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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A fixed dose, dose-response study of ropinirole prolonged release (PR) as adjunctive treatment to L-dopa in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2011-002828-41
    Trial protocol
    EE   SK  
    Global end of trial date
    18 Nov 2014

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    27 Apr 2016
    First version publication date
    29 Jul 2015
    Other versions

    Trial information

    Close Top of page
    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    ROP111569
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01494532
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    GlaxoSmithKline
    Sponsor organisation address
    980 Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex, United Kingdom,
    Public contact
    GSK Response Center, GlaxoSmithKline, 1 8664357343,
    Scientific contact
    GSK Response Center, GlaxoSmithKline, 1 8664357343,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    30 Jun 2015
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    18 Nov 2014
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To characterise the dose response for ropinirole PR as adjunctive treatment to L-dopa in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. Study participation will last up to a maximum of 33 weeks: 1-2 weeks for screening, an 13-21 week up-titration period, a 4-7 week maintenance period, 1 week down titration and a 1-2 week follow up period after the last dose of study medication.
    Protection of trial subjects
    All subjects signed an Informed Consent form to participate in the study. If a subject experienced poor tolerability and the Investigator believed that the tolerability symptoms would not subside, dose adjustments could be made involving L-dopa initially with no change to the study medication dose level. Only after all available L-dopa dosing strategies had been employed could the investigator consider adjustment in the dose level of study medication. Only L-dopa adjustments could be made in titration stage 1. The duration of the titration period was extended for dose adjustments required due to tolerability issues. Otherwise, the subject continued on the visit schedule until the subject either reached the target dose level or highest tolerated dose.
    Background therapy
    All subjects were required to be taking L-dopa.
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    02 Apr 2012
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 67
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Chile: 42
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Estonia: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 22
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 143
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Slovakia: 26
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 47
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    352
    EEA total number of subjects
    31
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    171
    From 65 to 84 years
    180
    85 years and over
    1

    Subject disposition

    Close Top of page
    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Eligible participants(par) were diagnosed with advanced stage idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (PD), demonstrated lack of control with Levo(L)-dopa therapy, and on a stable dose of L-dopa for a minimum of 4 weeks prior to screening. Par were randomized into one of six treatment arms to receive placebo or ropinirole prolonged release(PR) tablets.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    After screening, par underwent a 13 Week up-titration period until reaching their target dose and continued on their target dose for a 4 Week Maintenance Period up to Week 17. All par underwent a 1 Week down-titration period and then a follow-up visit 2 Weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study Period (Up to 33 Weeks) (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Arm description
    Participants (par) were administered matching prolonged release (PR) placebo tablet once daily (OD) for up to 17 Weeks followed by down titration with placebo over 1 week. Par completed a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    For the ropinirole PR tablets and matching placebo the oral prolonged release / extended release tablets are white aqueous film coated capsule shaped tablets, 12.62 millimeter(mm) x 6.91mm, with 'SB' debossed on both sides. The Investigational product will be supplied to the clinic in white HDPE 85cc bottles with a 33mm induction heat sealed child resistant cap. Each bottle will contain 18 tablets of either ropinirole PR 2mg, 4mg, 8mg or placebo to match. Subjects will be required to take one tablet per day from each dispensed bottle of medication. Each bottle will be sufficient for 14 days dosing with 4 days overage to allow some flexibility of participant visits. Participants will be instructed to take the medication at the same time every day.

    Arm title
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Arm description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 milligrams per day (mg/day), OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2 and continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to placebo for down-titration for 1 Week before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ropinirole PR
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    For the ropinirole PR tablets and matching placebo the oral prolonged release / extended release tablets are white aqueous film coated capsule shaped tablets, 12.62mm x 6.91mm, with 'SB' debossed on both sides. The Investigational product will be supplied to the clinic in white HDPE 85cc bottles with a 33mm induction heat sealed child resistant cap. Each bottle will contain 18 tablets of either ropinirole PR 2mg, 4mg, 8mg or placebo to match. Subjects will be required to take one tablet per day from each dispensed bottle of medication. Each bottle will be sufficient for 14 days dosing with 4 days overage to allow some flexibility of participant visits. Participants will be instructed to take the medication at the same time every day.

    Arm title
    Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Arm description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, and 8 mg/day at Week 4. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 6.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ropinirole PR
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    For the ropinirole PR tablets and matching placebo the oral prolonged release / extended release tablets are white aqueous film coated capsule shaped tablets, 12.62mm x 6.91mm, with 'SB' debossed on both sides. The Investigational product will be supplied to the clinic in white HDPE 85cc bottles with a 33mm induction heat sealed child resistant cap. Each bottle will contain 18 tablets of either ropinirole PR 2mg, 4mg, 8mg or placebo to match. Subjects will be required to take one tablet per day from each dispensed bottle of medication. Each bottle will be sufficient for 14 days dosing with 4 days overage to allow some flexibility of participant visits. Participants will be instructed to take the medication at the same time every day.

