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    Summary
    EudraCT Number:2013-002082-19
    Sponsor's Protocol Code Number:LAQ-MS-306
    National Competent Authority:Spain - AEMPS
    Clinical Trial Type:EEA CTA
    Trial Status:Prematurely Ended
    Date on which this record was first entered in the EudraCT database:2013-10-31
    Trial results View results
    Index
    A. PROTOCOL INFORMATION
    B. SPONSOR INFORMATION
    C. APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION
    D. IMP IDENTIFICATION
    D.8 INFORMATION ON PLACEBO
    E. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRIAL
    F. POPULATION OF TRIAL SUBJECTS
    G. INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS TO BE INVOLVED IN THE TRIAL
    N. REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY OR ETHICS COMMITTEE IN THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
    P. END OF TRIAL
    Expand All   Collapse All
    A. Protocol Information
    A.1Member State ConcernedSpain - AEMPS
    A.2EudraCT number2013-002082-19
    A.3Full title of the trial
    A Multinational, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Active-Control (Rater Blinded) Study, to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of 2 Doses of Oral administration of Laquinimod (0.6 mg/day or 1.2 mg/day) compared to Interferon beta-1a administered Intra Muscular Once Weekly in Subjects with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)
    Estudio multinacional, multicéntrico, aleatorizado, doble ciego, con grupos paralelos, controlado con fármaco activo (enmascarado para el evaluador), para evaluar la eficacia, seguridad y tolerabilidad de dos dosis de laquinimod administrado por vía oral (0,6 mg/día o 1,2 mg/día) en comparación con interferón beta-1a administrado por vía intramuscular una vez por semana en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente (EMRR).
    A.3.1Title of the trial for lay people, in easily understood, i.e. non-technical, language
    A clinical study in subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of two oral doses of laquinimod either of 0.6 mg/day or 1.2mg/day (experimental drug) as compared to Interferon beta-1a (Avonex, authorised drug) administered once weekly.
    Estudio clínico en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente (EMRR) para evaluar la eficacia, seguridad y tolerabilidad de dos dosis por vía oral (0,6 mg/día o 1,2 mg/día) de laquinimod (medicamento en investigación) en comparación con Interferon beta-1a (Avonex, fármaco comercializado) administrado una vez por semana.
    A.3.2Name or abbreviated title of the trial where available
    LIBRETTO
    A.4.1Sponsor's protocol code numberLAQ-MS-306
    A.7Trial is part of a Paediatric Investigation Plan No
    A.8EMA Decision number of Paediatric Investigation Plan
    B. Sponsor Information
    B.Sponsor: 1
    B.1.1Name of SponsorTeva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.
    B.1.3.4CountryIsrael
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorCommercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportTeva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.
    B.4.2CountryIsrael
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationTeva Pharma GmbH
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointClinical Trial Information Desk
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street AddressWaldeckerstrasse 7
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityMoerfelden-Walldorf
    B.5.3.3Post code64546
    B.5.3.4CountryGermany
    B.5.4Telephone number000000000000
    B.5.5Fax number000000000000
    B.5.6E-mailInfo-era-clinical@teva.de
    D. IMP Identification
    D.IMP: 1
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation No
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameLaquinimod capsules 0.6 mg
    D.3.2Product code TV-5600
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Capsule, hard
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNLAQUINIMOD
    D.3.9.1CAS number 248281-84-7
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeTV-5600
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameLaquinimod Sodium (USAN)
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB25236
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number0.6
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 2
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleComparator
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name Avonex
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderBIOGEN IDEC LIMITED
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationEuropean Union
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Solution for injection
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPIntramuscular use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNINTERFERON BETA-1A
    D.3.9.1CAS number 220581-49-7
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeINTERFERON BETA-1A
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameINTERFERON BETA-1A
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB12440MIG
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit µg microgram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number30
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin No
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) Yes
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product Yes
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.8 Information on Placebo
    D.8 Placebo: 1
    D.8.1Is a Placebo used in this Trial?Yes
    D.8.3Pharmaceutical form of the placeboCapsule, hard
    D.8.4Route of administration of the placeboOral use
    E. General Information on the Trial
    E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.1Medical condition(s) being investigated
    Relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
    Esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente
    E.1.1.1Medical condition in easily understood language
    Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system
    La esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que afecta al sistema nervioso central
    E.1.1.2Therapeutic area Diseases [C] - Nervous System Diseases [C10]
    MedDRA Classification
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 14.1
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10063399
    E.1.2Term Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10029205 - Nervous system disorders
    E.1.3Condition being studied is a rare disease No
    E.2 Objective of the trial
    E.2.1Main objective of the trial
    The overall study objective is to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 2 laquinimod doses, 0.6 mg/day or 1.2 mg daily (QD), in a double-blind design compared to Avonex® (rater blinded) once weekly (QW)
    Study objectives:
    - To evaluate the effect of 2 laquinimod doses (0.6 mg/day or 1.2 mg/day) compared to Avonex® QW on brain atrophy.
