Clinical Trial Results:
The Relative Effectiveness of Pumps Over MDI and Structured Education.
Summary
|
|
EudraCT number |
2010-023198-21 |
Trial protocol |
GB |
Global end of trial date |
25 Jun 2015
|
Results information
|
|
Results version number |
v1(current) |
This version publication date |
10 May 2017
|
First version publication date |
10 May 2017
|
Other versions |
Trial Information
Subject Disposition
Baseline Characteristics
End Points
Adverse Events
More Information
Subject Disposition
Baseline Characteristics
End Points
Adverse Events
More Information
|
|||
Trial identification
|
|||
Sponsor protocol code |
STH15295
|
||
Additional study identifiers
|
|||
ISRCTN number |
ISRCTN61215213 | ||
US NCT number |
- | ||
WHO universal trial number (UTN) |
- | ||
Sponsors
|
|||
Sponsor organisation name |
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
|
||
Sponsor organisation address |
Clinical Research Office Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, D Floor, Glossop Road, Sheffield, United Kingdom, S10 2JF
|
||
Public contact |
Dr Erica Wallis, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, erica.wallis@sth.nhs.uk
|
||
Scientific contact |
Dr Erica Wallis, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, erica.wallis@sth.nhs.uk
|
||
Paediatric regulatory details
|
|||
Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP) |
No
|
||
Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial? |
No
|
||
Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial? |
No
|
||
Results analysis stage
|
|||
Analysis stage |
Final
|
||
Date of interim/final analysis |
29 Feb 2016
|
||
Is this the analysis of the primary completion data? |
Yes
|
||
Primary completion date |
15 Jun 2015
|
||
Global end of trial reached? |
Yes
|
||
Global end of trial date |
25 Jun 2015
|
||
Was the trial ended prematurely? |
No
|
||
General information about the trial
|
|||
Main objective of the trial |
To assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of insulin pump therapy compared to multiple daily injections for adults with type 1 diabetes, with both groups receiving equivalent structured training in flexible insulin therapy.
|
||
Protection of trial subjects |
Participants were provided with a contact card and encouraged to get in touch with their diabetes team if they had experienced any adverse health events. Any that were not picked up through general contact were identified at follow up visits through educators enquiring about problems that the patients have had. SAEs were reported in accordance with the study SOPs. SAEs were assessed by the local principal investigator and reported to Sheffield CTRU within 24 hours, with the exception of events that had been stated as exempt from immediate reporting, where 28 days were allowed. These exemptions were: episodes of severe hypoglycaemia requiring hospitalisation; episodes of DKA; and, pregnancy. SAEs were assessed for; seriousness, frequency, intensity, relationship to study product and, where applicable, relationship to pump. SAEs were monitored throughout the trial by the Trial Steering Committee and Data Monitoring Committee.