    Arm title
    Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Arm description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4 and 12 mg/day at Week 6. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 8.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ropinirole PR
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    For the ropinirole PR tablets and matching placebo the oral prolonged release / extended release tablets are white aqueous film coated capsule shaped tablets, 12.62mm x 6.91mm, with 'SB' debossed on both sides. The Investigational product will be supplied to the clinic in white HDPE 85cc bottles with a 33mm induction heat sealed child resistant cap. Each bottle will contain 18 tablets of either ropinirole PR 2mg, 4mg, 8mg or placebo to match. Subjects will be required to take one tablet per day from each dispensed bottle of medication. Each bottle will be sufficient for 14 days dosing with 4 days overage to allow some flexibility of participant visits. Participants will be instructed to take the medication at the same time every day.

    Arm title
    Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Arm description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6 and 16 mg/day at Week 8. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 12.0 mg/day for 4 days then 6.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ropinirole PR
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    For the ropinirole PR tablets and matching placebo the oral prolonged release / extended release tablets are white aqueous film coated capsule shaped tablets, 12.62mm x 6.91mm, with 'SB' debossed on both sides. The Investigational product will be supplied to the clinic in white HDPE 85cc bottles with a 33mm induction heat sealed child resistant cap. Each bottle will contain 18 tablets of either ropinirole PR 2mg, 4mg, 8mg or placebo to match. Subjects will be required to take one tablet per day from each dispensed bottle of medication. Each bottle will be sufficient for 14 days dosing with 4 days overage to allow some flexibility of participant visits. Participants will be instructed to take the medication at the same time every day.

    Arm title
    Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Arm description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6, 16 mg/day at Week 8, 20 mg/day at Week 10, and 24 mg/day at Week 12. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the maintenance or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 16.0 mg/day for 4 days then 8.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ropinirole PR
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    For the ropinirole PR tablets and matching placebo the oral prolonged release / extended release tablets are white aqueous film coated capsule shaped tablets, 12.62mm x 6.91mm, with 'SB' debossed on both sides. The Investigational product will be supplied to the clinic in white HDPE 85cc bottles with a 33mm induction heat sealed child resistant cap. Each bottle will contain 18 tablets of either ropinirole PR 2mg, 4mg, 8mg or placebo to match. Subjects will be required to take one tablet per day from each dispensed bottle of medication. Each bottle will be sufficient for 14 days dosing with 4 days overage to allow some flexibility of participant visits. Participants will be instructed to take the medication at the same time every day.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Started
    75
    25
    76
    75
    76
    25
    Completed
    65
    21
    59
    60
    64
    25
    Not completed
    10
    4
    17
    15
    12
    0
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    3
    1
    4
    3
    2
    -
         Physician decision
    -
    1
    1
    2
    -
    -
         Subject reached protocol-defined stopping criteria
    -
    -
    1
    -
    -
    -
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    4
    1
    8
    6
    5
    -
         Lost to follow-up
    1
    -
    -
    2
    -
    -
         Protocol deviation
    2
    1
    3
    2
    3
    -
         Lack of efficacy
    -
    -
    -
    -
    2
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants (par) were administered matching prolonged release (PR) placebo tablet once daily (OD) for up to 17 Weeks followed by down titration with placebo over 1 week. Par completed a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 milligrams per day (mg/day), OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2 and continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to placebo for down-titration for 1 Week before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, and 8 mg/day at Week 4. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 6.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4 and 12 mg/day at Week 6. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 8.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6 and 16 mg/day at Week 8. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 12.0 mg/day for 4 days then 6.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6, 16 mg/day at Week 8, 20 mg/day at Week 10, and 24 mg/day at Week 12. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the maintenance or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 16.0 mg/day for 4 days then 8.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day Total
    Number of subjects
    75 25 76 75 76 25 352
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    63.7 ( 9.98 ) 66.5 ( 7.45 ) 65.6 ( 9.19 ) 65.2 ( 9.62 ) 63.7 ( 9.13 ) 66.9 ( 7.94 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    42 12 33 33 38 10 168
        Male
    33 13 43 42 38 15 184
    Race, customized
    Units: Subjects
        African American/African Heritage
    2 0 0 0 0 0 2
        American Indian or Alaskan Native
    0 0 0 1 0 0 1
        Asian - East Asian Heritage
    3 3 3 4 6 1 20
        Asian - Japanese Heritage
    0 0 0 1 0 0 1
        Asian - South East Asian Heritage
    0 1 0 1 1 0 3
        White - White/Caucasian/European Heritage
    70 21 73 68 69 24 325

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants (par) were administered matching prolonged release (PR) placebo tablet once daily (OD) for up to 17 Weeks followed by down titration with placebo over 1 week. Par completed a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 milligrams per day (mg/day), OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2 and continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to placebo for down-titration for 1 Week before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, and 8 mg/day at Week 4. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 6.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4 and 12 mg/day at Week 6. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 8.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6 and 16 mg/day at Week 8. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 12.0 mg/day for 4 days then 6.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6, 16 mg/day at Week 8, 20 mg/day at Week 10, and 24 mg/day at Week 12. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the maintenance or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 16.0 mg/day for 4 days then 8.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Primary: Change from Baseline (BL) in total awake time spent "off" (Hours [hr]) at Week 4 of Maintenance Period (MP)

