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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A RANDOMISED PHASE II TRIAL OF SECOND LINE THERAPY IN ADVANCED BILIARY TRACT CANCER: CAPECITABINE OR CAPECITABINE PLUS MITOMYCIN C (BIT-2)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2011-002002-70
    Trial protocol
    IT  
    Global end of trial date
    06 May 2015

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    26 May 2016
    First version publication date
    26 May 2016
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    BIT-2
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01530503
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Ospedale San Raffaele
    Sponsor organisation address
    Via Olgettina, 60, Milano, Italy, 20133
    Public contact
    Oncologia Medica, Ospedale San Raffaele , +39 02 26437644, cereda.stefano@hsr.it
    Scientific contact
    Oncologia Medica, Ospedale San Raffaele, +39 02 26437644, cereda.stefano@hsr.it
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    17 Dec 2015
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    06 May 2015
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    06 May 2015
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Assessment of the therapeutic activity of capecitabine alone or in combination with mitomycin C in terms of progression-free survival rate at 6 months from treatment start in patients with advanced/metastatic biliary adenocarcinoma in progression after gemcitabine and platinum compounds.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Throughout the study, investigators prescribed any concomitant medication or treatment deemed necessary to provide adequate supportive care, as per protocol instructions, including therapeutic use of hematopoietic colony growth factors (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF]) and use of erythropoietin. Dose adjustment and dose delay were foreseen in case of hematological and non hematological toxicity.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    04 Oct 2011
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 57
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    57
    EEA total number of subjects
    57
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    22
    From 65 to 84 years
    35
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Between October 2011 and October 2013.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    57 metastatic patients with progressive biliary tract adenocarcinoma (BTA) after gemcitabine and platinum analogs therapy were enrolled. Patients were stratified and randomized, by an online application based on baseline stage and site of primary tumor.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Arm A
    Arm description
    Patients were treated with Capecitabine 200mg/m2 alone, Day 1-14 of a 3-week cycle. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression, patient refusal, consent withdrawal, medical decision or for a maximum of 6 months. The continuation of treatment after 6 months was decided on an individual basis, taking into account tolerability, toxicity and response, in the interest of the patient. Patients who discontinued the treatment in absence of disease progression were followed up until documentation of disease progression or start of another anticancer therapy.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Capecitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    2000 mg/m2, Day 1-14 of a 3-week cycle divided in two doses taken with food.

    Arm title
    Arm B
    Arm description
    Capecitabine 2000 mg m2, Day 1-14 in combination with Mytomicin C 6 mg/m2 Day 1 of a 3-week cycle. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression, patient refusal, consent withdrawal, medical decision or for a maximum of 6 months. The continuation of treatment after 6 months was decided on an individual basis, taking into account tolerability, toxicity and response, in the interest of the patient. Patients who discontinued the treatment in absence of disease progression were followed up until documentation of disease progression or start of another anticancer therapy.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Mytomicin C
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for solution for infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Patients were treated with IV infusion mitomycin C 6 mg/m2 on Day 1 of a 3-week cycle.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Capecitabine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    2000 mg/m2, Day 1-14 of a 3-week cycle divided in two doses taken with food

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Arm A Arm B
    Started
    28
    29
    Treated
    26
    29
    Completed
    1
    0
    Not completed
    27
    29
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    1
    -
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
    -
         Physician decision
    -
    2
         Lack of compliance with protocol requirements
    1
    2
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    -
    9
         Death
    1
    -
         Patient refusal to continue the study treatment
    1
    1
         Progression
    20
    15
         Not treated
    2
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Arm A
    Reporting group description
    Patients were treated with Capecitabine 200mg/m2 alone, Day 1-14 of a 3-week cycle. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression, patient refusal, consent withdrawal, medical decision or for a maximum of 6 months. The continuation of treatment after 6 months was decided on an individual basis, taking into account tolerability, toxicity and response, in the interest of the patient. Patients who discontinued the treatment in absence of disease progression were followed up until documentation of disease progression or start of another anticancer therapy.

