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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Open label, single arm, multicenter study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of HX575 epoetin alfa in the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease in pre-dialysis and dialysis patients.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2011-002871-40
    Trial protocol
    DE   PL  
    Global end of trial date
    05 Jun 2015

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    24 Jul 2016
    First version publication date
    24 Jul 2016
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    HX575-308
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01576341
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Hexal AG, a Sandoz company
    Sponsor organisation address
    Industriestrasse 25, Holzkirchen, Germany, 83607
    Public contact
    Sandoz, Strategic Planning Biopharma Clinical Development, 0049 80244760, biopharma.clinicaltrials@sandoz.com
    Scientific contact
    Sandoz, Strategic Planning Biopharma Clinical Development, 0049 80244760, biopharma.clinicaltrials@sandoz.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    27 Oct 2015
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    31 Oct 2014
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    05 Jun 2015
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Main objective was to demonstrate the lack of immunogenicity of HX575 administered s.c. in the treatment of anemia associated with CKD. The secondary objective was to assess the safety of HX575 administered s.c. and to demonstrate that administration at least once per week adequately corrects or maintains the correction of anemia associated with CKD. The study was designed as an open-label, single-arm, multicenter study with a 4-week screening period and a 52-week treatment period in patients with anemia associated with CKD with or without dialysis, and a safety follow-up of only those patients with newly developing anti-EPO antibodies for up to 6 month.
    Protection of trial subjects
    This clinical study was designed, implemented and reported in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Harmonized Tripartite Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice (GCP), with applicable local regulations (including European Directive 2001/20/EC), and with the ethical principles laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki. Safety assessment included adverse events (AEs), vital signs, 12-lead ECG, clinical laboratory, immunogenicity, physical examination and other parameters considered relevant for the safety assessments.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    23 Apr 2012
    Long term follow-up planned
    Yes
    Long term follow-up rationale
    Safety
    Long term follow-up duration
    6 Months
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 47
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 107
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Ukraine: 179
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Turkey: 33
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Romania: 41
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 5
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    417
    EEA total number of subjects
    98
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    317
    From 65 to 84 years
    98
    85 years and over
    2

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Patients, suffering from anemia associated with CKD, were treated s.c. with HX575 at least once per week in order to achieve and maintain Hb concentration within the target range of 10.0 to 12.0 g/dL. 417 patients were enrolled, 416 patients were treated.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Male and female patients (ESA-naïve/on ESA-maintenance therapy, i.v./s.c.) aged 18 years/older, suffering from anemia assoc. with CKD, with/without dialysis treatment. Anemia: Mean Hb conc. <= 11.0 g/dL for ESA naïve, 9.0-12.0 g/dL for patients receiving ESA therapy. Main exclusion: History of PRCA/anti-EPO antibodies, lack of ESA therapy efficacy.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    HX575, safety population (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    Blinding was not applicable.

    Arms
    Arm title
    HX575, safety population
    Arm description
    In the single arm study, HX575 was tested as investigational medicinal product. The single arm includes ESA-naïve patients and patients on ESA-maintenance therapy. Primary endpoint was measured for the overall safety population, secondary endpoints were measured to compare per-protocol-ESA-naïve patients, per-protocol-ESA-maintenance patients, safety population-ESA-naive patients and safety population-ESA maintenance patients.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    HX575
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    HX575 was formulated as a sterile, clear, colorless solution for injection. Prefilled syringes containing different strengths of epoetin alfa. This study enrolled patients suffering from anemia associated with CKD, with or without dialysis treatment. During the treatment period, the dose was individually titrated to maintain Hb concentrations between 10.0 and 12.0 g/dL, and the dosing frequency was adjusted as required. For ESA-naïve patients the starting dose for correcting their anemia was 25 IU/kg of body weight 3 times per week or 75 IU/kg of body weight once per week from Analysis Week 1 to Analysis Week 5, afterwards dose adjustments were possible. Patients on maintenance treatment with short-acting ESA were converted to treatment with HX575 at a weekly dose equivalent to that received before entering the treatment period. It was preferable to keep the dosing frequency unchanged, but possible due to investigator decision.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    HX575, safety population
    Started
    417
    Completed
    324
    Not completed
    93
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    21
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    24
         Physician decision
    2
         Kidney transplantation
    10
         Non specified
    12
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    10
         Administration of an ESA
    6
         Non-compliance
    1
         Lost to follow-up
    2
         Protocol deviation
    5

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    HX575, safety population
    Reporting group description
    The Study was designed as single arm study with HX575 tested as investigational medicinal product. The safety population (SAF) consisted of all patients that received at least one dose of study drug. 417 patients enrolled, 416 treated. Group includes ESA-naïve patients and patients on ESA-maintenance therapy.