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline (BL) in total awake time spent "off" (Hours [hr]) at Week 4 of Maintenance Period (MP)
    End point description
    "Off" time is defined as the state in which the participants(par) symptoms include lack of mobility(bradykinesia) with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. Par were asked to record awake time “off ”, awake time "on", troublesome dyskinesias(TD) during awake time "on", or time asleep for 30 minute intervals in 24 hr diary cards for 2 days preceding visits. Total number of awake hrs spent "off" per 24-hr period was the average of the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "off" in each 24-hr diary card. BL is the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose, change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the MP Week 4 values. The Intent to Treat(ITT) Population included all randomized par who received at least one dose of study medication, had a BL efficacy assessment for the outcome, and at least one respective Post-BL efficacy assessment. MMRM model used BL total awake time 'Off', treatment, visit and treatment by visit
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [1]
    21 [2]
    60 [3]
    61 [4]
    65 [5]
    25 [6]
    Units: Hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -1.91 (-2.46 to -1.35)
    -2.04 (-3.02 to -1.06)
    -2.92 (-3.5 to -2.34)
    -2.34 (-2.91 to -1.76)
    -2.8 (-3.36 to -2.24)
    -2.37 (-3.26 to -1.47)
    Notes
    [1] - Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the maintenance period are included
    [2] - Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the maintenance period are included
    [3] - Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the maintenance period are included
    [4] - Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the maintenance period are included
    [5] - Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the maintenance period are included
    [6] - Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the maintenance period are included
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.814 [7]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [7] - P-values are from a Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM).
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.013 [8]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [8] - P-values are from a Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM).
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.287 [9]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [9] - P-values are from a Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM).
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.027 [10]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [10] - P-values are from a Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM).
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.39 [11]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [11] - P-values are from a Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM).
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 6
    Statistical analysis description
    4mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.844 [12]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [12] - P-values are from a nonparametric rank ANCOVA.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 7
    Statistical analysis description
    8mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.03 [13]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [13] - P-values are from a nonparametric rank ANCOVA.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 8
    Statistical analysis description
    12mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.437 [14]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [14] - P-values are from a nonparametric rank ANCOVA.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 9
    Statistical analysis description
    16mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.034 [15]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [15] - P-values are from a nonparametric rank ANCOVA.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 10
    Statistical analysis description
    24mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.808 [16]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [16] - P-values are from a nonparametric rank ANCOVA.

    Secondary: Responder rate defined as the percentage of participants with a 20% reduction in Baseline (BL) "off" time at Week-4 of Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Responder rate defined as the percentage of participants with a 20% reduction in Baseline (BL) "off" time at Week-4 of Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The responder rate was defined as the percentage of par with greater than or equal to (>=) 20 percent (%) reduction in their individual BL "off" time at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period. The "off" time is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility (bradykinesia) with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. Responder Rate (Least Squares [LS] means on inverse linked scale), odds ratio with 95% CI and p-value comparing against placebo were estimated by Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model. Baseline total awake time 'Off', treatment, visit and treatment*visit are included in the model. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [17]
    21 [18]
    60 [19]
    61 [20]
    65 [21]
    25 [22]
    Units: percentage of participants
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    65.4 (52.4 to 76.4)
    68 (46.6 to 83.8)
    75.4 (63 to 84.6)
    64.3 (50.8 to 75.8)
    77.9 (66 to 86.5)
    72 (51.1 to 86.4)
    Notes
    [17] - ITT Population
    [18] - ITT Population
    [19] - ITT Population
    [20] - ITT Population
    [21] - ITT Population
    [22] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.826
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.123
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.398
         upper limit
    3.166
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.233
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.622
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.732
         upper limit
    3.593
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.902
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.953
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.439
         upper limit
    2.065
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.127
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.866
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.837
         upper limit
    4.158
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.564
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.362
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.477
         upper limit
    3.888

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with a >=1 hour reduction in Baseline "off" time at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with a >=1 hour reduction in Baseline "off" time at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The "off" time is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility (bradykinesia) with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The percent change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. Percentage of participants meeting the criterion (LS mean on inverse linked scale), odds ratio with 95% CI and p-value comparing against placebo were estimated by Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model. Baseline 'off-time', treatment, visit and treatment*visit are included in the model. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [23]
    21 [24]
    60 [25]
    61 [26]
    65 [27]
    25 [28]
    Units: percentage of participants
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    72.1 (59.5 to 82)
    70.1 (48.6 to 85.4)
    80.6 (68.7 to 88.7)
    73.5 (59.6 to 83.9)
    83.2 (72.1 to 90.5)
    81.4 (62.3 to 92)
    Notes
    [23] - ITT Population
    [24] - ITT Population
    [25] - ITT Population
    [26] - ITT Population
    [27] - ITT Population
    [28] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.861
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.908
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.31
         upper limit
    2.659
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.277
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.608
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.684
         upper limit
    3.782
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.869
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.074
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.461
         upper limit
    2.5
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.14
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.916
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.808
         upper limit
    4.545
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.362
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.689
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.547
         upper limit
    5.218