|
||
Background therapy |
The DAFNE course is a one-week structured education course teaching adults with T1DM skills in insulin self-adjustment and carbohydrate counting. The DAFNE course is designed to teach individuals with diabetes how to live a less restricted life, whilst effectively keeping blood sugar levels under control, therefore minimizing long-term health complications associated with diabetes. The key modules are: what is diabetes?; food and diabetes; insulin management; management of hypoglycaemia; sick day rules. Courses are conducted over five consecutive days, providing an average of 38 hours of structured education, delivered to groups of 5-8 adults aged 18 years or above, in an outpatient setting. Courses are delivered by diabetes specialist nurses and dietitians. | ||
Evidence for comparator |
We aimed to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of insulin pump therapy compared to multiple daily injections (MDI) for people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), when both have received high quality structured education. The purchase and use of pumps is more expensive than MDI. Pumps may be used by around 40% of people with Type 1 diabetes in the USA and over 15% in Europe. In contrast, the proportion in the UK was around 6% in adults in 2012. Proponents of pump treatment have proposed that far more patients should be offered treatment in the UK and that current policies are depriving many of the opportunity to improve glycaemic control, reduce hypoglycaemia and improve quality of life. The UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) have recently extended recommendations for the use of pumps in adults with T1DM. The guidance suggests that pump treatment be considered for individuals experiencing problems with hypoglycaemia particularly when this limits the ability to improve glycaemic control. NICE have noted the paucity of evidence for efficacy from RCTs. We hypothesised that much of the benefit of pumps may come from the re-training and education in intensive insulin management that allows patients to use pumps safely. | ||
Actual start date of recruitment |
23 Nov 2012
|
||
Long term follow-up planned |
No
|
||
Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement? |
Yes
|
||
Population of trial subjects
|
|||
Number of subjects enrolled per country |
|||
Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
United Kingdom: 267
|
||
Worldwide total number of subjects |
267
|
||
EEA total number of subjects |
267
|
||
Number of subjects enrolled per age group |
|||
In utero |
0
|
||
Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk |
0
|
||
Newborns (0-27 days) |
0
|
||
Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) |
0
|
||
Children (2-11 years) |
0
|
||
Adolescents (12-17 years) |
0
|
||
Adults (18-64 years) |
257
|
||
From 65 to 84 years |
10
|
||
85 years and over |
0
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Recruitment
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Recruitment details |
Recruitment took place from November 2011 till April 2013 in eight secondary care diabetes centres in Sheffield, Cambridge, Dumfries & Galloway, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Harrogate, London and Nottingham | ||||||||||||||||||
Pre-assignment
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Screening details |
Invited to take part n=1278 Responders n=885 (69%) Interested to take part n=362 (41%) Eligible n=334 (92%) Eligible & consented to take part n= 321 (96%) Dropped out prior to randomisation n=4 Randomised n=317 Allocated to CSII n=156, MDI n=161 Dropped out prior to intervention n=50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Period 1
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Period 1 title |
Baseline
|
||||||||||||||||||
Is this the baseline period? |
Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Randomised - controlled
|
||||||||||||||||||
Blinding used |
Not blinded | ||||||||||||||||||
Arms
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Are arms mutually exclusive |
Yes
|
||||||||||||||||||
Arm title
|
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | ||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Insulin aspart (NovoRapid®)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product code |
|||||||||||||||||||
Other name |
|||||||||||||||||||
Pharmaceutical forms |
Solution for injection/infusion
|
||||||||||||||||||
Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
|
||||||||||||||||||
Dosage and administration details |
Participants received insulin aspart (NovoRapid®) via the Medtronic MiniMed Paradigm Veo Insulin pump (model 754)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Arm title
|
Multiple daily injections (MDI) | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Active comparator | ||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Insulin detemir (Levemir®)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product code |
|||||||||||||||||||
Other name |
|||||||||||||||||||
Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
|
||||||||||||||||||
Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
|
||||||||||||||||||
Dosage and administration details |
Insulin detemir (Levemir®) is to be administered subcutaneously, once or twice daily. The dose is adjusted individually depending on the subjects’ needs.
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Period 2
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Period 2 title |
Follow up 24m
|
||||||||||||||||||
Is this the baseline period? |
No | ||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Randomised - controlled
|
||||||||||||||||||
Blinding used |
Not blinded | ||||||||||||||||||
Arms
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Are arms mutually exclusive |
Yes
|
||||||||||||||||||
Arm title
|
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | ||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Insulin aspart (NovoRapid®)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product code |
|||||||||||||||||||
Other name |
|||||||||||||||||||
Pharmaceutical forms |
Solution for injection/infusion
|
||||||||||||||||||
Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
|
||||||||||||||||||
Dosage and administration details |
Participants received insulin aspart (NovoRapid®) via the Medtronic MiniMed Paradigm Veo Insulin pump (model 754)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Arm title
|
Multiple daily injections (MDI) | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Active comparator | ||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Insulin detemir (Levemir®)
|
||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product code |
|||||||||||||||||||
Other name |
|||||||||||||||||||
Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
|
||||||||||||||||||
Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
|
||||||||||||||||||
Dosage and administration details |
Insulin detemir (Levemir®) is to be administered subcutaneously, once or twice daily. The dose is adjusted individually depending on the subjects’ needs.
