein in the serum or urine but with abnormal elevated serum free light chain concentrations to participate in this clinical trial, the inclusion criterion bullet point #4 in section 7.1 of the study protocol has been extended appropriately. Concomitantly, the efficacy assessments in section 9.2.3 and response criteria to assess the primary and secondary endpoints in section 14.2 and 14.3.1 and appendix 4 and 5 have been changed accordingly.
In |
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25 Apr 2013 |
Allowance to enrol patients with prior lenalidomide treatment: Modification of in-and exclusion criteria regarding the previous prohibition of prior treatment with lenalidomide prior to study entry
Extension of the inclusion criterion bullet point # 12 in section 7.1 of the protocol regarding enrolment of patients with prior malignancies
Possibility of patients to proceed trial treatment in the maintenance treatment phase if study treatment has to be prematurely terminated in the induction treatment phase due to toxicities.
Modification of Efficacy and Survival Assessments of patients withdrawn from study treatment
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17 Dec 2013 |
Due to low patient recruitment at the beginning of the study, the study duration was extended for additionally 24 months.
Extension of one inclusion criterion regarding the measurability of the disease
Patients with non-measurable MM by electrophoresis could be enrolled, if serum IgA levels were > ULN by direct serum-IgA measurement. Only in that case, direct IgA measurement should be used for response assessment.
Addition of further rules of drug modification in section 13.8 Bendamustine and Lenalidomide dose modifications for non-hematologic toxicity during a cycle
Due to emerging rash following bendamustine administration during study treatment, binding rules for dose modifications for bendamustine related rash became necessary.
Addition of further information regarding response assessment in section 14.3.1
and appendix 5
Due to the addition of a fourth possibility of disease measurement (direct IgA measurement in case of patients with non-measurable disease by electrophoresis but show serum IgA levels> ULN), response assessment had been concomitantly adopted.
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Interruptions (globally) |
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Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No | |||
Limitations and caveats |
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Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data. | |||
None reported |