    Secondary: Percentage of participants with a >=2 hours reduction in Baseline "off" time at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants with a >=2 hours reduction in Baseline "off" time at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The "off" time is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility (bradykinesia) with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The percent change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. Percentage of participants meeting the criterion (LS mean on inverse linked scale), odds ratio with 95% CI and p-value comparing against placebo were estimated by Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model. Baseline 'off-time', treatment, visit and treatment*visit are included in the model. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [29]
    21 [30]
    60 [31]
    61 [32]
    65 [33]
    25 [34]
    Units: percentage of participants
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    53.7 (39.8 to 67.1)
    45.6 (26.8 to 65.8)
    68.2 (54.8 to 79.2)
    53.6 (39.3 to 67.3)
    63.2 (49.6 to 75)
    51.3 (30.1 to 72)
    Notes
    [29] - ITT Population
    [30] - ITT Population
    [31] - ITT Population
    [32] - ITT Population
    [33] - ITT Population
    [34] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.525
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.723
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.266
         upper limit
    1.965
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.13
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.851
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.834
         upper limit
    4.109
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.992
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.996
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.444
         upper limit
    2.232
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.329
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.48
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.674
         upper limit
    3.248
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.856
    Method
    Generalized Estimating Equations model
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.907
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.315
         upper limit
    2.61

