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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial to assess the effects of long-acting somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) therapy on disease progression in patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and moderate to severe renal insufficiency

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2011-000138-12
    Trial protocol
    IT  
    Global end of trial date
    14 Apr 2017

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    20 Jun 2019
    First version publication date
    20 Jun 2019
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    Paper
    Supplementary 2
    Supplementary 6
    Supplementary 7
    Supplementary 8
    Supplementary 9
    Supplementary 10
    Supplementary 11
    Supplementary 15

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    ALADIN2
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01377246
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS
    Sponsor organisation address
    V. G. B. Camozzi, 3, Ranica / Bergamo, Italy, 24020
    Public contact
    Norberto Perico, Centro di Ricerche Cliniche per le Malattie Rare Aldo e Cele Daccò Via G.B. Camozzi Ranica (BG), 0039 03545351, norberto.perico@marionegri.it
    Scientific contact
    Norberto Perico, Centro di Ricerche Cliniche per le Malattie Rare Aldo e Cele Daccò Via G.B. Camozzi Ranica (BG), 0039 03545351, norberto.perico@marionegri.it
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    05 Nov 2018
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    14 Apr 2017
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    14 Apr 2017
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Short-term (1-year): To compare the effect of long acting somatostatin analogue (Octreotide LAR) versus placebo on total kidney volume (TKV) change (delta TKV) as assessed by spiral computed tomography (spiral CT) scan. Long-term (3-years): To compare the effect of long-acting somatostatin analogue vs. placebo on the rate of GFR decline as assessed by serial measurements of the iohexol plasma clearance.
    Protection of trial subjects
    This study was conducted in conformance with Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice standards and applicable country regulations regarding ethical committee review, informed consent, protection of human subjects participating in biomedical research and privacy.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    20 Sep 2011
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 100
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    100
    EEA total number of subjects
    100
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    94
    From 65 to 84 years
    6
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Participants were identified among patients with ADPKD referred to the outpatient clinics of 4 hospitals in Italy coordinated by the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS. Patients were recruited between 20th September, 2011, and March 10, 2014

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Of 104 assessed patients (who signed the Informed consent form between 20/09/2011 and 10/03/2014), 3 withdrew IC during the screening period and 1 had eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2. Thus, 100 patients were randomized from 11/10/2011, to 20/03/2014 (51 to octreotide-LAR and 49 to placebo), and followed for a median (IQR) of 36 (24 to 37) until 14/04/2017

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatment phase (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Octreotide LAR
    Arm description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Long-Acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR)
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    Patients randomized to treatment group will receive intramuscularly Long-Acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) at the dose of 40 mg every 28 days (in two intragluteal 20 mg injections) for three years.

    Arm title
    0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Arm description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    Patients randomized to placebo group will receive intramuscularly saline solution at the same volume of study drug every 28 days (in two intragluteal injections) for three years.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Started
    51
    49
    Completed
    45
    46
    Not completed
    6
    3
         Profressed to End stage Renal Disease
    -
    1
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    4
    2
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    2
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Octreotide LAR
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.

    Reporting group title
    0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.

