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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Multicenter, open-label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy (by blinded reading) of Gadobutrol-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) after a single injection of 0.1 mmol/kg of Gadobutrol in subjects with known or suspected renal artery disease

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2010-023002-13
    Trial protocol
    CZ   DE   AT  
    Global end of trial date
    06 Jul 2012

    Results information
    Results version number
    v3(current)
    This version publication date
    07 Sep 2016
    First version publication date
    09 Nov 2014
    Other versions
    v1 , v2
    Version creation reason
    • New data added to full data set
    • Correction of full data set
    Bayer sponsor contact information to be updated
    Summary report(s)
    Bayer Study Synopsis

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    BAY 86-4875/91759
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01344460
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Bayer AG
    Sponsor organisation address
    Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee, Leverkusen, Germany, D-51368
    Public contact
    Therapeutic Area Head, Bayer AG, clinical-trials-contact@bayer.com
    Scientific contact
    Therapeutic Area Head, Bayer AG, clinical-trials-contact@bayer.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    06 Jul 2012
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    06 Jul 2012
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of gadobutrol-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) over two dimensional-Time of Flight (2D-ToF) MRA in subjects with known or suspected renal artery disease, as verified by: - superiority for structural delineation, - non-inferiority for the detection of clinically significant vascular disease, - non-inferiority for the exclusion of clinically significant vascular disease, - minimum performance for gadobutrol detection of clinically significant vascular disease, and - minimum performance for gadobutrol exclusion of clinically significant vascular disease using computed tomographic angiography (CTA) as the standard of reference (SoR) excluding the first objective, structural delineation.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The conduct of this clinical study met all local legal and regulatory requirements. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles that have their origin in the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization guideline E6: Good Clinical Practice. Before entering the study, the informed consent form was read by and explained to all subjects and/or their legally authorized representative. Participating subjects signed informed consent form and could withdraw from the study at any time without any disadvantage and without having to provide a reason for this decision. Only investigators qualified by training and experience were selected as appropriate experts to investigate the study drug.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    16 May 2011
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Switzerland: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Taiwan: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Turkey: 13
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 52
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 37
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Austria: 6
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Brazil: 31
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Colombia: 15
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czech Republic: 15
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 31
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 58
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 35
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    315
    EEA total number of subjects
    98
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    203
    From 65 to 84 years
    109
    85 years and over
    3

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The study was conducted at 55 study centers in 13 countries, between 16 May 2011 (first subject first visit) and 06 July 2012 (last subject last visit).

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    A total of 338 subjects were screened, of which 317 were enrolled and 315 received the study drug. The 23 subjects who did not receive the study drug included 9 screen failures and 12 premature discontinuations (10 subjects withdrew consent and 2 subjects for other reasons) and 2 subjects never received the study drug.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Gadobutrol (Gadavist, BAY 86-4875)
    Arm description
    Gadobutrol was administered to all subjects receiving study drug at the standard dose of 0.1 millimole per kilogram (mmol/kg) body weight (BW) by single intravenous (IV) bolus injection. During the course of the study, non-contrast MRA images were obtained before the administration of gadobutrol, and gadobutrol-enhanced MRA images were obtained after injection.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Gadobutrol
    Investigational medicinal product code
    BAY 86-4875
    Other name
    Gadovist, Gadavist
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous bolus use
    Dosage and administration details
    Gadobutrol was administered to all subjects receiving study drug at the standard dose of 0.1 mmol/kg BW by single IV bolus injection.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Gadobutrol (Gadavist, BAY 86-4875)
    Started
    315
    Completed
    312
    Not completed
    3
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
         Lost to follow-up
    2

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall Trial
    Reporting group description
    Gadobutrol was administered to all subjects receiving study drug at the standard dose of 0.1 mmol/kg BW by single IV bolus injection. During the course of the study, non-contrast MRA images were obtained before the administration of gadobutrol, and Gadobutrol-enhanced MRA images were obtained after injection.