    Secondary: Responder rate according to the clinical global impression-global improvement (CGI-I) scale at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Responder rate according to the clinical global impression-global improvement (CGI-I) scale at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The CGI-I scale allows the investigator to rate the participant's total improvement since the beginning of treatment (Baseline). Baseline is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The scale is rated from 1-7 where 1 = "very much improved", 2 = "much improved", 3 = "minimally improved", 4 = "no change", 5 = "minimally worse, 6 = "much worse", and 7 = "very much worse". The responder rate is defined as the percentage of participants with a score of 1 or 2. The Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model was used to determine CGI responder rate with treatment, visit, and treatment by visit interaction included in the model. Only scheduled visits were included. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [35]
    21 [36]
    60 [37]
    61 [38]
    65 [39]
    25 [40]
    Units: Percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    35
    28
    39
    42
    46
    56
    Notes
    [35] - ITT Population
    [36] - ITT Population
    [37] - ITT Population
    [38] - ITT Population
    [39] - ITT Population
    [40] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in absolute awake time spent "on" without troublesome dyskinesia (TD) at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in absolute awake time spent "on" without troublesome dyskinesia (TD) at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Dyskinesias are involuntary twisting, turning movements caused by medication during “on” time in Parkinson's Disease (PD). TD is defined as those movements that interfere with function and cause meaningful discomfort. Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit. The total number of awake hours spent "on" without TD per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "on" without TD in each 24 hour diary card. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the MP Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM). Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (MP) (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [41]
    21 [42]
    60 [43]
    61 [44]
    65 [45]
    25 [46]
    Units: Hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    1.76 (1.15 to 2.36)
    1.21 (0.15 to 2.27)
    2.69 (2.06 to 3.31)
    2.16 (1.54 to 2.78)
    2.49 (1.89 to 3.1)
    2.24 (1.27 to 3.21)
    Notes
    [41] - ITT Population
    [42] - ITT Population
    [43] - ITT Population
    [44] - ITT Population
    [45] - ITT Population
    [46] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.376 [47]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [47] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.036 [48]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [48] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.362 [49]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [49] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.089 [50]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [50] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.403 [51]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [51] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in absolute awake time spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in absolute awake time spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hours spent "on" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of the awake hours spent "on" in each 24 hour diary card. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [52]
    21 [53]
    60 [54]
    61 [55]
    65 [56]
    25 [57]
    Units: Hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    1.7 (1.1 to 2.3)
    1.2 (0.14 to 2.25)
    2.69 (2.06 to 3.31)
    2.23 (1.61 to 2.85)
    2.62 (2.02 to 3.23)
    2.34 (1.38 to 3.31)
    Notes
    [52] - ITT Population
    [53] - ITT Population
    [54] - ITT Population
    [55] - ITT Population
    [56] - ITT Population
    [57] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.419 [58]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [58] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.026 [59]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [59] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.23 [60]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [60] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.033 [61]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [61] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.266 [62]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [62] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline for total sleep time during the night time hours of sleep at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline for total sleep time during the night time hours of sleep at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par. were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total sleep hours during the night time hours of sleep was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of time (hours) asleep during night time in each 24-hour diary card. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [63]
    21 [64]
    60 [65]
    61 [66]
    65 [67]
    25 [68]
    Units: Hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    0.22 (-0.13 to 0.56)
    0.86 (0.25 to 1.46)
    0.22 (-0.14 to 0.58)
    0.15 (-0.21 to 0.51)
    0.14 (-0.21 to 0.49)
    0.04 (-0.51 to 0.6)
    Notes
    [63] - ITT Population
    [64] - ITT Population
    [65] - ITT Population
    [66] - ITT Population
    [67] - ITT Population
    [68] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day v Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.073 [69]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [69] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.996 [70]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [70] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.791 [71]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [71] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.747 [72]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [72] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.6 [73]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [73] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Percent change from Baseline in awake time spent "off" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Percent change from Baseline in awake time spent "off" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The "off" state is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility (bradykinesia), with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. Par. were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hours spent "off" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "off" in each 24-hour diary card. The percent change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values divided by BL values multiplied (×) the results with 100. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [74]
    21 [75]
    60 [76]
    61 [77]
    65 [78]
    25 [79]
    Units: Percentage of "off" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -30.44 (-39.67 to -21.21)
    -30.47 (-46.69 to -14.24)
    -46.65 (-56.27 to -37.03)
    -37.26 (-46.81 to -27.71)
    -48.36 (-57.64 to -39.08)
    -34.37 (-49.23 to -19.5)
    Notes
    [74] - ITT Population
    [75] - ITT Population
    [76] - ITT Population
    [77] - ITT Population
    [78] - ITT Population
    [79] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.998 [80]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [80] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.017 [81]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [81] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.312 [82]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [82] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.008 [83]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [83] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.659 [84]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [84] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Percent change from Baseline in awake time spent "on" without TD at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Percent change from Baseline in awake time spent "on" without TD at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Dyskinesias are involuntary twisting, turning movements caused by medication during "on" time in PD. TD is defined as those movements that interfere with function and cause meaningful discomfort. Par. were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hours spent "on" without TD per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "on" without TD in each 24-hour diary card. The percent change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values divided by BL values × 100. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [85]
    21 [86]
    60 [87]
    61 [88]
    65 [89]
    25 [90]
    Units: Percentage of "on" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    24.55 (15.05 to 34.04)
    15.2 (-1.37 to 31.78)
    35.2 (25.38 to 45.02)
    32.02 (22.2 to 41.84)
    34.45 (24.94 to 43.97)
    29.58 (14.39 to 44.76)
    Notes
    [85] - ITT Population
    [86] - ITT Population
    [87] - ITT Population
    [88] - ITT Population
    [89] - ITT Population
    [90] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day v Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.337 [91]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [91] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.126 [92]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [92] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.283 [93]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [93] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.148 [94]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [94] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.581 [95]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [95] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Percent change from Baseline in awake time spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Percent change from Baseline in awake time spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par. were asked to recordawake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hours spent "on" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "on" in each 24-hour diary card. The percent change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values divided by BL values × 100. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [96]
    21 [97]
    60 [98]
    61 [99]
    65 [100]
    25 [101]
    Units: Percentage of "on" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    21.31 (12.53 to 30.09)
    15.05 (-0.28 to 30.38)
    35.68 (26.6 to 44.77)
    31.28 (22.19 to 40.36)
    32.34 (23.6 to 41.08)
    32.43 (18.39 to 46.48)
    Notes
    [96] - ITT Population
    [97] - ITT Population
    [98] - ITT Population
    [99] - ITT Population
    [100] - ITT Population
    [101] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.486 [102]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [102] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.026 [103]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [103] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.121 [104]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [104] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.081 [105]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [105] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.187 [106]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [106] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Percent change from Baseline in total sleep time during the night time hours of sleep, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Percent change from Baseline in total sleep time during the night time hours of sleep, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par. were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total sleep hours during the night time hours of sleep was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of time (hours) asleep during night time in each 24-hour diary card. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The percent change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values divided by BL value × 100. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [107]
    21 [108]
    60 [109]
    61 [110]
    65 [111]
    25 [112]
    Units: Percentage of total sleep time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    3.99 (-0.42 to 8.39)
    10.79 (3.04 to 18.54)
    4.94 (0.34 to 9.54)
    3.41 (-1.15 to 7.98)
    3.6 (-0.83 to 8.03)
    0.91 (-6.19 to 8.01)
    Notes
    [107] - ITT Population
    [108] - ITT Population
    [109] - ITT Population
    [110] - ITT Population
    [111] - ITT Population
    [112] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day v Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.134 [113]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [113] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.768 [114]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [114] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.859 [115]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [115] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.903 [116]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [116] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.47 [117]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [117] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in the percent awake time spent "off" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change from Baseline in the percent awake time spent "off" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The "off" state is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility(bradykinesia), with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hours spent "off" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "off" in each 24-hour diary card. The percentage of awake time spent "off"= Awake time spent "off" divided by (Awake time spent "off" + Awake time spent "on") × 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the MP Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and MP were analyzed
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (MP) (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [118]
    21 [119]
    60 [120]
    61 [121]
    65 [122]
    25 [123]
    Units: Percentage of "off" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -12.43 (-16.03 to -8.84)
    -11.6 (-17.93 to -5.27)
    -18.41 (-22.16 to -14.66)
    -15.36 (-19.08 to -11.64)
    -17.81 (-21.43 to -14.2)
    -15.01 (-20.81 to -9.22)
    Notes
    [118] - ITT Population
    [119] - ITT Population
    [120] - ITT Population
    [121] - ITT Population
    [122] - ITT Population
    [123] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.822 [124]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [124] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.025 [125]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [125] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.267 [126]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [126] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.039 [127]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [127] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.458 [128]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [128] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in the percent awake time spent "on" in hours (hr) without TD at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change from Baseline in the percent awake time spent "on" in hours (hr) without TD at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Dyskinesias are involuntary twisting, turning movements caused by medication during “on” time in PD. TD is defined as those movements that interfere with function and cause meaningful discomfort. Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hr diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hr spent "on" without TD per 24-hr period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hr spent "on" without TD in each 24-hr diary card. Percentage of awake time spent "on"without TD= Awake time spent "on" without TD divided by(Awake time spent "on" + Awake time spent "off") × 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date, change from BL was calculated by subtracting BL values from MP Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (BL) and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (MP) (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [129]
    21 [130]
    60 [131]
    61 [132]
    65 [133]
    25 [134]
    Units: Percentage of "on" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    12.89 (9.15 to 16.62)
    11.58 (5.01 to 18.15)
    18.34 (14.44 to 22.24)
    14.99 (11.12 to 18.85)
    17.05 (13.3 to 20.8)
    14.56 (8.54 to 20.59)
    Notes
    [129] - ITT Population, Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    [130] - ITT Population, Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    [131] - ITT Population, Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    [132] - ITT Population, Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    [133] - ITT Population, Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    [134] - ITT Population, Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.734 [135]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [135] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.048 [136]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [136] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.443 [137]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [137] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.123 [138]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [138] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.641 [139]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [139] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in the percent awake time spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change from Baseline in the percent awake time spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par. were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of awake hours spent "on" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "on" in each 24-hour diary card. The percentage of awake time spent "on"= Awake time spent "on" divided by (Awake time spent "on" + Awake time spent "off") × 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [140]
