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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Response-Adapted Sequential Azacitidine And Chemotherapy in Patients > 60 Years Old With Newly Diagnosed AML Eligible for Chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: A Multicentre Phase I/II study of the East German Hematology and Oncology Study Group (OSHO)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2010-023584-17
    Trial protocol
    DE  
    Global end of trial date
    25 May 2018

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    11 Jul 2020
    First version publication date
    11 Jul 2020
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    final report Ras-Azic

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    RAS-AZIC
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    German Clinical Trial Register: DRKS00004519
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Universität Leipzig
    Sponsor organisation address
    Ritterstr. 26, Leipzig, Germany, 04109
    Public contact
    coordinating investigator, Universität Leipzig Department für Innere Medizin, 49 345 557 4909, ras-azic@zks.uni-leipzig.de
    Scientific contact
    coordinating investigator, Universität Leipzig Department für Innere Medizin, 49 345 557 4909, ras-azic@zks.uni-leipzig.de
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    08 May 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    25 May 2018
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    25 May 2018
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Objectives of Phase I – Dose evaluation: To investigate feasibility of azacitidine administered 75 mg/m2/day subcutaneously for 5 or 7 days followed by conventional AML induction chemotherapy in terms of dose limiting toxicity and to define the azacitidine total dose (5 or 7 days) per cycle to be administered in the phase II part of the trial. Objectives of Phase II – Efficacy and safety: To assess efficacy and safety of induction therapy with response-adapted sequential azacitidine and conventional AML induction chemotherapy in patients > 60 years with newly diagnosed AML (at the dose level resulting from the dose evaluation phase of the trial). To assess efficacy in terms of the overall response rate (ORR) till day 90 including: • Complete remissions (CR) • Complete Remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) • Partial remissions (PR) WE REPORT HERE THE RESULTS OF THE PHASE II PART OF THE TRIAL.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Regular blood tests were conducted to determine the hematological and non-hematological toxicities.
    Background therapy
    Hyperuricemia prophylaxis, eye bath and local glucocorticoides, if necessary: Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists (e.g., ondansetron), blood product support and myeloid growth factors (G-CSF)
    Evidence for comparator
    No comparators used.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    13 Dec 2012
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 112
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    112
    EEA total number of subjects
    112
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    30
    From 65 to 84 years
    80
    85 years and over
    2

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    First patient in: 13.12.2012 Last patient in: 23.05.2016 Last patient last visit: 25.05.2018 Recruited number of patients: 114 Number of patients for final analysis: 109 enrolled on maximum tolerated dose

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Only subjects who met all inclusion criteria, but none of the exclusion criteria were enrolled.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    phase II (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Arm description
    In phase II all patients received azacitidine at the previously defined MTD (7 days) as initial therapy. According to the results of the bone marrow aspirate on day 15 of the first cycle of azacitidine, the patients received: - Azacitidine (7 days) if blast count < 45% - Induction chemotherapy if blast count >= 45% Response assessment results on day 56 determined further therapy - Azacitidine maintenance therapy up to two years after start of treatment in case of CR/CR - Further induction chemotherapy in case of non CR/CRi, followed by azacitidine maintenance therapy if at least PR was achieved
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Azacitidine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    L01BC07
    Other name
    Vidaza
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for suspension for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    75 mg/m2 milligram(s)/square meter per day, days 1 to 7 (dose level 2), repeat d28

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Cytarabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    L01BC01
    Other name
    ARA-cell
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    1 g/m2/BID days 1,3,5,7 during induction cycle (up to two induction cycles)

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Mitoxantrone
    Investigational medicinal product code
    L01DB07
    Other name
    Mitoxantron
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Concentrate for solution for infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    10 mg/m2/day days 1 to 3 during induction cycle (up to two induction cycles)

