| E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation | 
| E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated | 
| Bloodstream infections (BSI) and nosocomial pneumonia due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) |  
| Infecciones de la circulación sanguínea (ICS) y neumonías nosocomiales causadas por enterobacterias resistentes a los carbapenémicos (CRE) |  | 
| E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language | 
| Infection due to Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) |  
| Infección causada por enterobacterias resistentes a los carbapenémicos (CRE) |  | 
| E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Bacterial Infections and Mycoses [C01] | 
| MedDRA Classification | 
| E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation | 
| 
| E.1.2 | Version | 16.1 |  
| E.1.2 | Level | LLT |  
| E.1.2 | Classification code | 10018657 |  
| E.1.2 | Term | Gram-negative bacterial infection NOS |  
| E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004862 |  | 
| E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No | 
| E.2 Objective of the trial | 
| E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial | 
| The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the superiority, in terms of all-cause mortality at 28 days, of a plazomicin-based regimen compared with a colistin-based regimen in the treatment of BSI or nosocomial pneumonia due to CRE. |  
| El objetivo principal de este estudio consiste en demostrar la superioridad, en cuanto a mortalidad por cualquier causa a los 28 días, de un régimen a base de plazomicina con respecto a otro a base de colistina en el tratamiento de ICS o neumonías nosocomiales causadas por CRE.
 |  | 
| E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial | 
| The secondary objectives of this study are: - to compare additional efficacy outcomes and safety of a plazomicin-based regimen with a colistin-based regimen in the treatment of BSI or nosocomial pneumonia due to CRE
 - to evaluate the PK of intravenous (IV) plazomicin in patients with CRE infection.
 - to evaluate the clinical utility of TDM for plazomicin dose adjustment
 |  
| Los objetivos secundarios de este estudio son: - Comparar otros criterios de valoración de la eficacia y la seguridad
 entre un régimen a base de plazomicina y otro a base de colistina en el tratamiento de ICS o neumonías nosocomiales causadas por CRE.
 - Evaluar la farmacocinética (FC) de plazomicina por vía intravenosa (IV) en pacientes con infección por CRE.
 - Evaluar la utilidad clínica del CTF (control terapéutico de fármacos) para ajustar la dosis de plazomicina.
 |  | 
| E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No | 
| E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria | 
| - Male and female patients age 18 to 85 years, inclusive - APACHE II score between 15 and 30, inclusive
 - Presumptive identification of a carbapenem resistant-member of the
 Enterobacteriaceae as defined by rapid testing methods from an appropriate culture specimen ≤ 72 hours prior to study OR definitive identification of a carbapenem resistant-member of the Enterobacteriaceae as defined by local lab identification and susceptibility testing from an appropriate culture specimen ≤ 72 hours prior to study entry
 - Diagnosis of BSI as defined by at least one positive blood culture meeting the above microbiological criteria associated with at least one of the following signs of infection: Fever or hypothermia; New onset arterial hypotension; Elevated total peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count  > 10,000 cells/mm3, > 15% immature neutrophils (band forms) regardless of total peripheral WBC count, or leukopenia with total WBC count < 4500 cells/mm3
 - Or, diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia in a patient on mechanical ventilation, as defined by lower respiratory tract or pleural fluid culture meeting the above defined microbiological criteria, and associated with the following clinical signs of pneumonia: A chest X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan with findings consistent with a diagnosis of pneumonia; Worsening gas exchange; Purulent deep respiratory specimen; AND one of the following: Elevated total peripheral WBC count > 10,000 cells/mm3, > 15% immature neutrophils (band forms) regardless of total peripheral WBC count, or leukopenia with total WBC count < 4500 cells/mm3; Fever or hypothermia
 |  
| - Pacientes de uno u otro sexo y de 18 a 85 años de edad, ambos inclusive.
 - Puntuación APACHE II entre 15 y 30, ambos inclusive
 - La presunta identificación de un miembro de la familia de enterobacterias resistente a los carbapenémicos tal como se define por métodos de detección rápida de una muestra de cultivo apropiado ≤ 72 horas antes del estudio O la identificación definitiva de un miembro de la familia de enterobacterias resistente a los carbapenémicos tal como se define por la identificación del laboratorio local y las pruebas de sensibilidad a partir de una muestra de cultivo apropiado ≤ 72 horas antes de su inclusión en el estudio.
 - Diagnóstico de ICS definida por la presencia de al menos un
 hemocultivo positivo que cumpla los criterios microbiológicos anteriores y acompañado de al menos uno de los siguientes signos de infección: fiebre o hipotermia, hipotensión arterial de nueva aparición, recuento total de leucocitos periféricos > 10.000 células/mm3, > 15% de neutrófilos inmaduros (cayados) independientemente del recuento total de leucocitos periféricos o leucopenia con un recuento total de leucocitos < 4500 células/mm3.