    21 [141]
    60 [142]
    61 [143]
    65 [144]
    25 [145]
    Units: Percentage of "on" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    12.43 (8.84 to 16.03)
    11.6 (5.27 to 17.93)
    18.41 (14.66 to 22.16)
    15.36 (11.64 to 19.08)
    17.81 (14.2 to 21.43)
    15.01 (9.22 to 20.81)
    Notes
    [140] - ITT Population.
    [141] - ITT Population.
    [142] - ITT Population.
    [143] - ITT Population.
    [144] - ITT Population.
    [145] - ITT Population.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.822 [146]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [146] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.025 [147]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [147] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.267 [148]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [148] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.039 [149]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [149] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.458 [150]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [150] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in the percent of a 24-hour day spent "off" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change from Baseline in the percent of a 24-hour day spent "off" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The "off" state is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility (bradykinesia), with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of day awake hours spent "off" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "off" in each 24-hour diary card. The percentage of 24 hour day spent "off"= awake time spent "off" divided by 24 x 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the MP Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Par with a non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (BL) and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (MP) (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [151]
    21 [152]
    60 [153]
    61 [154]
    65 [155]
    25 [156]
    Units: Percentage of "off" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -7.94 (-10.26 to -5.62)
    -8.5 (-12.57 to -4.43)
    -12.17 (-14.59 to -9.76)
    -9.75 (-12.14 to -7.35)
    -11.65 (-13.98 to -9.32)
    -9.86 (-13.59 to -6.13)
    Notes
    [151] - ITT Population
    [152] - ITT Population
    [153] - ITT Population
    [154] - ITT Population
    [155] - ITT Population
    [156] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.814 [157]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [157] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.013 [158]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [158] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.287 [159]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [159] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.027 [160]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [160] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.39 [161]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [161] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in the percent of a 24- hour (hr) day spent "on" without TD at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change from Baseline in the percent of a 24- hour (hr) day spent "on" without TD at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Dyskinesias are involuntary twisting, turning movements caused by medication during "on" time in PD. TD is defined as those movements that interfere with function and cause meaningful discomfort. Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hr diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit. The total number of day awake hr spent "on" without TD per 24-hr period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "on" without TD in each 24-hour diary card. The percentage of 24 hr day spent "on" without TD= awake time spent "on" without TD divided by 24 × 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date, change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the MP Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Par with non-missing efficacy observation at BL and during the MP were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (BL) and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (MP) (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [162]
    21 [163]
    60 [164]
    61 [165]
    65 [166]
    25 [167]
    Units: Percentage of "on" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    7.32 (4.81 to 9.83)
    5.03 (0.62 to 9.44)
    11.19 (8.57 to 13.81)
    8.99 (6.4 to 11.59)
    10.4 (7.88 to 12.91)
    9.34 (5.3 to 13.38)
    Notes
    [162] - ITT Population
    [163] - ITT Population
    [164] - ITT Population
    [165] - ITT Population
    [166] - ITT Population
    [167] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.376 [168]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [168] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.036 [169]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [169] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.362 [170]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [170] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.089 [171]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [171] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.403 [172]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [172] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in the percent of a 24-hour day spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change from Baseline in the percent of a 24-hour day spent "on" at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par. were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total number of day awake hours spent "on" per 24-hour period was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of awake hours spent "on" in each 24-hour diary card. The percentage of a 24-hour day spent "on" = Awake time spent "on" divided by 24 × 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [173]
    21 [174]
    60 [175]
    61 [176]
    65 [177]
    25 [178]
    Units: Percentage of "on" time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    7.08 (4.57 to 9.58)
    4.99 (0.59 to 9.39)
    11.2 (8.59 to 13.81)
    9.28 (6.69 to 11.87)
    10.94 (8.42 to 13.45)
    9.76 (5.73 to 13.8)
    Notes
    [173] - ITT Population
    [174] - ITT Population
    [175] - ITT Population
    [176] - ITT Population
    [177] - ITT Population
    [178] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.419 [179]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [179] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.026 [180]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [180] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.23 [181]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [181] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.033 [182]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [182] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.266 [183]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [183] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in total sleep time during the night time hours of sleep as a percentage of a 24-hour day, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in total sleep time during the night time hours of sleep as a percentage of a 24-hour day, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    Par were asked to record awake time "off", awake time "on", TD during awake time "on", or time asleep for all 30 minute time intervals in 24 hour diary cards for the 2 days preceding each visit of the study. The total sleep hours during the night time hours of sleep was the average across the 2 diary cards of the sum of time (hours) asleep during night time in each 24-hour diary card. The percentage of a 24-hour day spent asleep during the night time hours = Total sleep hours during the night time hours of sleep divided by 24 × 100. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [184]
    21 [185]
    60 [186]
    61 [187]
    65 [188]
    25 [189]
    Units: Percentage of time in hours
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    0.91 (-0.53 to 2.35)
    3.57 (1.04 to 6.1)
    0.92 (-0.59 to 2.42)
    0.63 (-0.86 to 2.12)
    0.58 (-0.87 to 2.02)
    0.18 (-2.14 to 2.5)
    Notes
    [184] - ITT Population
    [185] - ITT Population
    [186] - ITT Population
    [187] - ITT Population
    [188] - ITT Population
    [189] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day v Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.073 [190]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [190] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.996 [191]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [191] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.791 [192]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [192] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.747 [193]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [193] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.6 [194]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [194] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score with participants in an "on" state, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score with participants in an "on" state, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The UPDRS is a clinician based rating scale used to measure motor impairments and disability. The UPDRS assesses six features of PD impairment. These are evaluated using a combination of data collected by interview and examination of the par.. One of the six features include the Part III-motor examination where scores can range 0 to 108 with par. in an "on" state where the maximum score indicates the worse condition. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    64 [195]
    21 [196]
    59 [197]
    60 [198]
    65 [199]
    24 [200]
    Units: Score on scale
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -4.75 (-6.78 to -2.72)
    -10.38 (-13.94 to -6.82)
    -8.43 (-10.54 to -6.32)
    -8.34 (-10.43 to -6.24)
    -8.86 (-10.88 to -6.85)
    -10.06 (-13.37 to -6.75)
    Notes
    [195] - ITT Population
    [196] - ITT Population
    [197] - ITT Population
    [198] - ITT Population
    [199] - ITT Population
    [200] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    85
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.007 [201]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [201] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    123
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.014 [202]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [202] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    124
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.016 [203]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [203] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    129
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.005 [204]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [204] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.008 [205]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [205] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in UPDRS Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score with participants in an "on" state, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in UPDRS Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score with participants in an "on" state, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The UPDRS Part II is the ADL score and can range from 0 to 52 as determined by the physician. The higher score indicates the worse condition. Test were performed when the par. is in the "on" state of PD. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [206]
    20 [207]
    60 [208]
    58 [209]
    63 [210]
    24 [211]
    Units: Score on scale
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -1.32 (-2.17 to -0.47)
    -3.08 (-4.61 to -1.56)
    -3.06 (-3.94 to -2.18)
    -2.18 (-3.07 to -1.28)
    -2.63 (-3.49 to -1.77)
    -3.04 (-4.43 to -1.65)
    Notes
    [206] - ITT Population
    [207] - ITT Population
    [208] - ITT Population
    [209] - ITT Population
    [210] - ITT Population
    [211] - ITT Population
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    85
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.047 [212]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [212] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.005 [213]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [213] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    123
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.172 [214]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [214] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    128
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.034 [215]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [215] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    89
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.039 [216]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [216] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in UPDRS ADL score with participants in an "off" state, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in UPDRS ADL score with participants in an "off" state, at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The UPDRS Part II is the ADL score and can range from 0 to 52 as determined by the physician. The higher score indicates the worse condition. Test was performed when the par is in the "off" state of PD. The "off" time is defined as the state in which the participants' symptoms include lack of mobility (bradykinesia) with or without additional features such as tremor or rigidity. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the Maintenance Period Week 4 values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    62 [217]
    15 [218]
    52 [219]
    50 [220]
    57 [221]
    22 [222]
    Units: Score on scale
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -2.94 (-4.23 to -1.65)
    -4.5 (-7.12 to -1.88)
    -4.72 (-6.13 to -3.31)
    -4.29 (-5.74 to -2.84)
    -5.76 (-7.11 to -4.41)
    -4.77 (-6.94 to -2.61)
    Notes
    [217] - ITT Population.
    [218] - ITT Population.
    [219] - ITT Population.
    [220] - ITT Population.
    [221] - ITT Population.
    [222] - ITT Population.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    77
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.292 [223]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [223] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    114
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.068 [224]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [224] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    112
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.17 [225]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [225] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    119
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.003 [226]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [226] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    84
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.153 [227]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [227] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in UPDRS Part I at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in UPDRS Part I at Week 4 of the Maintenance Period
    End point description
    The UPDRS Part I scores mentation, behavior and mood as determined by a physician and par. were tested during the "on" phase of PD. This component of the UPDRS is the total score for 4 items (the items 1 to 4 include intellectual impairment, thought disorder, motivation / initiative, and depression) and may have a value ranging from 0 to 16 as determined by a physician. The higher score (16) indicates the maximum score and the worse condition. All 4 items have to be present for a total score to be calculated. If one or more items are missing, the total score for the component would also be missing. BL is defined as the last non-missing assessment measured on or before the first dose date. The change from BL was calculated by subtracting the BL values from the individual post-randomization values. LS means, 95% CIs and P-values were estimated from MMRM. Participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and during the maintenance period were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (BL) and Week 4 of the Maintenance Period (Study Week 17)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    65 [228]
    21 [229]
    60 [230]
    61 [231]
    65 [232]
    25 [233]
    Units: Score on scale
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -0.24 (-0.47 to -0.01)
    -0.44 (-0.84 to -0.03)
    -0.33 (-0.57 to -0.09)
    -0.24 (-0.48 to 0)
    -0.47 (-0.7 to -0.24)
    -0.45 (-0.82 to -0.08)
    Notes
    [228] - ITT Population.
    [229] - ITT Population.
    [230] - ITT Population.
    [231] - ITT Population.
    [232] - ITT Population.
    [233] - ITT Population.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    4 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    86
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.409 [234]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [234] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    8 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    125
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.598 [235]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [235] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 3
    Statistical analysis description
    12 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    126
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.992 [236]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [236] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 4
    Statistical analysis description
    16 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    130
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.169 [237]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [237] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 5
    Statistical analysis description
    24 mg/day vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    Treatment Group A: Placebo v Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.348 [238]
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [238] - Mixed Model Repeated Measures