    Reporting group values
    Overall Trial Total
    Number of subjects
    315 315
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        < 45 years
    92 92
        45 - 64 years
    111 111
        >= 65 years
    112 112
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    54.9 ( 16.9 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    145 145
        Male
    170 170
    Baseline Weight
    Units: kilogram(s)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    77.5 ( 16.9 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Gadobutrol (Gadavist, BAY 86-4875)
    Reporting group description
    Gadobutrol was administered to all subjects receiving study drug at the standard dose of 0.1 millimole per kilogram (mmol/kg) body weight (BW) by single intravenous (IV) bolus injection. During the course of the study, non-contrast MRA images were obtained before the administration of gadobutrol, and gadobutrol-enhanced MRA images were obtained after injection.

    Subject analysis set title
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set included those subjects in Full analysis set (FAS) who showed only Gadobutrol enhanced MRA image sets.

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety analysis set (SAF)
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    SAF included all subjects administered gadobutrol, including any subjects used for blinded reader training.

    Subject analysis set title
    Full analysis set (FAS)
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    FAS included all subjects who have both gadobutrol-enhanced and non-contrast (unenhanced) MRA image sets, and the SoR diagnosis were available (CTA was required to be interpretable and without technical problems). FAS excluded those subjects for who images were used for blinded reader training.

    Subject analysis set title
    Unenhanced MRA
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Unenhanced MRA set included those subjects in FAS who showed only unenhanced MRA image sets.

    Subject analysis set title
    Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA)
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    CTA included those subjects in FAS who showed only CTA scan image sets.

    Subject analysis set title
    CTA minus gadobutrol-enhanced MRA for blinded reading
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Subjects with CTA scan images minus gadobutrol-enhanced MRA images for blinded reading included in this set.

    Subject analysis set title
    CTA minus Unenhanced MRA for blinded reading
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Subjects with CTA scan images minus unenhanced MRA images for blinded reading included in this set.

    Primary: Percentage of Assessable Vascular Segments Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    Percentage of Assessable Vascular Segments Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA [1]
    End point description
    Each vascular segment was visualized using unenhanced MRA and gadobutrol-enhanced MRA, characterized by the on-site investigators, three independent blinded readers (reader 1, 2 and 3) and majority readers (the outcome determined by at least two of the blinded readers). The segments were predefined to standardize the blinded reader evaluations. A segment was assessable if it was visualized along its entire length and if any region of stenosis, was measured reliably. There were 6 segments assessed per subject (3 segments in the right renal artery and 3 segments in the left renal artery) and up to 9 segments in subjects with renal transplant. In below table, "n/n" signifies the number of subjects/segments that were evaluable in specified category of each group.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: EudraCT format does auto-adding of number of subjects analysed while reporting an explorative analysis of two treatment groups. Due to this format constrains, we have uploaded charts with the accurate details of statistical analyses for this endpoint. Please find the statistical analyses in the attachment below.
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [2]
    292 [3]
    Units: Percentage of segments
    number (not applicable)
        Majority reader (n=292/1752)
    95.9
    77.6
        Blinded reader 1 (n=292/1746)
    98.1
    81.7
        Blinded reader 2 (n=292/1752)
    95.5
    71.5
        Blinded reader 3 (n=292/1734)
    95.5
    78.1
        Clinical investigators (n=292/1764)
    94.4
    68.9
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: 91759_Statistical Analyses_Primary OM_Assessability.docx)
    Notes
    [2] - FAS
    [3] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Sensitivity for Detection of Clinically Significant Disease Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    Sensitivity for Detection of Clinically Significant Disease Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA [4]
    End point description
    Clinically significant disease was defined as 50 to 99 percent (%) stenosis of a segment, but not occluded as assessed by the SoR. For each segment, the most severe stenosis/narrowing was identified and considered for the evaluation of clinically significant disease. In the below table, "n" signifies subjects who were evaluable for the specified parameter for each arm, respectively. In below table, "n/n" signifies the number of subjects/segments that were evaluable in specified category of each group
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    Notes
    [4] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: EudraCT format does auto-adding of number of subjects analysed while reporting an explorative analysis of two treatment groups. Due to this format constrains, we have uploaded charts with the accurate details of statistical analyses for this endpoint. Please find the statistical analyses in the attachment below.
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [5]
    292 [6]
    Units: percentage of Sensitivity
    number (not applicable)
        Majority reader (n=93/133)
    53.4
    46.6
        Blinded reader 1 (n=93/133)
    51.9
    51.1
        Blinded reader 2 (n=93/133)
    54.1
    39.1
        Blinded reader 3 (n=93/133)
    52.6
    50.4
        Clinical investigators (n=113/140)
    69.3
    50
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: 91759_Statistical Analysis_Primary OM_Sensitivity.docx)
    Notes
    [5] - FAS
    [6] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Specificity for Exclusion of Clinically Significant Disease Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    Specificity for Exclusion of Clinically Significant Disease Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA [7]
    End point description
    Clinically significant disease (stenosis) was defined as 50 to 99 percent (%) stenosis of a segment, but not occluded as assessed by the SoR. For each segment, the most severe stenosis/narrowing was identified and considered for the evaluation of clinically significant disease. Specificity = percentage of subjects for which the imaging modalities (unenhanced or gadobutrol-enhanced) in the detection and exclusion of clinically significant stenosis. In below table, "n/n" signifies the number of subjects/segments that were evaluable in specified category of each group.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    Notes
    [7] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: EudraCT format does auto-adding of number of subjects analysed while reporting an explorative analysis of two treatment groups. Due to this format constrains, we have uploaded charts with the accurate details of statistical analyses for this endpoint. Please find the statistical analyses in the attachment below.
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [8]
    292 [9]
    Units: Percentage of Specificity
    number (not applicable)
        Majority reader (n=292/1605)
    94.8
    85.7
        Blinded reader 1 (n=292/1605)
    94.4
    83.1
        Blinded reader 2 (n=292/1605)
    94.8
    85
        Blinded reader 3 (n=292/1605)
    94
    80.7
        Clinical investigators (n=292/1598)
    96.5
    83.5
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: 91759_Statistical Analysis_Primary OM_Specificity.docx)
    Notes
    [8] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    [9] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Minimum Gadobutrol Performance for Sensitivity: Sensitivity > 50%