    Reporting group values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution Total
    Number of subjects
    51 49 100
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    48 46 94
        From 65-84 years
    3 3 6
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    48.7 ± 8.9 50 ± 9.3 -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    20 23 43
        Male
    31 26 57
    Imagin classification
    Units: Subjects
        1A
    2 1 3
        1B
    2 6 8
        1C
    16 13 29
        1D
    13 13 26
        1E
    15 14 29
        Not evaluable
    3 2 5
    Height
    Units: CM
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    172.3 ± 9.8 170.7 ± 10.8 -
    Weight
    Units: Kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    77.2 ± 14.6 76.4 ± 14.1 -
    Systolic blood pressure
    Units: mm Hg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    134.9 ± 15.4 132.3 ± 13.2 -
    Diastolic blood pressure
    Units: mm Hg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    81.8 ± 9.3 83.1 ± 8.4 -
    Total Cholesterol
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    5 ± 1 4.8 ± 1 -
    LDL Choletserol
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    3 ± 0.8 2.9 ± 0.9 -
    Triglycerides
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.3 ± 0.7 1.3 ± 0.6 -
    Serum Glucose
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    5 ± 0.6 4.9 ± 0.7 -
    Serum phosphorus
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.2 ± 0.2 1.2 ± 0.2 -
    Serum Calcium
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.3 ± 0.1 2.3 ± 0.2 -
    Hemoglobin
    Units: g/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    124 ± 15 121 ± 12 -
    Serum albumin
    Units: g/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    41 ± 4 41 ± 4 -
    Serum Creatinine
    Units: µmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    229.8 ± 79.6 238.7 ± 79.6 -
    mGFR
    Measured by iohexol plasma clearance
    Units: ml/min/1.73m2
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    31.5 (25.6 to 36.6) 30.9 (21.6 to 37.4) -
    eGFR
    Estimated by the 4-variable equation from Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study
    Units: ml/min/1.73m2
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    27.9 (23.5 to 32.2) 25.8 (19.5 to 33.2) -
    Urinary proteins
    Units: mg/24h
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    268 (135 to 805) 260 (130 to 460) -
    Urinary albumin
    Units: µg/ml
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    50.7 (21 to 118.1) 28.3 (12.8 to 96.2) -
    UAC
    Units: mg/g
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    77.3 (35.9 to 225.9) 45.4 (25.5 to 181.9) -
    Total Kidney volume (TKV)
    Units: ml
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    2338 (1967 to 3807) 2591 (1959 to 3835) -
    Height adjusted total kidnet volume
    Units: ml/m
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    1.344 (1.129 to 2.098) 1.528 (1.155 to 2.291) -
    osmolality
    Units: mOsm/L
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    279.2 (217.8 to 365.5) 313.7 (253.8 to 407.6) -
    Urine protein
    Units: mg/dl
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    11.4 (7 to 23.6) 9.1 (6 to 18.6) -
    Urine Albumin
    Units: µg/mL
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    50.7 (21.0 to 118.1) 28.3 (12.8 to 96.2) -
    Urine Creatinine
    Units: mg/dL
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    60.2 (45.0 to 70.4) 59.0 (50.1 to 73.1) -
    P/C
    Units: mg/g
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    0.24 (0.12 to 0.55) 0.15 (0.1 to 0.37) -
    A/C
    Units: mg/g
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    77.3 (35.9 to 225.9) 45.4 (25.5 to 181.9) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Octreotide LAR
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.

    Reporting group title
    0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.

    Primary: Short-term outcome - TKV change

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    End point title
    Short-term outcome - TKV change
    End point description
    Total Kidney Volume (TKV) change as assessed by spiral computed tomography scan. Measurable unit for TKV is ml and for htTKV is ml/m
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline compared to 1-year afte the Treatment period (Octreotide LAR/Placebo)
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    37
    39
    Units: ml and ml/m
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        TKV
    2513.3 (2023.6 to 3923.5)
    2935.1 (2197.1 to 4094.4)
        Absolute Change TKV
    135.5 (40.4 to 453.1)
    257.7 (112.6 to 497.7)
        htTKV
    1528.1 (1237.1 to 2281.1)
    1769.5 (1258.3 to 2488.3)
        Absolute Change htTKV
    80.7 (24.8 to 258.9)
    155.3 (66.1 to 286.0)
    Statistical analysis title
    Primary End Point
    Statistical analysis description
    Difference between changes of TKV and htTKV in Octreotide-LAR and Placebo at 1 year
    Comparison groups
    Octreotide LAR v 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    76
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.027 [1]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [1] - TKV changes between treatment and placebo reported a p value of 0.027; htTKV changes between treatment and placebo reported a p value of 0.020;

    Primary: Long-term outcome (3-years) - Rate of GFR decline

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    End point title
    Long-term outcome (3-years) - Rate of GFR decline
    End point description
    The primary long-term outcome was the chronic rate of GFR decline from 6 months to study end as assessed by serial measurement of the iohexol plasma clearance The unit measurement for Total slope 0-3 years and Chronic slope 6 months-3years is ml/min/1.73m2 per year
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    At the baseline and every 6 months until the final visit (36 months of study treatment)
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    46
    Units: ml/min/1.73m2
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        GFR 6 months
    27.0 (22.2 to 32.3)
    26.3 (20.9 to 34.8)
        GFR 1 year
    25.3 (19.4 to 29.9)
    24.4 (20.9 to 34.8)
        GFR 2 years
    22.5 (17.2 to 26.9)
    22.2 (17.9 to 28.5)
        GFR 3 years
    19.8 (15.5 to 23.7)
    18.1 (14.7 to 26.7)
        Total slope 0-3 years
    -4.26 (-6.2 to -3)
    -4.19 (-5.5 to -1.7)
        Chronic slope 6 months-3years
    -3.76 (-5.1 to -2.4)
    -3.97 (-5.9 to -2.0)
    Statistical analysis title
    Primary End Point
    Statistical analysis description
    Changes in GFR over Octreotide-LAR and placebo
    Comparison groups
    Octreotide LAR v 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    91
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.295 [2]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [2] - All differences in GFR changes over 6-12-24-36 months are not significant between treatment and placebo groups.