    - To evaluate the effect of 2 laquinimod doses (0.6 mg/day or 1.2 mg/day) on new T2 lesions.
    El objetivo general del estudio es evaluar la eficacia, seguridad y tolerabilidad de 2 dosis de laquinimod, 0,6 mg/día o 1,2 mg diarios en un diseño doble ciego en comparación con Avonex® (enmascarado para el evaluador) una vez por semana
    Objetivos del estudio:
    - Evaluar el efecto de 2 dosis de laquinimod (0,6 mg/día o 1,2 mg/día) en comparación con Avonex® una vez por semana sobre la atrofia cerebral.
    - Evaluar el efecto de 2 dosis de laquinimod (0,6 mg/día o 1,2 mg/día) sobre nuevas lesiones en T2.
    E.2.2Secondary objectives of the trial
    To assess the effect of 2 laquinimod doses (0.6 mg/day or 1.2 mg/day) compared to Avonex® on the following patient reported outcomes (PRO):
    - Physical and psychological well-being (Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale; MSIS-29)
    - General health status (36-Item Short Form Health Survey; SF 36)
    - Treatment satisfaction (Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication; TSQM-9)
    - Cognitive performance (Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SDMT)
    - Disability (Patient-Determined Disease Step; PDDS)
    - Effect on work (Work Productivity and Activities Impairment - General Health; WPAI-GH)
    To assess
    - the rate of influenza-like symptoms in the 2 laquinimod doses compared to Avonex®
    - the effect of 2 laquinimod doses compared to Avonex® on thalamic volume, cortical volume, and white matter (WM) volume
    - the dose-response effect of 2 laquinimod doses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical parameters
    - the safety and tolerability of 2 laquinimod doses
    Evaluar el efecto de 2 dosis de laquinimod (0,6 mg/día o 1,2 mg/día) en comp. con Avonex® sobre los sig. resultados percibidos por el pac. (RPP):
    - Bienestar físico y psicológico (escala de impacto de la esclerosis múltiple; MSIS-29)
    - Estado general de salud (cuest. de salud SF-36)
    - Satisfacción con el mdto. (cuest. sobre la satisfacción con el medicamento; TSQM-9)
    - Funcionamiento cognitivo (test de símbolos y dígitos; SDMT)
    - Discapacidad (niveles de enfermedad determinados por el pac.; PDDS)
    - Efecto sobre el trabajo (reducción de la actividad y productividad laboral - Salud General; WPAI-GH)
    Evaluar:
    - la tasa de síntomas pseudogripales con las 2 dosis de laquinimod en comp. con Avonex®
    - el efecto de 2 dosis de laquinimod en comp. con Avonex® sobre el vol. talámico, vol. cortical y vol. de sustancia blanca (SB)
    - el efecto dosis-respuesta de 2 dosis de laquinimod sobre parámetros clínicos y de RM
    - la seguridad y tolerabilidad de 2 dosis de laquinimod
    E.2.3Trial contains a sub-study Yes
    E.2.3.1Full title, date and version of each sub-study and their related objectives
    Sub-studies included within the main protocol dated 24 June 2013:
    - Pharmacokinetic (PK) study: Blood samples for analysis of laquinimod plasma concentrations will be collected from the laquinimod treated subjects at Months 1, 6, and 12 (Termination).If a subject discontinues treatment prematurely, PK samples will be taken up to and including the ETD visit and in no subsequent visit.