    Reporting group title
    Arm B
    Reporting group description
    Capecitabine 2000 mg m2, Day 1-14 in combination with Mytomicin C 6 mg/m2 Day 1 of a 3-week cycle. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression, patient refusal, consent withdrawal, medical decision or for a maximum of 6 months. The continuation of treatment after 6 months was decided on an individual basis, taking into account tolerability, toxicity and response, in the interest of the patient. Patients who discontinued the treatment in absence of disease progression were followed up until documentation of disease progression or start of another anticancer therapy.

    Reporting group values
    Arm A Arm B Total
    Number of subjects
    28 29 57
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    8 14 22
        From 65-84 years
    20 15 35
    Age continuous
    Data for Age continuous were reported for treated (55) patecipants only.
    Units: years
        median (full range (min-max))
    66 (45 to 74) 65 (30 to 78) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    19 12 31
        Male
    9 17 26
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        White
    28 28 56
        Missing
    0 1 1
    Primary Disease Site
    Units: Subjects
        Gallbladder Cancer
    5 6 11
        Ampulla of Vater
    3 3 6
        Inthrahepatic Bile Ducts
    17 17 34
        Extrahepatic bile Ducts
    3 3 6
    Disease Extent at Study Entry
    Units: Subjects
        Metastatic
    28 29 57
    Hystopathological Grade
    Units: Subjects
        Grade 2
    8 5 13
        Grade 3
    8 11 19
        Not assessable
    12 13 25
    Karnofsky Performance Status
    Units: Subjects
        0-69
    0 0 0
        70-79
    5 7 12
        80-89
    1 0 1
        90-100
    22 22 44

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Arm A
    Reporting group description
    Patients were treated with Capecitabine 200mg/m2 alone, Day 1-14 of a 3-week cycle. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression, patient refusal, consent withdrawal, medical decision or for a maximum of 6 months. The continuation of treatment after 6 months was decided on an individual basis, taking into account tolerability, toxicity and response, in the interest of the patient. Patients who discontinued the treatment in absence of disease progression were followed up until documentation of disease progression or start of another anticancer therapy.

    Reporting group title
    Arm B
    Reporting group description
    Capecitabine 2000 mg m2, Day 1-14 in combination with Mytomicin C 6 mg/m2 Day 1 of a 3-week cycle. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression, patient refusal, consent withdrawal, medical decision or for a maximum of 6 months. The continuation of treatment after 6 months was decided on an individual basis, taking into account tolerability, toxicity and response, in the interest of the patient. Patients who discontinued the treatment in absence of disease progression were followed up until documentation of disease progression or start of another anticancer therapy.

    Subject analysis set title
    Patients Evaluable for Efficacy Analysis
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    This is the patient population for the primary efficacy analysis of PFS-6 rate and consists of all eligible and treated patients who fulfil the following additional conditions: • The patient has baseline tumor/oncologic assessment. • The patient has received at least the first treatment cycle. • The patient doesn’t die within the first 3 weeks of treatment, thus preventing any benefit from the therapy. In case that the patient has not progressed or died before the 6 month tumour assessment and missed it, s/he will be classified as • failure, if at the following assessment s/he is rated as PD or there is no further information or dies without a re-assessment. • response, if at the following assessment s/he is SD or better If deemed of clinical interest, patient disposition, baseline characteristics and treatment exposure will be presented also in this population.

    Primary: Progression-free survival rate at 6 months from treatment start (PFS-6)

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    End point title
    Progression-free survival rate at 6 months from treatment start (PFS-6) [1]
    End point description
    The PFS-6 rate, is calculated as the proportion of evaluable patients known to be alive and progression-free at ≥ 6 months since study treatment start out of the total number of evaluable patients. If 8 or more responses is achieved out of first 26 evaluable patients it is concluded that the regimen(s) deserve further exploration. Supportive analyses of the primary endpoint include the estimation of the PFS-6 rate together with its exact, two-tail, 95% confidence interval and the estimation of the PFS curve by the Kaplan-Meier method in both the evaluable and the treated patient population.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    At six months from treatment start.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No formal comparison between the two arms was to be performed. The main goal of the study was to assess whether either of the regimens or both were worth being explored further in a confirmatory trial in the indication.
    End point values
    Arm A Arm B
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    29
    Units: percent
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    8 (0.98 to 26.03)
    10.34 (2.19 to 27.35)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Progression free survival