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    End point title
    Minimum Gadobutrol Performance for Sensitivity: Sensitivity > 50% [10]
    End point description
    Clinically significant disease was defined as >50% stenosis of a segment, but not occluded as assessed by the SoR. For each segment, the most severe stenosis/narrowing was identified and considered for the evaluation of clinically significant disease. Gadobutrol minimum performance criteria was based on a stenosis of 50% calculated from the native vessel diameter. In the below table, "n" signifies subjects who were evaluable for the specified parameter for each arm, respectively. In below table, "n/n" signifies the number of subjects/segments that were evaluable in specified category.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    Notes
    [10] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: EudraCT format does auto-adding of number of subjects analysed while reporting an explorative analysis of two treatment groups. Due to this format constrains, we have uploaded charts with the accurate details of statistical analyses for this endpoint. Please find the statistical analyses in the attachment below.
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [11]
    Units: Percentage of sensitivity
    number (not applicable)
        Majority reader (n=84/119)
    54.6
        Blinded reader 1 (n=91/128)
    51.6
        Blinded reader 2 (n=82/114)
    54.4
        Blinded reader 3 (n=83/118)
    53.4
        Clinical investigators (n=108/129)
    71.3
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: 91759_Statistical Analysis_Primary OM_Sensitivity_50.docx)
    Notes
    [11] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Minimum Gadobutrol Performance for Specificity: Specificity > 50%

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    End point title
    Minimum Gadobutrol Performance for Specificity: Specificity > 50% [12]
    End point description
    Clinically significant disease (stenosis) was defined as >50% stenosis of a segment, but not occluded as assessed by the SoR. For each segment, the most severe stenosis/narrowing was identified and considered for the evaluation of clinically significant disease. Gadobutrol minimum performance criteria was based on a stenosis of 50% calculated from the native vessel diameter. In the below table, "n" signifies subjects who were evaluable for the specified parameter for each arm, respectively. In below table, "n/n" signifies the number of subjects/segments that were evaluable in specified category.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    Notes
    [12] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: EudraCT format does auto-adding of number of subjects analysed while reporting an explorative analysis of two treatment groups. Due to this format constrains, we have uploaded charts with the accurate details of statistical analyses for this endpoint. Please find the statistical analyses in the attachment below.
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [13]
    Units: Percentage of specifity
    number (not applicable)
        Majority reader (n=291/1555)
    95.9
        Blinded reader 1 (n=292/1585)
    95
        Blinded reader 2 (n=291/1554)
    96.2
        Blinded reader 3 (n=290/1544)
    95.8
        Clinical investigators (n=289/1535)
    98.4
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: 91759_Statistical Analysis_Primary OM_Specificity_50.docx)
    Notes
    [13] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Length of the right and left renal arteries assessed by gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and unenhanced MRA - Blinded reader