    Secondary: Percentage of participants withdrawn from the study due to lack of efficacy

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    End point title
    Percentage of participants withdrawn from the study due to lack of efficacy
    End point description
    The percentage of participants who withdrew from the study due to lack of efficacy as defined by either the participant or the investigator is presented here. All participants with a non-missing efficacy observation at Baseline and at least one post-Baseline efficacy assessment at any time during the study were analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From start of study treatment until end of treatment (assessed up to 18 weeks)
    End point values
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Number of subjects analysed
    74 [239]
    25 [240]
    76 [241]
    73 [242]
    76 [243]
    25 [244]
    Units: Percentage of participants
    0
    0
    0
    0
    3
    0
    Notes
    [239] - ITT Population
    [240] - ITT Population
    [241] - ITT Population
    [242] - ITT Population
    [243] - ITT Population
    [244] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Serious adverse events (SAEs) and non-serious AEs were collected from the initial dose of study treatment through the completion of the Follow-up Period (up to 33 Weeks)
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    On-treatment SAEs and non-serious AEs were reported for the Safety Population, comprised all participants exposed to at least one dose of study medication.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    18.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group A: Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants (par) were administered a matching prolonged release (PR) placebo tablet once daily (OD) for up to 17 Weeks. Par completed a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 milligrams per day (mg/day), OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2 and continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to placebo for down-titration for 1 Week before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par. were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, and 8 mg/day at Week 4. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 6.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par. were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4 and 12 mg/day at Week 6. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 8.0 mg/day for 4 days then 4.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6 and 16 mg/day at Week 8. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par. reaching their target dose and completing the Maintenance Period or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 12.0 mg/day for 4 days then 6.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Reporting group title
    Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Reporting group description
    Par were administered a ropinirole PR tablet totalling 2 mg/day, OD for one week. Par were up-titrated to 4 mg/day at Week 2, 6 mg/day at Week 3, 8 mg/day at Week 4, 12 mg/day at Week 6, 16 mg/day at Week 8, 20 mg/day at Week 10, and 24 mg/day at Week 12. Par continued this dose up to study Week 17. Par reaching their target dose and completing the maintenance or withdrawing prematurely were switched to ropinirole PR 16.0 mg/day for 4 days then 8.0 mg/day for 3 days for down-titration before completing a follow-up visit 2 weeks after receiving the last dose of study medication.