    - Pharmacogenomic (PGx) and biomarker assessment: Blood samples for PGx analysis (DNA and RNA) will be collected at Baseline (or if not possible at the next possible visit) from all subjects that sign the informed consent form. The objective of this study is to collect and store DNA and RNA samples for possible association analysis of genetic polymorphisms, and/or gene expression profiles with clinical or paraclinical (MRI) treatment responses to laquinimod doses, in comparison with Avonex. In addition, these data will be used to assess potential safety signals that may arise during the study.

    Ancillary studies:
    - 3D T1-w acquisition of the cervical cord (to be performed in selected sites) will be assessed at Months 0 (Baseline), ETD (if applicable), and Months 6 and 12 (Termination).
    - Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) evaluation (to be performed in selected sites) is performed at Baseline, ETD (if applicable), and Month 12 to assess retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT).
    - Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) MRI (to be performed at selected sites) is assessed at Months 0 (Baseline), ETD (if applicable), and Months 6 and 12 (Termination).
    All subjects participate in ancillary studies, will sign a seperate informed consent form.
    Sub-estudios incluidos en el protocolo de fecha 10 Julio 2013:
    *Estudio farmacocinético (FC): Los Meses 1, 6 y 12 (Finalización) se obtendrán muestras de sangre para analizar las concentraciones plasmáticas de laquinimod en los pacientes tratados con laquinimod. Si un paciente interrumpe el tratamiento de forma prematura, se obtendrán muestras para FC hasta, e incluyendo, la visita IPT, pero no en visitas posteriores.
    *Evaluación farmacogenómica (FGx) y de biomarcadores: se obtendrán muestras de sangre para análisis FGx (ADN y ARN) en la visita Basal (o, si no es posible, en la siguiente visita en la que se pueda realizar) de todos los pacientes que firmen el formulario de consentimiento informado. Todos los centros tienen la obligación de presentar el estudio FGx a los Comités Éticos. El objetivo de este estudio es obtener y guardar muestras de ADN y ARN para el análisis de una posible asociación entre polimorfismos genéticos y/o perfiles de expresión génica con respuestas clínicas o paraclínicas (RM) al tratamiento con dosis de laquinimod, en comparación con Avonex. Asimismo, se utilizarán estos datos para evaluar posibles señales de seguridad que puedan surgir durante el estudio.

    Estudios complementarios
    *La adquisición 3D T1-w de la médula espinal cervical (que se realizará en los centros seleccionados) se evaluará el Mes 0 (visita Basal), IPT (si procede) y Meses 6 y 12 (Finalización).
    *La evaluación de tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral (SD-OCT) (que se realizará en los centros seleccionados) se efectuará en la visita Basal, IPT (si procede) y Mes 12 para evaluar el espesor de la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina (CFNR).
    *La RM con relación de transferencia de magnetización (MTR) (que se realizará en los centros seleccionados) se evaluará el Mes 0 (visita Basal), IPT (si procede) y los Meses 6 y 12 (Finalización).

    Todos los sujetos que participan en los estudios complementarios firmarán una HIP y CI por separado.
    E.3Principal inclusion criteria
    1. Subjects must have a confirmed and documented RRMS diagnosis as defined by the Revised McDonald criteria, with relapse onset disease or a relapsing-remitting disease course.
    2. Subjects must be ambulatory with an Kurtzke EDSS score of 0 5.5 at both at Screening and Baseline (randomization) visits.
    3. Subjects must be in a stable neurological condition, relapse-free and free of any corticosteroid treatment or adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), 60 days prior to randomization.
    4. Subjects must have experienced at least 1 documented relapse in the last year prior to randomization or 2 relapses in the last 3 years prior to randomization.
    5. Subjects must be between 18 and 55 years of age at screening, inclusive.
    6. Women of child-bearing potential must practice an acceptable method of birth control until 30 days after the last dose of treatment was administered.
    7. Subjects must be able to sign and date a written informed consent prior to entering the study.
    8. Subjects must be willing and able to comply with the protocol requirements for the duration of the study.
    1. Los pacientes deben tener un diagnóstico confirmado y documentado de EMRR conforme a la definición de los criterios modificados de McDonald, con una presentación inicial recurrente o un curso remitente-recurrente de la enfermedad.