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    End point title
    Length of the right and left renal arteries assessed by gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and unenhanced MRA - Blinded reader
    End point description
    The length of the left and right renal arteries were measured from the origin at the aorta to the bifurcation into the upper and lower pole arteries or the most distal point of the renal artery which could be visualized. This distal margin was the point where the diameter was still assessable. If there were more than 2 distal branches then the first large branch that was the dominant supply to a renal pole was used as the distal point.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [14]
    292 [15]
    Units: millimeter(s) (mm)
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Left renal artery- Blind reader 1
    35.07 ( 11.76 )
    32.25 ( 11.32 )
        Right renal artery - Blind reader 1
    46.23 ( 14.01 )
    43.05 ( 14.34 )
        Left renal artery- Blind reader 2
    35.07 ( 11.76 )
    32.15 ( 11.35 )
        Right renal artery - Blind reader 2
    46.27 ( 14.01 )
    42.95 ( 14.42 )
        Left renal artery- Blind reader 3
    35.07 ( 11.76 )
    32.64 ( 12.74 )
        Right renal artery - Blind reader 3
    46.23 ( 14 )
    43.05 ( 14.34 )
    Notes
    [14] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    [15] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Length of the right and left renal arteries assessed by computed tomographic angiography (CTA) - blinded reader

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    End point title
    Length of the right and left renal arteries assessed by computed tomographic angiography (CTA) - blinded reader
    End point description
    The length of the left and right renal arteries were measured from the origin at the aorta to the bifurcation into the upper and lower pole arteries or the most distal point of the renal artery which could be visualized. This distal margin was the point where the diameter was still assessable. If there were more than 2 distal branches then the first large branch that was the dominant supply to a renal pole was used as the distal point.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA)
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [16]
    Units: millimeter(s) (mm)
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Left renal artery- CTA Blind reader 4
    36.59 ( 12.14 )
        Right renal artery - CTA Blind reader 4
    48.44 ( 14.51 )
        Left renal artery- CTA Blind reader 5
    36.59 ( 12.14 )
        Right renal artery - CTA Blind reader 5
    48.44 ( 14.5 )
        Left renal artery- CTA Blind reader 6
    36.59 ( 12.14 )
        Right renal artery - CTA Blind reader 6
    48.45 ( 14.5 )
    Notes
    [16] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Mean Difference in Vessel Diameter (millimeter [mm]) at Normal and Narrowest point assessed by gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and unenhanced MRA compared to CTA

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    End point title
    Mean Difference in Vessel Diameter (millimeter [mm]) at Normal and Narrowest point assessed by gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and unenhanced MRA compared to CTA
    End point description
    The segment evaluated to have a reduction in diameter of greater than 10% was considered abnormal and measured. The diameter of each of these abnormal segments was measured using electronic calipers (perpendicular to the long axis of the vessel) at the point of most severe stenosis within each segment. The mean of vessel diameters was calculated by segment across readers separately for CTA and MRA readers. In below table, "n" signifies the number of segments that were evaluable in specified category.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    CTA minus gadobutrol-enhanced MRA for blinded reading CTA minus Unenhanced MRA for blinded reading
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [17]
    292 [18]
    Units: millimeter
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Vessel DIA at normal point: BRs (n=298; 320)
    -0.09 ( 1.14 )
    0.17 ( 1.28 )
        Vessel DIA at narrowest point: BRs (n=298; 320)
    -0.15 ( 1.01 )
    0.41 ( 1.15 )
    Notes
    [17] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    [18] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: The Percentage of Location of Stenosis >= 50% (Within and Beyond 5 millimeter From the Aorta) in the Proximal Segments Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    The Percentage of Location of Stenosis >= 50% (Within and Beyond 5 millimeter From the Aorta) in the Proximal Segments Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA
    End point description
    Location within the right and left proximal segment was based on the point of greatest stenosis and was recorded for stenosis >=50% as: - Within 5 mm of the aorta (or occlusion proximal to the origin of the segment) - Beyond 5 mm from the aorta. In below table, "n" signifies the number of segments that were evaluable in specified category of each group.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [19]
    292 [20]
    Units: Percentage of location
    number (not applicable)
        Within 5 mm of the aorta BR 1 (n=105; 110)
    26.4
    22.9
        Within 5 mm of the aorta BR 2 (n=39; 83)
    73.5
    71.8
        Within 5 mm of the aorta BR 3 (n=87; 83)
    25.3
    21.8
        Beyond 5 mm from the aorta BR 1 (n=105; 110)
    73.6
    77.1
        Beyond 5 mm from the aorta BR 2 (n=39; 83)
    26.5
    28.2
        Beyond 5 mm from the aorta BR 3 (n=87; 83)
    74.7
    78.2
    Notes
    [19] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    [20] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: The Percentage of Segments With Artifacts Presence