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baseline characteristics reporting groups
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group title |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group title |
Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group description |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||
End points reporting groups
|
|||
Reporting group title |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)
|
||
Reporting group description |
- | ||
Reporting group title |
Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||
Reporting group description |
- | ||
Reporting group title |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)
|
||
Reporting group description |
- | ||
Reporting group title |
Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||
Reporting group description |
- | ||
Subject analysis set title |
ITT
|
||
Subject analysis set type |
Intention-to-treat | ||
Subject analysis set description |
a) all participants randomised to either MDI or CSII
b) at least one HbA1c measurement after baseline
c) treatment assignment as randomised
|
||
Subject analysis set title |
Per protocol (baseline HbA1c>=7.5%)
|
||
Subject analysis set type |
Per protocol | ||
Subject analysis set description |
a) subset of ITT set meeting compliance criteria defined by
- Adherence to DAFNE course: in general, a participant was adherent to the course if they attended at least 4 of the 5 days, including the first 2 days (as adjudicated by the course leader).
- Adherence to the pump or MDI: a participant was classed as adherent to treatment if they adhered to the pump/MDI for the full two years (excluding any reasonable temporary interruptions of around 2 weeks).
|
||
Subject analysis set title |
Primary ITT (baseline HbA1c>=7.5%)
|
||
Subject analysis set type |
Intention-to-treat | ||
Subject analysis set description |
Change in HbA1c among participants with baseline >=7.5% / 58mmol/mol (Primary analysis population)
|
||
Subject analysis set title |
Complete case, baseline HbA1c>=7.5%
|
||
Subject analysis set type |
Modified intention-to-treat | ||
Subject analysis set description |
Subset of participants with baseline HbA1c>=7.5%/58mmol/mol and who were followed up to 24 months
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
End point title |
Change in HbA1c in participants whose baseline HbA1c was ≥ 7.5% | ||||||||||||||||||||
End point description |
|||||||||||||||||||||
End point type |
Primary
|
||||||||||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Attachments |
Forest plot |
||||||||||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
The mean change in HbA1c at 24 months post DAFNE course was compared between those allocated to CSII and MDI using a mixed effects model. The model was adjusted for clustering by DAFNE course (random effect), centre, and baseline HbA1c (fixed effects). The mean (SD) HbA1c change from baseline for the CSII and MDI groups and the number in each group are displayed. The efficacy of the intervention is reported as mean difference (MD) in HbA1c change at 2 years, with associated 95% CI and p-value.
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
235
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.098 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference in change | ||||||||||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-2.7
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||||||||||
lower limit |
-5.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
upper limit |
0.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Per protocol | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
235
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (final values) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-3.9
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||||||||||
lower limit |
-7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
upper limit |
-0.8 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Proportion of participants with HbA1c≤7.5% at 24 months | ||||||||||||
End point description |
|||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Proportion of participants with HbA1c≤7.5% at 24 m | ||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
248
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.566 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Regression, Logistic | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Odds ratio (OR) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
1.22
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
0.62 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
2.39 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Severe hypoglycaemia events over 2 years | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Severe hypoglycaemic episodes were collected on an ongoing basis over the 2 year study duration.
|
||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Incidence of severe hypoglycaemia over two years | ||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
267
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.766 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Incident rate ratio | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
1.13
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
0.51 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
2.51 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Change in body weight | ||||||||||||
End point description |
|||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean change in body weight | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
The mean change from baseline in weight was compared between treatment groups using a mixed effects linear regression model with independent correlation adjusted for clustering by DAFNE course (random effect), centre, and baseline HbA1c (fixed effects).