    Serious adverse events
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Adenocarcinoma gastric
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Rectal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Impulsive behaviour
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Treatment Group A: Placebo Treatment Group B: 4 mg/day Treatment Group C: 8 mg/day Treatment Group D: 12 mg/day Treatment Group E: 16 mg/day Treatment Group F: 24 mg/day
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 75 (45.33%)
    12 / 25 (48.00%)
    38 / 76 (50.00%)
    40 / 75 (53.33%)
    43 / 76 (56.58%)
    12 / 25 (48.00%)
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 75 (5.33%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    3 / 75 (4.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    0
    2
    3
    2
    0
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    1
    1
    3
    2
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 75 (2.67%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    6 / 75 (8.00%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    3
    3
    6
    5
    2
    Dyskinesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    3 / 76 (3.95%)
    5 / 75 (6.67%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    3
    5
    11
    1
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 75 (5.33%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    3 / 75 (4.00%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    2
    3
    7
    1
    Somnolence
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 75 (5.33%)
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    9 / 75 (12.00%)
    8 / 76 (10.53%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    4
    10
    8
    0
    Sudden onset of sleep
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 75 (2.67%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    3 / 75 (4.00%)
    1 / 76 (1.32%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    4
    3
    1
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 75 (5.33%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 75 (10.67%)
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    5 / 76 (6.58%)
    8 / 75 (10.67%)
    7 / 76 (9.21%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    1
    5
    11
    9
    5
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
    4 / 76 (5.26%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    4
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    2
    0
    2
    2
    Infections and infestations
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    2 / 76 (2.63%)
    2 / 75 (2.67%)
    0 / 76 (0.00%)
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    2
    2
    0
    2

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    13 Feb 2012
    Additions of apomorphine and Deep Brain Stimulation to the list of prohibited treatments, addition of urinalysis to the Time and Events table, and various administrative corrections.
    24 Jul 2014
    Added updates and clarifications to the Secondary Endpoints and Data Analysis Plan descriptions

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
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