    Reporting group values
    HX575, safety population Total
    Number of subjects
    417 417
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    317 317
        From 65-84 years
    98 98
        85 years and over
    2 2
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    52.3 ( 15.78 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    218 218
        Male
    199 199
    Height
    Units: cm
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    166.9 ( 9.44 ) -
    Weight
    Units: kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    70.6 ( 15.92 ) -
    BMI
    Units: kg/m2
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    25.26 ( 5.073 ) -
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Population, ESA naïve Patients
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The safety population (SAF) consisted of all patients that received at least one dose of study drug. For ESA-naïve patients (i.e., patients that had never received ESA treatment or who had not received ESA treatment within the last 2 months before their first screening visit), the starting dose for correcting their anemia was 25 IU/kg of body weight 3 times per week or 75 IU/kg of body weight once per week from Analysis Week 1 to Analysis Week 5. From Analysis Week 5 onwards dose adjustments were possible.

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Population, ESA maintenance Patients
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The safety population (SAF) consisted of all patients that received at least one dose of study drug. Patients on maintenance treatment with short-acting ESA were converted to treatment with HX575 at a weekly dose equivalent to that received before entering the treatment period. It was preferable to keep the dosing frequency unchanged. However, the frequency could be changed at the Investigator’s discretion.

    Subject analysis sets values
    Safety Population, ESA naïve Patients Safety Population, ESA maintenance Patients
    Number of subjects
    250
    166
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
        85 years and over
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    51.7 ( 15.58 )
    53.3 ( 16.08 )
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    108
    90
        Male
    142
    76
    Height
    Units: cm
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    167.2 ( 9.03 )
    166.5 ( 10.02 )
    Weight
    Units: kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    71 ( 15.88 )
    69.9 ( 16.01 )
    BMI
    Units: kg/m2
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    25.34 ( 5.133 )
    25.14 ( 4.995 )

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    HX575, safety population
    Reporting group description
    In the single arm study, HX575 was tested as investigational medicinal product. The single arm includes ESA-naïve patients and patients on ESA-maintenance therapy. Primary endpoint was measured for the overall safety population, secondary endpoints were measured to compare per-protocol-ESA-naïve patients, per-protocol-ESA-maintenance patients, safety population-ESA-naive patients and safety population-ESA maintenance patients.

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Population, ESA naïve Patients
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The safety population (SAF) consisted of all patients that received at least one dose of study drug. For ESA-naïve patients (i.e., patients that had never received ESA treatment or who had not received ESA treatment within the last 2 months before their first screening visit), the starting dose for correcting their anemia was 25 IU/kg of body weight 3 times per week or 75 IU/kg of body weight once per week from Analysis Week 1 to Analysis Week 5. From Analysis Week 5 onwards dose adjustments were possible.

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Population, ESA maintenance Patients
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The safety population (SAF) consisted of all patients that received at least one dose of study drug. Patients on maintenance treatment with short-acting ESA were converted to treatment with HX575 at a weekly dose equivalent to that received before entering the treatment period. It was preferable to keep the dosing frequency unchanged. However, the frequency could be changed at the Investigator’s discretion.

    Primary: Anti-EPO antibodies

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    End point title
    Anti-EPO antibodies [1]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Treatment period (ADA samples used for analysis of primary endpoint collected at visit 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16).
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Due to single arm study design und limitation of the system, statistical analysis could not be mentioned under section "Statistical analysis", but is included in End Point Value table. Statistical analysis is as follows: Exact 2-sided 95% CI (point estimate 1.7 [0.7 to 3.4]).
    End point values
    HX575, safety population
    Number of subjects analysed
    416 [2]
    Units: Percentage
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    1.7 (0.7 to 3.4)
    Notes
    [2] - 417 patients were enrolled, 416 were treated.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from Baseline in Hemoglobin at Visit 16 (End of Study)

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    End point title
    Change from Baseline in Hemoglobin at Visit 16 (End of Study)
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Hemoglobin levels were analysed over time and the change from baseline was measured. Shown here are the results of Visit 16 (End of Study).
    End point values
    HX575, safety population Safety Population, ESA naïve Patients Safety Population, ESA maintenance Patients
    Number of subjects analysed
    343 [3]
    250
    166
    Units: g/dL
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.02 ( 1.606 )
    1.61 ( 1.601 )
    0.22 ( 1.223 )
    Notes
    [3] - Patient-number shows patients with a valid hemoglobin assessment at Baseline and at Visit 16.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events (AEs) were reported from study start to study end. Once an AE was detected it was followed up until resolution or until judged to be permanent. Shown are all AE here, including Treatment-emergent and non-treatment-emergent AEs.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Treatment-emergent AEs started on/after IMP admin., or AEs present before IMP admin. after signing ICF that worsened after receiving the study drug. All AEs reported during the study were listed, described and the onset, duration, intensity, relation to IMP, seriousness, device reaction, action taken with IMP, intervention and outcome was listed.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    17.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    HX575, safety population
    Reporting group description
    Study was designed as single arm study with HX575 tested as investigational medicinal product. Safety population includes ESA therapy naïve patients and ESA maintenance patients. Shown are all AEs including non-treatment related AEs.