    2. Deben ser pacientes con capacidad de deambulación, con una puntuación en la escala Kurtzke EDSS de 0 a 5,5 en las visitas de Selección y Basal (aleatorización).
    3. Los pacientes deben encontrarse en una condición neurológica estable, sin recidivas y sin ningún tratamiento con corticoesteroides (intravenoso [i.v.], i.m. y/o por vía oral [v.o.]) o con hormona adrenocorticotropa (ACTH), en los 60 días previos a la aleatorización.
    4. Los pacientes deben haber presentado como mínimo 1 recidiva documentada en el año previo a la aleatorización o 2 recidivas en los 3 años previos a la aleatorización.
    5. Los pacientes deben tener entre 18 y 55 años de edad, inclusive, en el momento de la Selección.
    6. Las mujeres con capacidad de quedarse embarazadas deben utilizar un método anticonceptivo aceptable hasta 30 días después de la administración de la última dosis del tratamiento
    7. Los pacientes deben ser capaces de firmar y fechar un consentimiento informado escrito antes de participar en el estudio.
    8. Los pacientes deben estar dispuestos a, y ser capaces de, cumplir los requisitos del protocolo en el transcurso del estudio.
    E.4Principal exclusion criteria
    1. Subjects with progressive forms of MS.
    2. Subjects with Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO).
    3. Use of experimental or investigational drugs and/or participation in drug clinical studies within 6 months prior to Baseline visit (randomization).
    4. Use of immunosuppressive agents, or cytotoxic agents, including cyclophosphamide and azatioprine within 12 months prior to Baseline.
    5. Prior use of monoclonal antibodies ever, except for:
    - Natalizumab (Tysabri®) if given more than 6 months prior to randomization AND the subject is John Cunningham (JC) virus antibody test negative at Screening.
    - Previous use of Rituximab, ocrelizumab, or ofatumumab is allowed if the B cell count (CD19) is higher than 80 cells /µL.
    6. Previous treatment with glatiramer acetate (Copaxone® ), fingolimod (Gilenya®), BG-12 (Tecfidera), Teriflunomide (Aubagio®) or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) within 2 months prior to Baseline.
    7. Use of mitoxantrone (Novantrone) within 5 years prior to Screening. Use of mitoxantrone (Novantrone) >5 years before screening is allowed in subjects with normal ejection fraction and who did not exceed the total lifetime maximal dose.
    8. Chronic systemic (IV, IM or PO) corticosteroid treatment within 2 months prior to Baseline.
    9. Previous use of cladribine.
    10. Previous use of laquinimod or Avonex® IM.
    11. Treatment with other Interferon-beta (either 1a subcutaneous [SC] or 1b SC) within 60 days before baseline (earlier treatment will be allowed if the reason for discontinuation was not treatment failure or for Interferon-beta related safety reasons. This decision will be taken by the investigator).
    12. Previous total body irradiation or total lymphoid irradiation.
    13. Previous stem cell treatment, autologous bone marrow transplantation, or allogenic bone marrow transplantation.
    14. Acute infection within 2 weeks prior to Baseline visit.
    15. Major trauma or surgery within 2 weeks prior to Baseline visit.
    16. Use of moderate/strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 within 2 weeks prior to Baseline.
    17. Use of inducers of CYP3A4 within 2 weeks prior to Baseline
    18. Pregnancy or breast feeding.
    19. Serum levels >=3 times (x) upper limit of normal (ULN) of either ALT or AST at Screening.
    20. Serum direct bilirubin >=2xULN at Screening.
    21. Subjects with a clinically significant or unstable medical or surgical condition or any other condition that cannot be well-controlled by the allowed medications permitted in the study protocol that would preclude safe and complete study participation, as determined by medical history, physical examinations, ECG, laboratory tests MRI or chest X-ray. months prior to randomization.
    22. Twenty or more gadolinium (Gd)- enhancing (E) lesions on baseline MRI.
    23. A known history of sensitivity to gadolinium (Gd).
    24. GFR <=60 mL/min at the screening visit.
    25. Inability to successfully/safely undergo MRI scanning.
    26. Subjects who underwent endovascular treatment for Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI).
    27. Known hypersensitivity that would preclude administration of laquinimod capsule, such as hypersensitivity to: mannitol, meglumine, or sodium stearyl fumarate.