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    End point title
    The Percentage of Segments With Artifacts Presence
    End point description
    Artifacts were collected for the MRA images on a segmental basis. In the below table, "n" signifies number of subjects that were evaluable for the specified category.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [21]
    292 [22]
    Units: percentage of subjects
    number (not applicable)
        Blinded Reader 1
    97.4
    92.3
        Blinded Reader 2
    22.1
    80.4
        Blinded Reader 3
    41.5
    97.4
    Notes
    [21] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    [22] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Artifacts Assessed by Gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA by Blinded Reader 1

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    End point title
    Types of Artifacts Assessed by Gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA by Blinded Reader 1
    End point description
    The following types of artifacts were considered: Motion artifact (including pulsatility, breathing, swallowing), venous opacification, saturation artifact (for example [eg], in-plane flow, turbulence, dephasing, saturation band), susceptibility artifacts (including devices, eg, stents), ringing artifact (eg, bands), bolus timing error, and other (artifact not specified above or no artifact).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [23]
    292 [24]
    Units: Percentage of segments
    number (not applicable)
        Motion artifact
    17.5
    81.4
        Venous opacification
    4.8
    15.1
        Saturation artifact
    0.2
    0.4
        Susceptibility artifacts
    0
    0.1
        Other
    5
    7.2
    Notes
    [23] - Subjects in FAS with artifacts presence.
    [24] - Subjects in FAS with artifacts presence.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Artifacts Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA by Blinded Reader 2

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    End point title
    Types of Artifacts Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA by Blinded Reader 2
    End point description
    The following types of artifacts were considered: Motion artifact (including pulsatility, breathing, swallowing), venous opacification, saturation artifact (eg, in-plane flow, turbulence, dephasing, saturation band), susceptibility artifacts (including devices, eg, stents), ringing artifact (eg, bands), bolus timing error, and other (artifact not specified above or no artifact).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [25]
    292 [26]
    Units: Percentage of segments
    number (not applicable)
        Motion artifact
    5.4
    57.1
        Venous opacification
    12
    9.6
        Saturation artifact
    0.2
    24.4
        Susceptibility artifacts
    3.6
    6
        Ringing artifact
    0.6
    1.4
        Bolus timing error
    1.7
    1.4
        Other
    1.7
    6.5
    Notes
    [25] - Subjects in FAS with artifacts presence.
    [26] - Subjects in FAS with artifacts presence.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Artifacts Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA by Blinded Reader 3