    Number of subjects in period 1 [1]
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Started
    109
    Completed
    80
    Not completed
    29
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    9
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    2
         Lost to follow-up
    4
         Lack of efficacy
    14
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: This is a phase I dose-finding trial followed by a phase II trial. We report the phase II results, i.e. results on all patients treated on the maximum tolerated dose.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    phase II
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    phase II Total
    Number of subjects
    109 109
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    30 30
        From 65-84 years
    77 77
        85 years and over
    2 2
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    70 (64 to 74) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    51 51
        Male
    58 58
    AML diagnosis
    Units: Subjects
        primary AML
    70 70
        secondary AML
    38 38
        Other
    1 1
    ECOG score
    Units: Subjects
        fully active
    20 20
        able to carry out light work
    71 71
        unable to carry out any work activities
    17 17
        NA
    1 1
    Leukocytes
    Units: Gpt/l
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    4.3 (1.9 to 24.4) -
    Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
    Units: Gpt/l
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    0.5 (0.2 to 0.6) -
    Thrombocytes
    Units: Gpt/l
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    64.5 (38 to 114) -
    Haemoglobin
    Units: Gpt/l
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    9 (8.4 to 10.2) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Reporting group description
    In phase II all patients received azacitidine at the previously defined MTD (7 days) as initial therapy. According to the results of the bone marrow aspirate on day 15 of the first cycle of azacitidine, the patients received: - Azacitidine (7 days) if blast count < 45% - Induction chemotherapy if blast count >= 45% Response assessment results on day 56 determined further therapy - Azacitidine maintenance therapy up to two years after start of treatment in case of CR/CR - Further induction chemotherapy in case of non CR/CRi, followed by azacitidine maintenance therapy if at least PR was achieved

    Primary: Overall response rate on day 90

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    End point title
    Overall response rate on day 90 [1]
    End point description
    The primary endpoint was analyzed according to the optimal two-stage design. In addition, the overall response rate on day 90 has been estimated, and a 95% confidence interval was calculated. Expected overall response rate of 61% with induction chemotherapy at day 90 Interim analysis after 40 patients: if <=19 CR/CRi/PR -> inferiority claimed, otherwise proceed Final analysis after 109 patients: if <=57 CR/CRi/PR -> inferiority claimed, otherwise non-inferiority compared to standard induction
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    day 90
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: This is a single arm trial. Reporting of statistical analyses in this database require at least two arms, otherwise an error message occurs.
    End point values
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Number of subjects analysed
    109
    Units: yes / no
        CR/CRi/PR
    70
        no response
    39
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Overall survival

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    End point title
    Overall survival
    End point description
    Time from registration to death of any cause
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    24 months
    End point values
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Number of subjects analysed
    109
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    15.9 (12.9 to 18.9)
    Attachments
    Overall Survival
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Event free survival

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    End point title
    Event free survival
    End point description
    Event-free survival is defined as time from enrolment to one of the following events: - disease progression (according to IWG criteria), - relapse after CR or CRi, - death of any cause. Subjects who dropped out or were alive at study termination had their overall survival times censored at the time of last contact, as appropriate.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    24 months
    End point values
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Number of subjects analysed
    109
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    9.9 (7.7 to 12.0)
    Attachments
    Event free survival
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Days alive and out of hospital up to d90

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    End point title
    Days alive and out of hospital up to d90
    End point description
    Every day a patient was alive and completely outside a hospital is counted. In case a patient was lost to follow-up before end of treatment, days after drop-out was not counted.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    90 days
    End point values
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Number of subjects analysed
    109
    Units: days
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    41.7 (24.5 to 59)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

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    End point title
    Number of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    24 months
    End point values
    Azacitidine +/- induction chemo +/- azacitidine maintenance
    Number of subjects analysed
    109 [2]
    Units: number
        patients with HCT
    32
        patients without HCT
    77
    Notes
    [2] - 20 patients underwent HCT while in 1st response, 12 after relapse
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    up to 28 days after last application of trial therapy
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    20.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Safety population
    Reporting group description
    The safety population includes all enrolled patients who have received at least 1 dose of the trial medication, irrespective of their belonging to the phase I or phase II part of the trial. Patients were analyzed according to the treatment actually received. The safety population was used for all safety evaluations.

