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    Clinical Trial Results:
    The treatment of traumatized refugees with Setraline versus Venlafaxine - a randomized trial.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2011-006228-19
    Trial protocol
    DK  
    Global end of trial date
    01 Oct 2014

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    03 Jul 2021
    First version publication date
    03 Jul 2021
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    Summary, PTF3

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    PTF3
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01569685
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    The Danish Data Protection Agency: RHP-2012-07, The Danish Ethics Comittee: H-3-2012-020
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Competence centre for Transcultural Psychiatry
    Sponsor organisation address
    Maglevaenget 21, Ballerup, Denmark, 2750
    Public contact
    CTP, Competencecenter for Transcultural Psychiatry, 0045 38645178, charlotte.sonne@regionh.dk
    Scientific contact
    CTP, Competencecenter for Transcultural Psychiatry, 0045 38645178, charlotte.sonne@regionh.dk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    31 May 2016
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    30 Sep 2014
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    01 Oct 2014
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To investigate whether or not there is a difference in the treament effect of Venlafaxine and Sertraline on PTSD symptoms in traumatized refugees.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Information was given orally and in writing to each trial subject regarding risks and possible side effects in participating in the study. In the information given, participants were strongly urged to tell their doctor of any side effects, when taking the medication. The most common side effects of the medicines was mentioned, and then the written information was explained. The written information was read aloud by the interpreter and the patients were given the opportunity to ask any questions he/she might have. If a patient did not wish to participate in the study, he/she was offered treatment independently of the trial. If new knowledge was generated during the trial, patients was informed of this, e.g. regarding the effect and side effects of the treatment.
    Background therapy
    Cognitive behavioral therapy, following a manual.
    Evidence for comparator
    There was limited knowledge about the treatment effect in the patient group, and as there is insufficient knowledge about which of the treatments offered to the patients is the best. Moreover, all patients was given treatment as part of the trial. in addition to the above, it would be unethical to continue to give patients long-term and expensive treatment, if the effect of it is not known. Due to the very limited evidence in this area, this would be the case, if no attempts were made to create evidence on the treatment effect.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    01 Apr 2012
    Long term follow-up planned
    Yes
    Long term follow-up rationale
    Efficacy
    Long term follow-up duration
    18 Months
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 207
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    207
    EEA total number of subjects
    207
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    207
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Patient were recruited at Competence center for Transcultural Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Ballerup, Denmark from April, 2012 to september 2013. The participant had to be over 18 years old, refugees or reunified with a refugee, have symptoms of PTSD, been previously traumatized, motivated for treatment and having signed informed consent.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The screening for eligible patients to participate began in april, 2012, and the estimated enrollment were 190 patients.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Single blind
    Roles blinded
    Assessor [1]
    Blinding implementation details
    Neither doctors nor patients were blinded in this study, while the raters administering the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) were blinded to the time of the interview (so that the raters did not know whether it was a pre-treatment or post-treatment interview) and to the intervention group

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Sertralin
    Arm description
    oral administration- treatment of depression
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Sertraline
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    SERTRALINE CAS number: 79617-96-2 EV Substance Code: SUB10499MIG Strength Concentration unit: mg milligram(s) Concentration type: up to Concentration number: 200 The IMP contains an Active substance of chemical origin: Yes

    Arm title
    Venaflaxin
    Arm description
    Oral administration- treatment of depression.
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    VENLAFAXINE HYDROCHLORIDE
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule, hard
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Product name: Venlafaxin Pharmaceutical form: Capsule, hard Specific paediatric formulation: No Routes of administration for this IMP: Oral use CAS number: 99300-78-4 Other descriptive name: VENLAFAXINE HYDROCHLORIDE EV Substance Code: SUB05087MIG Strength Concentration unit: mg milligram(s) The IMP contains an Active substance of chemical origin: Yes

    Notes
    [1] - The roles blinded appear inconsistent with a simple blinded trial.
    Justification: Neither doctors nor patients were blinded in this study, while the raters administering the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) were blinded to the time of the interview (so that the raters did not know whether it was a pre-treatment or post-treatment interview) and to the intervention group
    Number of subjects in period 1
    Sertralin Venaflaxin
    Started
    109
    98
    Completed
    109
    98

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Sertralin
    Reporting group description
    oral administration- treatment of depression

    Reporting group title
    Venaflaxin
    Reporting group description
    Oral administration- treatment of depression.

    Reporting group values
    Sertralin Venaflaxin Total
    Number of subjects
    109 98 207
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    109 98 207
        From 65-84 years
    0 0 0
        85 years and over
    0 0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    44.0 ± 9.7 43.2 ± 9.6 -
    Gender categorical
    there were 61 males who recieved venaflaxine and 63 males who recieved sertraline. there were 124 men in total who participated in the trial.
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    46 37 83
        Male
    63 61 124
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Mixed model analysis
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Differences between posttreatment and pre-treatment ratings were analysed using a mixed model, which for each outcome included intervention group, rating time (pre-treatment vs. posttreatment) and the interaction between intervention group and time as predictors. please see table 2

    Subject analysis sets values
    Mixed model analysis
    Number of subjects
    195
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    207
        From 65-84 years
    0
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    ±
    Gender categorical
    there were 61 males who recieved venaflaxine and 63 males who recieved sertraline. there were 124 men in total who participated in the trial.
    Units: Subjects
        Female
        Male

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Sertralin
    Reporting group description
    oral administration- treatment of depression

    Reporting group title
    Venaflaxin
    Reporting group description
    Oral administration- treatment of depression.

    Subject analysis set title
    Mixed model analysis
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Differences between posttreatment and pre-treatment ratings were analysed using a mixed model, which for each outcome included intervention group, rating time (pre-treatment vs. posttreatment) and the interaction between intervention group and time as predictors. please see table 2

    Primary: Harvard Trauma Questionnaire

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    End point title
    Harvard Trauma Questionnaire [1]
    End point description
    The primary outcome measure was self-reported PTSD symptoms assessed using part IV of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Please see attached papers for results of secoundary outcome measures
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    pra and post-treatment
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: please see attached for statistical analyses
    End point values
    Sertralin Venaflaxin Mixed model analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    104
    91
    195 [2]
    Units: scale points
        arithmetic mean (standard error)
    3.24 ± 0.04
    3.18 ± 0.05
    0.09 ± 0.08
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: 2016_Sonne, Carlsson, Bech, Elklit, Mortensen_Treatment of trauma-affected refugees with venlafaxine versus sertraline.pdf)
    Notes
    [2] - the significance of group differences in the difference between pre- and post treatment ratings.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    September 2012 to October 2014
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    All adverse events were reported during the trial period.
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    Excel
    Dictionary version
    7
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    all groups
    Reporting group description
    all groups

    Serious adverse events
    all groups
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 207 (2.90%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Renal cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    bypass operation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    COPD
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    admission psychiatric unit
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Pain
    Additional description: pain in legs
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    all groups
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    67 / 207 (32.37%)
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 207 (3.86%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Cardiac disorders
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 207 (1.93%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 207 (1.93%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 207 (5.80%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Dry mouth
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 207 (2.90%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Gastrointestinal disorder
    Additional description: bleeding
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Bleeding anovulatory
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 207 (0.97%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Skin disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 207 (1.45%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 207 (3.86%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Oedema
    Additional description: oedema in legs
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 207 (7.25%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Weight increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 207 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27825327
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27251179
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23663588
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