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    End point title
    Types of Artifacts Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA by Blinded Reader 3
    End point description
    The following types of artifacts were considered: Motion artifact (including pulsatility, breathing, swallowing), venous opacification, saturation artifact (eg, in-plane flow, turbulence, dephasing, saturation band), susceptibility artifacts (including devices, eg, stents), ringing artifact (eg, bands), bolus timing error, and other (artifact not specified above or no artifact).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [27]
    292 [28]
    Units: Percentage of segments
    number (not applicable)
        Motion artifact
    32.8
    96.2
        Venous opacification
    14.2
    34.5
        Saturation artifact
    3
    56
        Susceptibility artifacts
    4
    7
        Ringing artifact
    6.7
    7
        Bolus timing error
    0.3
    1.5
        Other
    0.7
    0.2
    Notes
    [27] - Subjects in FAS with artifacts presence.
    [28] - Subjects in FAS with artifacts presence.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: The Percentage of Accessory (Non-dominant) Renal Artery Presence Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    The Percentage of Accessory (Non-dominant) Renal Artery Presence Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA
    End point description
    An accessory renal artery was defined as an additional, non-dominant, renal artery typically emanating from the aorta and anastomosing distal to the proximal third, segment of that renal artery. It was recorded only as present or absent on the right and left, regardless of how many accessory renal arteries were present.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [29]
    292 [30]
    Units: Percentage of accessory
    number (not applicable)
        Left side: Reader 1
    7.2
    0.7
        Right side: Reader 1
    9.2
    1.4
        Left side: Reader 2
    15.4
    2.7
        Right side: Reader 2
    17.8
    3.1
        Left side: Reader 3
    13.4
    5.8
        Right side: Reader 3
    16.4
    4.5
        Left side: Clinical investigators
    18.2
    11.6
        Right side: Clinical investigators
    19.2
    12.7
    Notes
    [29] - FAS
    [30] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: The Presence of any Aneurysmal Dilatation in Each Segment (Proximal, Mid- and Distal) in the Right and the Left Renal Arteries Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    The Presence of any Aneurysmal Dilatation in Each Segment (Proximal, Mid- and Distal) in the Right and the Left Renal Arteries Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA
    End point description
    Any focal dilatation (aneurysmal dilatation) of a segment was recorded. The diameter at the widest point was measured with the electronic calipers if a dilatation was present in any segment. The number of subjects with an aneurysmal dilatation in each segment (proximal, mid- and distal) in the right and the left renal arteries assessed by gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and unenhanced MRA were reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [31]
    292 [32]
    Units: Percentage of subjects
    number (not applicable)
        Right : Proximal
    0.3
    0
        Right : Mid
    1
    0
        Right : Distal
    1.4
    0
        Left : Proximal
    0
    0
        Left : Mid
    0.3
    0.3
        Left : Distal
    0.7
    0.3
    Notes
    [31] - FAS
    [32] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: The Percentage of Subjects With Diagnosis of Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Arteriosclerosis Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    The Percentage of Subjects With Diagnosis of Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Arteriosclerosis Assessed by Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA
    End point description
    Any focal dilatation (aneurysmal dilatation) of a segment was recorded. The diameter at the widest point was measured with the electronic calipers if a dilatation was present in any segment. The number of participants with an aneurysmal dilatation in each segment (proximal, mid- and distal) in the right and the left renal arteries assessed by gadobutrol-enhanced MRA and unenhanced MRA were reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [33]
    292 [34]
    Units: Percentage of subjects
    number (not applicable)
        Fibromuscular dysplasia : reader 1
    2.7
    0.7
        Arteriosclerotic : reader 1
    16.4
    12
        Fibromuscular dysplasia : reader 2
    4.1
    0
        Arteriosclerotic : reader 2
    38.4
    18.8
        Fibromuscular dysplasia : reader 3
    6.2
    0.7
        Arteriosclerotic : reader 3
    41.1
    54.5
    Notes
    [33] - FAS
    [34] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Diagnostic Confidence by the Blinded Readers Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA

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    End point title
    Diagnostic Confidence by the Blinded Readers Using Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA and Unenhanced MRA
    End point description
    Diagnostic confidence was evaluated to determine the level of certainty that the blinded readers assigned to a diagnosis for each segment. This was defined as the degree of confidence that the information on the MRA images represented the true and complete clinical picture of a particular segment. The degree of confidence was rated on a 4-point scale: 1 = Not confident, 2 = Somewhat confident, 3 = Confident, and 4 = Very confident. In the below table, "n" signifies the number of segments that were evaluable in specified category of each group.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [35]
    292 [36]
    Units: Units on scale
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Blinded reader 1 (n=1728, 1745)
    3 ( 0.8 )
    1.9 ( 0.7 )
        Blinded reader 2 (n=1729, 1745)
    3.5 ( 0.8 )
    2.1 ( 1 )
        Blinded reader 3 (n=1737, 1749)
    3.5 ( 0.8 )
    2.2 ( 0.9 )
    Notes
    [35] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    [36] - Evaluable subjects in FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: The Percentage of Subjects With Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers and the Clinical Investigator After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA Images

