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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A prospective randomized clinical trial on 90Yttrium trans-arterial radio-Embolization (Therasphere) vs. standard of care (sorafenib) for the treatment of advanced Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT).

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2012-005375-14
    Trial protocol
    BE   GB   ES  
    Global end of trial date
    23 May 2017

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    16 Mar 2018
    First version publication date
    16 Mar 2018
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    TS-104
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01887717
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Biocompatibles UK Ltd
    Sponsor organisation address
    Chapman House, Farnham Business Park Weydon Lane, Farnham Surrey, United Kingdom, GU9 8QL
    Public contact
    Chantal Laframboise, Biocompatibles UK Ltd, Chantal.Laframboise@btgplc.com
    Scientific contact
    Chantal Laframboise, Biocompatibles UK Ltd, Chantal.Laframboise@btgplc.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 May 2017
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    23 May 2017
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    23 May 2017
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Assess TheraSphere's meaningful benefit in survival in comparison with the standard-of-care (sorafenib) in patients with good hepatic function and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with portal vein thrombosis (PVT).
    Protection of trial subjects
    This trial was conducted in compliance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines for conducting, recording, and reporting trials, as well as for archiving essential documents. No trial procedures were performed on trial participants until written consent had been obtained from them. The informed consent form (ICF), protocol, and amendments for this trial were submitted to and approved by the Ethics committee.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    Patients randomized to the control group received standard-of-care sorafenib.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    27 Feb 2014
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 20
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 5
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    31
    EEA total number of subjects
    26
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    14
    From 65 to 84 years
    17
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Patient enrollment started on 27 Feb 2014 and was terminated prematurely on 31 Mar 2016 due to slow recruitment, after randomization of 36 patients. Patients were enrolled at 13 centers in 6 countries (USA, BE, ES, FR, UK and IT). Analyses of efficacy and safety were performed on the treated population of 31 patients.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Patients enrolled in this study had been diagnosed with PVT associated with unresectable advanced HCC and were not eligible for any curative procedure. Screening evaluations completed 14 days prior to randomization. Upon meeting eligibility for study participation, patients were randomized 1:1 to the TheraSphere group or the control group.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    overall study period (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    This was an open label study.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Sorafenib
    Arm description
    Patients received sorafenib orally 400 mg twice daily. Medically appropriate dose adjustments and drug holidays due to adverse events (AEs) and toxicity were allowed.
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    sorafenib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    sorafenib
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Patients received twice daily 400 mg, i.e. a total dose of 800 mg.

    Arm title
    Therasphere
    Arm description
    TheraSphere was administered through the hepatic artery. Patients received TheraSphere at a dose consistent with the approved product label to the treated lobe of the liver. The target dose was 120 Gy ± 10%.
    Arm type
    Device

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Therasphere
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Radionuclide generator, Suspension for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intrahepatic use
    Dosage and administration details
    The target dose was 120 Gy ± 10%.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Sorafenib Therasphere
    Started
    16
    15
    Completed
    8
    10
    Not completed
    8
    5
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    5
    1
         Physician decision
    1
    -
         administrative reason
    2
    4

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    overall study period
    Reporting group description
    36 patients were randomized to treatment with TheraSphere or standard-of-care sorafenib. Analyses of efficacy endpoints were performed on the Treated Population, which comprised 31 patients. Summaries of safety endpoints are provided on the Safety Population, which is identical to the Treated Population. Baseline characteristics are reported from the treated population only.

    Reporting group values
    overall study period Total
    Number of subjects
    31 31
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    14 14
        From 65-84 years
    17 17
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    65.8 ± 8.54 -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    6 6
        Male
    25 25
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        White/Caucasian
    27 27
        Black/African-American
    1 1
        Other
    3 3

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Sorafenib
    Reporting group description
    Patients received sorafenib orally 400 mg twice daily. Medically appropriate dose adjustments and drug holidays due to adverse events (AEs) and toxicity were allowed.

    Reporting group title
    Therasphere
    Reporting group description
    TheraSphere was administered through the hepatic artery. Patients received TheraSphere at a dose consistent with the approved product label to the treated lobe of the liver. The target dose was 120 Gy ± 10%.

    Primary: Overall survival (OS)

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    End point title
    Overall survival (OS)
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Overall survival was calculated as the interval between the randomization date and the date of death for any cause, with censoring at the date of last contact for patients alive.
    End point values
    Sorafenib Therasphere
    Number of subjects analysed
    16
    15
    Units: OS - months
    median (full range (min-max))
        Median
    18.2 (2.9 to 18.2)
    14.5 (2.3 to 22.0)
    Attachments
    Kaplan-Meier Plot OS (Treated Population)
    Statistical analysis title
    Overall Survival Statistics
    Comparison groups
    Therasphere v Sorafenib
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    31
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority [1]
    P-value
    = 0.8753
    Method
    Logrank
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.93
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.36
         upper limit
    2.38
    Notes
    [1] - A hazard ratio of <1 corresponds to a longer survival for the Therasphere group.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Safety was assessed at all visits for enrolled patients throughout the duration of the study.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Safety was assessed using v 4.0 of the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology for Adverse Events (NCI: CTAE); CTCAE v. 4.0 standards.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    14.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Sorafenib
    Reporting group description
    Patients received sorafenib orally 400 mg twice daily. Medically appropriate dose adjustments and drug holidays due to adverse events (AEs) and toxicity were allowed.

    Reporting group title
    Therasphere
    Reporting group description
    TheraSphere was administered through the hepatic artery. Patients received TheraSphere at a dose consistent with the approved product label to the treated lobe of the liver. The target dose was 120 Gy ± 10%.

    Serious adverse events
    Sorafenib Therasphere
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 16 (43.75%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    8
    10
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    4
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Hepatic encephalopathy
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    General physical health deterioration
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Influenza like illness
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal vascular malformation
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematemesis
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Nausea
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Epididymitis
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0.05%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Sorafenib Therasphere
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 16 (100.00%)
    6 / 15 (40.00%)
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Excoriation
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Hepatic encephalopathy
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 16 (31.25%)
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    2
    General physical health deterioration
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Oedema peripheral
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 16 (25.00%)
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Fatigue
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 16 (50.00%)
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    1
    Nausea
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    3 / 15 (20.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Stomatitis
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Ascites
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Abdominal pain
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Alopecia
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 16 (25.00%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    0
    Rash
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    2

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    13 Sep 2013
    Protocol version 2.0: Change of sponsor.
    08 Aug 2014
    Protocol version 3.0: - Change in the inclusion/exclusion criteria - Change in the statistical analysis plan - Change in number of patients planned to be included - Change in duration of the study

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    On 23 May 2017, the Sponsor announced early termination of the study because fewer than half of the patients remained in follow-up and there was therefore little scientific value in continuing to collect data from the remaining patients in the study.
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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