 - O diagnóstico de neumonía nosocomial en un paciente sometido a
 ventilación mecánica, definida por la presencia de un cultivo de vías
 respiratorias inferiores o líquido pleural que cumpla los criterios
 microbiológicos definidos anteriormente y acompañado de los siguientes signos clínicos de neumonía: Radiografía o tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax con hallazgos compatibles con un diagnóstico de neumonía, empeoramiento del intercambio de gases, muestra respiratoria profunda purulenta, Y una de las circunstancias siguientes:  Recuento total de leucocitos periféricos > 10.000 células/mm3, > 15% de neutrófilos inmaduros (cayados) independientemente del recuento total de leucocitos periféricos o leucopenia con un recuento total de leucocitos < 4500 células/mm3, fiebre o hipotermia.
 |  | 
| E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria | 
| - Patient has received more than 72 hours of empirical therapy - Infection with CRE isolate with reduced susceptibilty to colistin
 - Presence of refractory septic shock
 - Objective clinical evidence for any of the following clinical syndromes that necessitates antimicrobial therapy for greater than 14 days: endovascular infection including endocarditis, osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, meningitis and/or other central nervous system infections
 -Objective clinical evidence of infectious involvement of intravascular material not intended to be removed within 4 calendar days of initial positive culture
 - Pulmonary disease that precludes evaluation of therapeutic response including known bronchial obstruction or a history of post-obstructive pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, primary lung cancer or malignancies metastatic to the lung, bronchiectasis, known or suspected active tuberculosis
 - Patients with severe liver disease (Child-Pugh score of Class C)
 - Patients in acute renal failure or on intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) at the time of screening
 - Patients with a history of seizure disorder and who are receiving anti-convulsive therapy
 - Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis or any other neuromuscular disorder
 |  
| - El paciente ha recibido tratamiento empírico durante más de 72 horas - Infección por una cepa de CRE con sensibilidad reducida a colistina
 - Presencia de shock séptico refractario
 - Datos clínicos objetivos de alguno de los síndromes clínicos siguientes con necesidad de tratamiento antibiótico durante más de 14 días: infección endovascular, incluida endocarditis, osteomielitis, infección de prótesis articular, meningitis u otra infección del sistema nervioso central.
 - Datos clínicos objetivos de afectación infecciosa de material
 intravascular sin previsión de extracción en los 4 días siguientes al
 cultivo positivo inicial.
 - Enfermedad pulmonar que excluye la evaluación de la respuesta
 terapéutica incluyendo obstrucción bronquial conocida o antecedentes de neumonía postobstructiva, traqueobronquitis, cáncer de pulmón primario o neoplasias malignas metastásicas en el pulmón,bronquiectasias, tuberculosis activa confirmada o presunta.
 - Pacientes con hepatopatía grave (puntuación de Child Pugh de clase C).
 - Pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda o en hemodiálisis intermitente (HDI) en el momento de selección.
 - Pacientes con antecedentes de trastorno convulsivo y que estén
 recibiendo tratamiento para el trastorno anticonvulsivo.
 - Diagnóstico de miastenia grave u otro trastorno neuromuscular.
 |  | 
| E.5 End points | 
| E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) | 
| The primary efficacy endpoint is all-cause mortality |  
| El criterio de valoración principal de la eficacia será la mortalidad por cualquier causa |  | 
| E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |  | 
| E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) | 
| Secondary efficacy parameters include time to death through Day 28; all cause mortality at 14 days after randomization; assessment of clinical response (as determined by the adjudication committee) at end of treatment, test of cure, and end of study; overall incidence of adverse events; plazomicin PK parameters; and frequency with which the use of TDM leads to a dose adjustment of plazomicin. |  
| Los criterios de valoración secundarios de la eficacia serán el tiempo transcurrido hasta la muerte durante 28 días, la mortalidad por cualquier causa a los 14 días de la aleatorización, la evaluación de la respuesta clínica (según lo determinado por el comité de adjudicación) al final del tratamiento, comprobación de la curación y final del estudio; incidencia global de acontecimientos adversos; parámetros PK de plazomicina, y frecuencia con la que el uso del CTF lleva a un ajuste de la dosis de plazomicina.
 |  | 
| E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point | 
| 14 and 28 days |  
| 14 y 28 días |  | 
| E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial | 
| E.6 | Scope of the trial | 
| E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No | 
| E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No | 
| E.6.3 | Therapy | Yes | 
| E.6.4 | Safety | Yes | 
| E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes | 
| E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | Yes | 
| E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No | 
| E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No | 
| E.6.9 | Dose response | No | 
| E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No | 
| E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No | 
| E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | Yes | 
| E.6.13 | Others | No | 
| E.7 | Trial type and phase | 
| E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No | 
| E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No | 
| E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No | 
| E.7.1.3 | Other | No | 
| E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description |  | 
| E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No | 
| E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | Yes | 
| E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No | 
| E.8 Design of the trial | 
| E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes | 
| E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes | 
| E.8.1.2 | Open | Yes | 
| E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No | 
| E.8.1.4 | Double blind | No | 
| E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Yes | 
| E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No | 
| E.8.1.7 | Other | No | 
| E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial | 
| E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | Yes | 
| E.8.2.2 | Placebo | No | 
| E.8.2.3 | Other | No | 
| E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 | 
| E.8.3 | The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned | No | 
| E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | Yes | 
| E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 5 | 
| E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | Yes | 
| E.8.5.1 | Number of sites anticipated in the EEA | 41 | 
| E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA | 
| E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | Yes | 
| E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No | 
| E.8.6.3 | If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned | 
| France |  
| Greece |  
| Italy |  
| Argentina |  
| Brazil |  
| Colombia |  
| Germany |  
| Korea, Republic of |  
| Spain |  
| Israel |  
| Mexico |  
| Poland |  
| Taiwan |  
| Turkey |  
| Ukraine |  
| United States |  | 
| E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes | 
| E.8.8 | Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
                        visit of the last subject undergoing the trial | 
| Last follow-up call for the last patient |  
| Última llamada de seguimiento para el último paciente |  | 
| E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 3 | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 0 | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 0 | 
| E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 3 | 
| E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 0 | 
| E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 0 |