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    End point title
    Progression free survival
    End point description
    Progression-free survival is calculated as the time from the treatment start to the date of first documentation of objective progression or of death due to any cause, whichever comes first. Subjects who have not progressed while on study and have not died while on study are censored at the last evaluable radiographic assessment date.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From treatment start to progression disease or death.
    End point values
    Arm A Arm B
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    29
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    2.1 (1.94 to 2.89)
    2.33 (2.07 to 4.53)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Objective Response Rate

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    End point title
    Objective Response Rate
    End point description
    Objective Response Rate is the relative frequency of either a complete or partial response while on study; subjects prematurely discontinuing without a post-baseline tumour response assessment or subjects with an observed complete or partial response that is not confirmed are considered non-responders. Point and 95% confidence interval estimates are calculated for the objective tumor response rate. The analysis is performed in the evaluable and in the treated patient populations. The estimates of the rates of unconfirmed tumor objective responses ia also provided and considered as supportive.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From randomization to first documentation of objective progression.
    End point values
    Arm A Arm B
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    29
    Units: percent
    number (confidence interval 95%)
        Confirmed CR plus PR
    0 (0 to 0)
    3.4 (0.1 to 17.8)
        Unconfirmed CR plus PR
    4 (0.1 to 20.4)
    3.4 (0.1 to 17.8)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Overall Survival

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    End point title
    Overall Survival
    End point description
    Overall Survival (OS) is the time from the date of randomization to the date of death from any cause. Subjects who are known to be alive or for whom a date of death is unknown, are censored on the later of the date of the last study assessment or last known telephone contact.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From the randomization to death from any cause.
    End point values
    Arm A Arm B
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    29
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    10.09 (4.47 to 14.06)
    8.11 (5.06 to 15.08)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Disease Control Rate

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    End point title
    Disease Control Rate
    End point description
    Disease Control Rate is the relative frequency of confirmed objective responses and long lasting (SD≥ 6 months) stabilizations measured from the date of randomization to the date of first documentation of objective progression. Point and 95% confidence interval estimates are calculated for the disease control rate (confirmed CRs / PRs and SD >= 6 weeks). The analysis are performed in the evaluable and in the treated patient populations.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From randomization to first documentation of objective progression.
    End point values
    Arm A Arm B
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    29
    Units: percent
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    28 (12.1 to 49.4)
    37.9 (20.7 to 57.7)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Before treatment administration at baseline (baseline signs and symptoms), on treatment until the safety follow up visit (42 days after the last dose of study drug administration).
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    The adverse events (AEs) are coded by the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) and their severity graded according to the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03. All SAEs and non-serious AEs are collected.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    5.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Arm A
    Reporting group description
    Patients treated with oral capecitabine 2000 mg/m2 day 1-14 in two divided doses taken with food.

    Reporting group title
    Arm B
    Reporting group description
    Patients treated with oral capecitabine 2000 mg/m2 day 1-14 in two divided doses taken with food plus bolus IV infusion mitomycin C 6 mg/m2 dissolved in sterile water for injection with a ratio of 10 mg/20ml or 40 mg/80 ml respectively on day 1

    Serious adverse events
    Arm A Arm B
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    7 / 29 (24.14%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    23
    21
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Stent Occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Progression Disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    0 / 29 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Ascites
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholecystitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Renal failure acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Abdominal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Anorexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    0 / 29 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Arm A Arm B
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    21 / 26 (80.77%)
    19 / 29 (65.52%)
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 26 (11.54%)
    6 / 29 (20.69%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    8
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    5
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    7 / 29 (24.14%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    15
    Disease progression
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    14 / 29 (48.28%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    21
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Leukopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 26 (19.23%)
    5 / 29 (17.24%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    6
    Abdominal Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 26 (11.54%)
    8 / 29 (27.59%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    10
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 26 (11.54%)
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    5
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    5
    Stomatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 26 (19.23%)
    6 / 29 (20.69%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    8
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Pain in limb
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    0 / 29 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Anorexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 26 (7.69%)
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    Not Applicable

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659366
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