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
244
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.607 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (final values) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
0.42
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-1.17 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
2.01 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Change in total insulin dose | ||||||||||||
End point description |
|||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean difference in change in insulin dose | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
The mean change from baseline in insulin dose was compared between treatment groups using a mixed effects linear regression model with independent correlation adjusted for clustering by DAFNE course (random effect), centre, and baseline HbA1c (fixed effects).
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
241
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.152 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (final values) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-0.05
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-0.11 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
0.02 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Mean change in SF12 Physical Component Summary | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Physical health is scored according to US normative data (Ware et al, 2007) in which the population mean is 50 and standard deviation is 10. Higher values indicate better health.
|
||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean difference in change in SF12 PCS | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
Calculated using mixed effects regression adjusted for baseline QoL score, centre, course, baseline HBA1c.
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
234
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.657 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (final values) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-0.4
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-2.1 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
1.3 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Mean change in SF-12 Mental Component Summary | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Mental health is scored according to US normative data (Ware et al, 2007) in which the population mean is 50 and standard deviation is 10. Higher values indicate better health.
|
||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean difference in change in SF12 MCS | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
Calculated using mixed effects regression adjusted for baseline QoL score, centre, course, baseline HBA1c.
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
237
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.175 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (net) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
1.6
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-0.7 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
4 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Mean change in EQ-5D | ||||||||||||
End point description |
The EQ-5D score is a health utility in which 1 relates to perfect health and 0 relates to a state equivalent to death. Negative states are possible.
|
||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean difference in change in EQ-5D | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
Calculated using mixed effects regression adjusted for baseline QoL score, centre, course, baseline HBA1c.
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
236
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.464 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Median difference (final values) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
0.02
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-0.03 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
0.06 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Change in HDL cholesterol | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Mean change in HDL cholesterol
|
||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean difference in change in HDL cholesterol | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
The mean change from baseline in HDL cholesterol was compared between treatment groups using a mixed effects linear regression model with independent correlation adjusted for clustering by DAFNE course (random effect), centre, and baseline HbA1c (fixed effects).
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
229
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.428 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (final values) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-0.04
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-0.12 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
0.05 |
|
|||||||||||||
End point title |
Change in total cholesterol | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Mean change in total cholesterol
|
||||||||||||
End point type |
Secondary
|
||||||||||||
End point timeframe |
24 months
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Statistical analysis title |
Mean difference in change in total cholesterol | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
The mean change from baseline in total cholesterol was compared between treatment groups using a mixed effects linear regression model with independent correlation adjusted for clustering by DAFNE course (random effect), centre, and baseline HbA1c (fixed effects).
|
||||||||||||
Comparison groups |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) v Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
||||||||||||
Number of subjects included in analysis |
243
|
||||||||||||
Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
|
||||||||||||
Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.848 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Mean difference (final values) | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
0.03
|
||||||||||||
Confidence interval |
|||||||||||||
level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
|
||||||||||||
lower limit |
-0.25 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
0.3 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adverse events information
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Timeframe for reporting adverse events |
24 months
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adverse event reporting additional description |
SAEs reported on an ongoing basis from baseline to 24 months
AEs were reported at 6, 12 and 24 months
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assessment type |
Systematic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary name |
CI review EMA IME | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary version |
19.0
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting groups
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group title |
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group description |
- | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group title |
Multiple daily injections (MDI)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group description |
- | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||
Substantial protocol amendments (globally) |
|||
Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes | |||
Date |
Amendment |
||
12 Aug 2011 |
Updates to the protocol including:
1) General Information: PI and site details
2) Urine samples and albumin-creatinine ratio: clarified that this test will be taken during the trial
3) Inclusion and exclusion criteria: one inclusion and one exclusion criteria added:
• Extra inclusion criteria: Has a need for structured education to optimise diabetes control in the opinion of the investigator.