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    End point title
    The Percentage of Subjects With Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers and the Clinical Investigator After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA Images
    End point description
    A measure of diagnostic value was the reduction in the number of additional diagnostic imaging studies recommended/ordered. The clinical investigators and the blinded readers were asked if they had recommended an additional imaging study for each subject, and the data were recorded.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    292 [37]
    292 [38]
    Units: Percentage of subjects
    number (not applicable)
        Reader: 1
    41.4
    96.6
        Reader: 2
    14
    77.1
        Reader: 3
    8.6
    44.9
        Clinical investigators
    18.8
    43.5
    Notes
    [37] - FAS
    [38] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA images – Blinded Reader 1

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    End point title
    Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA images – Blinded Reader 1
    End point description
    An additional imaging study recommended was specified from the following list: Non-contrast MRA, Contrast-enhanced MRA, CTA, Ultrasound, Digital subtraction catheter angiogram (DSCA), and Nuclear medicine study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    121 [39]
    282 [40]
    Units: Subjects
        Non-contrast MRA
    0
    2
        Contrast-enhanced MRA
    1
    0
        CTA
    120
    280
        Ultrasound
    0
    0
        DSCA
    0
    0
        Nuclear medicine study
    0
    0
    Notes
    [39] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    [40] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA images – Blinded Reader 2

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    End point title
    Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA images – Blinded Reader 2
    End point description
    An additional imaging study recommended was specified from the following list: Non-contrast MRA, Contrast-enhanced MRA, CTA, Ultrasound, DSCA, and Nuclear medicine study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    41 [41]
    225 [42]
    Units: Subjects
        Non-contrast MRA
    0
    0
        Contrast-enhanced MRA
    0
    114
        CTA
    39
    110
        Ultrasound
    1
    1
        DSCA
    1
    0
        Nuclear medicine study
    0
    0
    Notes
    [41] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    [42] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA images – Blinded Reader 3

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    End point title
    Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Blinded Readers After Evaluation of the Gadobutrol-Enhanced and Unenhanced MRA images – Blinded Reader 3
    End point description
    An additional imaging study recommended was specified from the following list: Non-contrast MRA, Contrast-enhanced MRA, CTA, Ultrasound, DSCA, and Nuclear medicine study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    25 [43]
    131 [44]
    Units: Subjects
        Non-contrast MRA
    0
    1
        Contrast-enhanced MRA
    1
    14
        CTA
    22
    116
        Ultrasound
    0
    0
        DSCA
    2
    0
        Nuclear medicine study
    0
    0
    Notes
    [43] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    [44] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Clinical Investigator After Evaluation of the Unenhanced and Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA Images

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    End point title
    Types of Additional Imaging Studies Recommended by the Clinical Investigator After Evaluation of the Unenhanced and Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA Images
    End point description
    An additional imaging study recommended was specified from the following list: Non-contrast MRA, Contrast-enhanced MRA, CTA, Ultrasound, DSCA, and Nuclear medicine study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Images were taken pre-injection and post-injection
    End point values
    Gadobutrol-Enhanced MRA set Unenhanced MRA
    Number of subjects analysed
    55 [45]
    127 [46]
    Units: Subjects
        Non-contrast MRA
    0
    0
        Contrast-enhanced MRA
    2
    114
        CTA
    50
    12
        Ultrasound
    0
    0
        Nuclear medicine study
    3
    1
    Notes
    [45] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    [46] - FAS with subjects who were recommended for additional imaging studies.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events (AEs) were assessed from the time the consent was signed until 72 (+/-6) hours follow-up after the study MRA and continued until the end of the study (either the 72 hour follow-up or the CTA, if performed after the MRA as part of the study
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    15.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Gadobutrol (Gadavist, BAY 86-4875)
    Reporting group description
    Gadobutrol was administered to all subjects receiving study drug at the standard dose of 0.1 mmol/kg BW by single IV bolus injection. During the course of the study, non-contrast MRA images were obtained before the administration of gadobutrol, and Gadobutrol-enhanced MRA images were obtained after injection.

    Serious adverse events
    Gadobutrol (Gadavist, BAY 86-4875)
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 315 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Gadobutrol (Gadavist, BAY 86-4875)
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 315 (4.44%)
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 315 (2.22%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 315 (2.54%)
         occurrences all number
    8

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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