    Serious adverse events
    HX575, safety population
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    103 / 416 (24.76%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    25
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    21
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Cerebral haemangioma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Glioma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypertensive crisis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Arteriosclerosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Femoral artery occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Extremity necrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypertensive emergency
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Calcinosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Multi-organ failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Immune system disorders
    Hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Metrorrhagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Benign prostatic hyperplasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pleurisy
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Pulmonary hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Sleep apnoea syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arteriovenous fistula thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 416 (0.72%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Arteriovenous fistula site complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Fibula fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hip fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Rib fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Shunt occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tibia fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Toxicity to various agents
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    Acute coronary syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 416 (0.72%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 416 (0.72%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Angina unstable
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Cardiovascular insufficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Acute left ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Arteriosclerosis coronary artery
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrial tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Cardiac failure chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiomyopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Carditis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Congestive cardiomyopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Myocardial ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Myocarditis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 416 (0.72%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebral haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Extrapyramidal disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhagic cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Ischaemic stroke
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Uraemic encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Gastritis erosive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Duodenal ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Duodenal ulcer haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhagic erosive gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Intestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Oesophageal varices haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Oesophagitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Small intestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Bile duct stone
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Renal failure chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    21 / 416 (5.05%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 25
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
    Azotaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diabetic nephropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Glomerulonephritis chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypertensive nephropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Nephropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Hyperparathyroidism secondary
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Adrenal mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hyperparathyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Osteochondrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 416 (1.44%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Peritonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Device related infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Bronchopneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Intervertebral discitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 416 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Acute hepatitis B
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Carbuncle
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Endocarditis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Erysipelas
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Laryngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lobar pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Orchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Osteomyelitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyelonephritis chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Staphylococcal sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Acidosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diabetes mellitus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Fluid retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypocalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypoglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 416 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    HX575, safety population
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    198 / 416 (47.60%)
    Investigations
    C-reactive protein increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 416 (1.44%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Blood potassium increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arteriovenous fistula thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Arteriovenous fistula site complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 416 (10.10%)
         occurrences all number
    75
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 416 (1.92%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 416 (2.16%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 416 (1.68%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 416 (2.16%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 416 (0.72%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Renal failure chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    39 / 416 (9.38%)
         occurrences all number
    42
    Endocrine disorders
    Hyperparathyroidism secondary
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Hyperparathyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Muscle spasms
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 416 (1.68%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Infections and infestations
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 416 (3.13%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 416 (2.40%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 416 (2.16%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Respiratory tract infection viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 416 (1.20%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 416 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 416 (4.57%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    Hypocalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 416 (1.92%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Hyperphosphataemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 416 (1.44%)
         occurrences all number
    6

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    14 Feb 2012
    Protocol amendment 1 was issued following the recommendation of the German Health Authority to include a more detailed risk-benefit assessment and to introduce a stopping rule related to immunogenic adverse effects of HX575. Furthermore, a minor inconsistency in the protocol was corrected and references were added, which became available after protocol finalization.
    14 Aug 2012
    Protocol amendment 3 was issued to add clarifying information on the time point of sample collection for immunogenicity testing at Visit 1, to clarify the fasting status of patients, to add upper limits for serum ferritin and transferrin saturation to the inclusion criteria, to remove the lower hemoglobin threshold for ESA-naïve patients from the inclusion criteria, to add the Cockcroft-Gault formula for the calculation of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), to make a correction in the wording of anemia and to change the unit regarding the threshold of reticulocytes applied to the case definition of suspected or proven anti-EPO antibody induced PRCA. At this occasion one typographical error was corrected and pharmacovigilance data was updated.
    23 Nov 2012
    Protocol amendment 4 has been issued to align the eligibility criteria with the current KDIGO guidelines by changing the lower limit for serum ferritin for patients not on dialysis, to allow the inclusion of patients who are pre-treated with ESAs via the i.v. route of administration and to allow the inclusion of patients receiving long-acting ESA therapy with an application frequency of less than once weekly. Further, to introduce a clearer wording for exclusion criterion no 9, to include hemoglobin values obtained by unscheduled visits during the screening period to the calculation of the mean value, to include the prolongation of the SAE reporting period as a safety follow-up measure for prematurely withdrawn patients, to align the study protocol with the local amendment requested by the Central Ethics Committee in Bari, Italy, to update the list of literature references, and to correct a typing error.
    24 Jun 2014
    Amendment 5 was issued by the sponsor on 24-June-2014, but was not submitted to any regulatory authorities. Therefore, changes to specific sections of the protocol implemented by amendment 5 are shown in the track changes version together with changes implemented by amendment 6. With the submission of amendment 6, amendment 5 gets formally incorporated, with the following rationale and changes: The purpose of this amendment is to implement safety follow-up measures after study completion or termination in patients who show confirmed positive results for binding anti-EPO antibodies in the RIP assay in order to monitor the evolution of such antibodies and ensure any potential case of a clinically relevant immunogenic reaction is detected. The duration of the follow-up will comprise between 6 and 12 months depending on the patient’s post-study ESA treatment.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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