• Extra exclusion criteria: Has a need for pump therapy in the opinion of the investigator.
4) DAFNE pre-course pump session: clarified when pump use on saline would be taking place.
Updates to the participant information sheet including:
1) Geographical areas for the trial have been amended according to site removal and additions.
2) Sentence amended to clarify process of continuation of pump therapy in England and Scotland.
3) Northwest 3 Research Ethics Committee-Liverpool East listed as ethics committee for whom approval has been granted.
Updates to REPOSE leaflet including:
1) Addition to clarify that urine samples will be taken in addition to blood samples at baseline, 6-, 12- and 24-months
Updates to the CTA including:
1) Sites amended
2) Inclusion/exclusion critiera added
3) Contact details, typographical errors and updated details (ethics approval details, ISRCTN number) added
|
||
04 Oct 2011 |
Protocol (NRES & MHRA- substantial amendment)
1) General information - p.4: Change to details of PIs and sponsor contact
2) Protocol amendment details - p.6: Text inserted to detail protocol amendments from version 3 to 4.
3) Trial summary - p.7: List of sites amended to correspond with removal/addition of sites.
4) Demographic measures - p.14: Removal of religion as part of the demographic analyses.
5) Randomisation - p.23: Time at which REPOSE educator finds out which treatment arm participants has been allocated to altered from one month to six weeks.
6) Table 1: Documents for Data collection - p.26-30: Details of severe and moderate hypos recording process amended in table
7) Typographical errors and formatting - References to appendices removed from protocol. Formatting of figures undertaken. |
||
23 Feb 2012 |
1) Blinded review of HbA1c (measure of the level of blood glucose control)
To allow the trial statistician to conduct a blinded review after Course 2, 4 and 5 to examine the proportions of recruited participants who are in each HbA1c category (i.e. ≥7.5% or <7.5%). The trial statistician will look at the proportions in each HbA1c category, and numbers of participants with an HbA1c ≥ 7.5% threatens the ability of the trial to detect a difference in primary outcome (i.e. there are substantially more subjects recruited with an HbA1c <7.5% than anticipated), then an additional inclusion criteria will be added to limit recruitment only to participants with an HbA1c of ≥7.5% in order to ensure the trial can detect a difference in the primary outcome.
2) Withdrawal from the pump criteria
Removal of ‘Participant becomes pregnant’ as a reason for withdrawal from the pump. Amended so that the decision as to whether a participant who becomes pregnant during the trial stays on the pump is purely a clinical decision based on the participant’s blood glucose control on the pump i.e. if the participant was managing their diabetes well on the pump, they remain on the pump.
3) To add and remove sites
• Addition of Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (PI: Dr Alan Jaap)
• Removal of University of Edinburgh (Dr Julia Lawton) and Monklands Hospital (Dr Thekkepat Sandeep)
4) Notification that Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust (PI: Dr Peter Hammond) are delivering part of the trial intervention using a venue that is not owned by Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust: Henshaws Society for Blind People, Bogs Lane, Harrogate, North Yorkshire, HG1 4ED.
|
||
01 Oct 2012 |
To increase the number recruited to the study. Drop-outs are occurring prior to DAFNE course attendance and thus these participants do not count towards the ITT. This change does not increase the number of participants who will receive the intervention or comparator treatment. |
||
04 Apr 2014 |
Updates to the REPOSE Protocol v11:
- clarified withdrawal from treatment criteria for participants who develop the need for renal replacement therapy or who are found to be abusing alcohol or drugs
- clarified that pregnancies will be recorded as SAEs & that they are exempt from immediate reporting
Participant Retention and Return of Data - Where participant do not live locally, appropriate research staff may arrange to visit the participant in their home or at an alternative NHS location to carry out data collection. |
||
Interruptions (globally) |
|||
Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No | |||
Limitations and caveats |
|||
Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data. | |||
None reported |