    Secondary: Doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD

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    End point title
    Doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD
    End point description
    Secondary composite endpoint of doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD in pateint treated with octreotide LAR/Placebo
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From Baseline to the study end
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    51
    49
    Units: Patient
        Doubling serum creatinine or ESRD
    6
    18
        No Doubling serum creatinine or ESRD
    45
    31
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Urinary protein excretion rate

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    End point title
    Urinary protein excretion rate
    End point description
    Urinary protein excretion rate compared to the baseline at 1 year and 3 year after the treatment period
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    At baseline and every 6 months until the study end
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    51
    49
    Units: mg/24h
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Urinary protein excretion rate - 1 year
    340 (170 to 920)
    340 (130 to 580)
        Urinary protein excretion rate - 3 year
    480 (190 to 820)
    580 (180 to 968)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Blodd pressure control

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    End point title
    Blodd pressure control
    End point description
    Blood pressure parameters compared to the baseline at 1 year and 3 year after the treatment period
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    1 year and 3 year after the treatment period
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    51
    49
    Units: mm Hg
    median (standard deviation)
        Systolic - 1 year
    133.3 ± 15.1
    130.3 ± 12.2
        Systolic - 3 year
    132.6 ± 13.6
    130.3 ± 6.9
        Diastolic - 1 year
    81.5 ± 9.2
    82.3 ± 6
        Diastolic - 3 year
    82.4 ± 6.1
    82.9 ± 8
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Urinary osmolality

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    End point title
    Urinary osmolality
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    At baseline and 1 year and 3 year after the treatment period
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    51
    49
    Units: mOsm/L
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Osmolality - 1 year
    289.4 (230.8 to 381.2)
    341.0 (245.1 to 396.4)
        Osmolality - 3 year
    266.5 (221.3 to 306.4)
    317.3 (252.2 to 384.5)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Morning spot urine sample

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    End point title
    Morning spot urine sample
    End point description
    Measurement units Protein: mg/dl Albumin: µg/mL Creatinine: mg/dL P/C: mg/g A/C: mg/g
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    1 year and 3 year compared to baseline
    End point values
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Number of subjects analysed
    51
    49
    Units: mg/dl and µg/ml
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Protein - 1 year
    14.9 (8.4 to 39.3)
    16.5 (7.2 to 24)
        Protein - 3 year
    18.1 (9 to 28.7)
    25.2 (8.7 to 43.8)
        Albumin- 1 year
    42.5 (33.3 to 210.5)
    57.7 (18.4 to 130.0)
        Albumin- 3 year
    74.3 (33.5 to 111.0)
    90.0 (53.5 to 150.0)
        Creatinine - 1 year
    58.3 (48.4 to 70.4)
    55.6 (46.7 to 69.3)
        Creatinine - 3 year
    49.3 (41.8 to 59.6)
    52.7 (44.0 to 60.0)
        P/C - 1 year
    0.26 (0.13 to 0.73)
    0.30 (0.15 to 0.44)
        P/C - 3 year
    0.40 (0.15 to 0.62)
    0.39 (0.24 to 0.81)
        A/C - 1 year
    80.0 (51.9 to 364.4)
    108.1 (35.0 to 211.0)
        A/C - 3 year
    130.6 (54.2 to 286.0)
    162.2 (102.8 to 260.3)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    The adverse events will be reported during whole study up to 30 days after last dose of study drug.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    20
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Octreotide LAR
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.

    Reporting group title
    0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients will be stratified for the presence (YES or NO) of concomitant clinical conditions that could appreciably affect the rate of renal function loss over time including diabetes mellitus, 24 hour urinary protein excretion >1g, or any other evidence of concomitant renal disease without indication for specific therapy. Within each stratum patients will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to Long-acting Somatostatin (Octreotide LAR) 40 mg (treatment group) or saline solution (placebo group). All study participants including patients, doctors and nurses involved in patient care, and technicians, monitors and statisticians involved in data analyses will be blinded to treatment allocation. The only subject who will not be blinded to treatment allocation will be the research nurse who will prepare the study drug (the active compound or placebo) and will administer it to the patient.