    Serious adverse events
    Safety population
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    55 / 112 (49.11%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    67
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    11
    Vascular disorders
    Shock haemorrhagic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    General physical health deterioration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 112 (3.57%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 112 (4.46%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    Psychiatric disorders
    Anxiety
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hallucination
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 112 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Cervical vertebral fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Procedural pneumothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrioventricular block complete
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrioventricular block second degree
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiogenic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Pericarditis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Aphasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Agranulocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pancytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Crohn`s disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 112 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diverticulum intestinal haemorrhagic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dysphagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Large intestine perforation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Dermatosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 112 (3.57%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Adrenal insufficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypothyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Abscess soft tissue
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atypical pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Device related sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 112 (4.46%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Enterococcal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Erysipelas
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Escherichia bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Escherichia urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Groin abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Peritonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 112 (13.39%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 16
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 5
    Pneumonia adenoviral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia parainfluenzae viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 112 (4.46%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 112 (8.93%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    4 / 10
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    Septic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 7
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    Staphylococcal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Streptococcal sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Subcutaneous abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 112 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urosepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 112 (2.68%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diabetic metabolic decompensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 112 (0.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Safety population
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    112 / 112 (100.00%)
    Vascular disorders
    Haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 112 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    17
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 112 (17.86%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 112 (11.61%)
         occurrences all number
    17
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 112 (8.93%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 112 (7.14%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 112 (11.61%)
         occurrences all number
    23
    Oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 112 (22.32%)
         occurrences all number
    45
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 112 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    95 / 112 (84.82%)
         occurrences all number
    162
    Immune system disorders
    Drug hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 112 (7.14%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 112 (19.64%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    52 / 112 (46.43%)
         occurrences all number
    85
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 112 (13.39%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 112 (13.39%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 112 (7.14%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Psychiatric disorders
    Anxiety
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Sleep disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 112 (19.64%)
         occurrences all number
    34
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    64 / 112 (57.14%)
         occurrences all number
    177
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    67 / 112 (59.82%)
         occurrences all number
    153
    Blood alkaline phosphatase increased
    Additional description: Investigations
         subjects affected / exposed
    58 / 112 (51.79%)
         occurrences all number
    164
    Blood bilirubin increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    66 / 112 (58.93%)
         occurrences all number
    113
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    78 / 112 (69.64%)
         occurrences all number
    309
    C-reactive protein increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Weight decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    61 / 112 (54.46%)
         occurrences all number
    162
    Weight increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    26 / 112 (23.21%)
         occurrences all number
    48
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Allergic transfusion reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 112 (8.93%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Cardiac disorders
    Arrhythmia
         subjects affected / exposed
    31 / 112 (27.68%)
         occurrences all number
    42
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 112 (8.93%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 112 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    29 / 112 (25.89%)
         occurrences all number
    35
    Peripheral sensory neuropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 112 (8.04%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 112 (11.61%)
         occurrences all number
    47
    Leukopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 112 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    50
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 112 (10.71%)
         occurrences all number
    48
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 112 (11.61%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    67 / 112 (59.82%)
         occurrences all number
    114
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    55 / 112 (49.11%)
         occurrences all number
    77
    Enteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 112 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    66 / 112 (58.93%)
         occurrences all number
    132
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 112 (37.50%)
         occurrences all number
    71
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Dermatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    28 / 112 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    38
    Petechiae
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 112 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 112 (10.71%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 112 (19.64%)
         occurrences all number
    43
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 112 (10.71%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 112 (15.18%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 112 (16.07%)
         occurrences all number
    26
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 112 (8.93%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Infections and infestations
    Clostridium difficile infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 112 (7.14%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Conjunctivitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Device related infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 112 (16.96%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    Enterococcal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 112 (10.71%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 112 (11.61%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Oral herpes
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 112 (15.18%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    Pneumonia
    Additional description: Infections and infestations
         subjects affected / exposed
    38 / 112 (33.93%)
         occurrences all number
    53
    Pneumonia fungal
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 112 (13.39%)
         occurrences all number
    23
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 112 (8.04%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Septic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 112 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Soft tissue infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 112 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    Staphylococcal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 112 (19.64%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 112 (10.71%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Urosepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 112 (9.82%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 112 (5.36%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 112 (20.54%)
         occurrences all number
    31
    Hypoproteinaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    88 / 112 (78.57%)
         occurrences all number
    221

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    04 May 2017
    - update of the expected duration of trial, because the start of the study was delayed for organizational reasons and the three interim analyses stopped recruitment and thus the involvement of further clinical centers was delayed. - secondary endpoint: Days alive and out of hospital: no further documentation of hospitalization after the end of study treatment, because the hospitalization not performed study-related - update of the site effects of Azacitidine - IWG criteria were supplemented by the criterion "stable disease" to assess the response during therapy with Azacitidine - correction of spelling mistakes

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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