    Serious adverse events
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 51 (23.53%)
    11 / 49 (22.45%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Investigations
    Pancreatic enzyme elevation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Acute retinal detachment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Umbilical hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Biliary vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Genitourinary prolapse
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cystocele
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Menometrorrhagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal cyst rupture or infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    3 / 49 (6.12%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ureteral obstruction due to lithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute pyelonephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sepsis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Varicella
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyperammonaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Octreotide LAR 0.9% sodium chloride solution
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 51 (90.20%)
    45 / 49 (91.84%)
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Allergic reaction due to study drug
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Non-treatment-related allergic reactions
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 51 (5.88%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    3
    Flu like syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 51 (11.76%)
    9 / 49 (18.37%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    9
    Fever (unspecified)
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 51 (9.80%)
    4 / 49 (8.16%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    4
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Ovarian cyst, follicle rupture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyps
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Bening prostatic hyperplasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    5
    Prostatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Impotence
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Other urologic events
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Pharyngitis, rhinitis, coomon cold, Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 51 (7.84%)
    7 / 49 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    8
    Acute Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 51 (7.84%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    5
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Investigations
    High CPK value
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    Subcutaneous hematoma of the limbs
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Cardiac disorders
    Calf swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 51 (17.65%)
    6 / 49 (12.24%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    6
    Hydrosaline retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Pericardial effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    Bilateral pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Aortic calcification
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Claudicatio intermittents
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Calf vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Left ventricular hypertrophy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Left atrial enlargement
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Palpitations
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 51 (5.88%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    2
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Precordial pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Nervous system disorders
    Depression, Anxiety
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    4 / 49 (8.16%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    4
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    2
    Neuropatic pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Tremor
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Other nervous system events
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Hyposmia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 51 (21.57%)
    23 / 49 (46.94%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    24
    Benign cutaneous lymphoid infiltrate
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Tinnitus
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Eye disorders
    degenerative maculopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Amblyopia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Other ocular, ear, labyrinth, oral, nasal events
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 51 (7.84%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhea
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 51 (29.41%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    7
    Abdominal pain, bloating
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 51 (23.53%)
    10 / 49 (20.41%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    16
    Gastritis, Nausea, Dyspepsia, Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 51 (7.84%)
    9 / 49 (18.37%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    10
    Biliary sand
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 51 (15.69%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    0
    Gallbladder polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Liver steatosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    Hepatic, cyst rupture, hemorrhagic hepatic cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Colon diverticulosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Other gastrointestinal events
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 51 (11.76%)
    3 / 49 (6.12%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    4
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    5
    Dermatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    Folliculitis, forunculosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Alopecia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 51 (7.84%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    5
    Renal colic, lithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 51 (13.73%)
    3 / 49 (6.12%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    3
    Hematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 51 (11.76%)
    9 / 49 (18.37%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    15
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 51 (11.76%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    6
    Renal cyst infection or rupture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    6 / 49 (12.24%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    8
    Asynptomatic bacteriuria, Dysuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    2
    Cholelithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 51 (5.88%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    Endocrine disorders
    Secondary hyperparathyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 51 (49.02%)
    18 / 49 (36.73%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    18
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 51 (37.25%)
    17 / 49 (34.69%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    19
    Back pain, Flank pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 51 (15.69%)
    10 / 49 (20.41%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    14
    Muscular pain, cramps
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 51 (17.65%)
    9 / 49 (18.37%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    13
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 51 (19.61%)
    8 / 49 (16.33%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    10
    Site injection pain, site injection nodule
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 51 (13.73%)
    3 / 49 (6.12%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    6
    Osteoarthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    3 / 49 (6.12%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Fracture, trauma, tendonitis, tendon tear
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    6 / 49 (12.24%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    6
    Discal hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Other musculoskeletal events
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    Infections and infestations
    Septic Arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Vaginitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Otitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Onychomycosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Herpes simplex
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Metabolic acidosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 51 (45.10%)
    17 / 49 (34.69%)
         occurrences all number
    23
    17
    Hyperuricemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 51 (31.37%)
    9 / 49 (18.37%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    9
    Dyslipidemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 51 (19.61%)
    5 / 49 (10.20%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    5
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 51 (5.88%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 51 (0.00%)
    1 / 49 (2.04%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hyponatremia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 51 (1.96%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hyperhomocysteinaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 51 (5.88%)
    4 / 49 (8.16%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    4
    Pancytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 51 (3.92%)
    0 / 49 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Other metabolic, endocrine, hematological events
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 51 (7.84%)
    2 / 49 (4.08%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    2

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    27 Jun 2013
    The amendment concerned the increase in the size of the originally calculated patient sample and the administration of the SF36 and SF-HLQ questionnaires to patients. Specifically, the sample size was recalculated, maintaining the initial considerations relating to end points and patient follow-up unchanged, but increasing the incidence of drop-outs from 15% to 30%. It was therefore estimated that the inclusion of 98 patients (49 per group) could guarantee the study to maintain a statistical power of more than 80%. The amendment did not change either the criteria for inclusion of the study, nor the general philosophy and main objective of the project .

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30951521
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    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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