    28. A known history of hypersensitivity to natural or recombinant interferon beta, human albumin, or any other component of the formulation of Avonex®
    29. Employees of the clinical study site or any other individuals involved with the conduct of the study, or immediate family members of such individuals
    1. Pacientes con formas progresivas de EM.
    2. Pacientes con neuromielitis óptica (NMO).
    3. Uso de fármacos experimentales o en fase de investigación y/o participación en estudios clínicos de fármacos en los 6 meses previos a la visita Basal (aleatorización).
    4. Uso de agentes inmunosupresores o agentes citotóxicos, incluidas ciclofosfamida y azatioprina, en los 12 meses previos a la visita Basal.
    5. Uso previo de anticuerpos monoclonales, excepto:
    -Natalizumab (Tysabri®) si se administró más de 6 meses antes de la aleatorización Y el paciente presenta una prueba de anticuerpos contra el virus John Cunningham (JC) negativa en el momento de la Selección.
    -Se permite el uso previo de Rituximab, ocrelizumab u ofatumumab si el recuento de células B (CD19) es superior a 80 células/µl.
    6. Tratamiento anterior con acetato de glatiramero (Copaxone ® ), fingolimod (Gilenya®), BG-12 (Tecfidera), Teriflunomida (Aubagio®) o inmunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV) en los 2 meses previos a la visita Basal.
    7. Uso de mitoxantrona (Novantrone) en los 5 años previos a la Selección. Se permite el uso de mitoxantrona (Novantrone) durante más de 5 años antes de la selección en pacientes con fracción de eyección normal y que a lo largo de su vida no hayan superado la dosis máxima total.
    8. Tratamiento crónico (más de 30 días consecutivos o dosificación mensual, por ej., con el objeto de modificar la evolución de la EM) con corticoesteroides sistémicos (i.v., i.m. o v.o.) en los 2 meses previos a la visita Basal.
    9. Uso previo de cladribina.
    10. Uso previo de laquinimod o Avonex® i.m..
    11. Tratamiento con otro Interferón-beta (ya sea interferón-beta 1a por vía subcutánea [s.c.] o interferón-beta 1b s.c.) en los 60 días previos a la visita Basal (se permitirá el tratamiento anterior si la razón de su interrupción no fue un fracaso del tratamiento ni motivos de seguridad relacionados con el interferón-beta). El investigador será quien tome esta decisión).
    12. Irradiación corporal total o irradiación linfoide total anterior.
    13. Tratamiento anterior con células madre, trasplante autólogo de médula ósea o trasplante alogénico de médula ósea.
    14. Infección aguda en las 2 semanas previas a la visita Basal.
    15. Traumatismo importante o cirugía mayor en las 2 semanas previas a la visita Basal.
    16. Uso de inhibidores moderados/potentes del CYP3A4 en las 2 semanas previas a la visita Basal.
    17. Uso de inductores del CYP3A4 en las 2 semanas previas a la visita Basal.
    18. Embarazo o amamantamiento.
    19. Niveles séricos de ALT o AST >=3 veces (x) el límite superior de normalidad (LSN) en la Selección.
    20. Bilirrubina sérica directa >=2xLSN en la Selección
    21. Pacientes con una afección médica o condición quirúrgica, o cualquier otra condición, clínicamente significativa o inestable que no puede ser bien controlada por medio de los medicamentos autorizados, permitidos en el protocolo del estudio, que podría impedir que la participación en el estudio sea segura y completa, en base a los antecedentes médicos, exploraciones físicas, ECG, pruebas de laboratorio, RM o radiografías de tórax antes de la aleatorización.
    22. Veinte o más lesiones intensificadas (I) con gadolinio (Gd) en la RM basal.
    23. Antecedentes conocidos de sensibilidad al gadolinio (Gd).
    24. TFG <= 60 ml/min en la visita de Selección.
    25. Incapacidad para someterse a una RM de forma exitosa/segura.
    26. Pacientes que hayan sido sometidos a tratamiento endovascular para una insuficiencia venosa cerebroespinal crónica (IVCEC).
    27. Hipersensibilidad conocida que impediría la administración de la cápsula de laquinimod, como hipersensibilidad a: manitol, meglumina o estearilfumarato de sodio.
    28. Antecedentes conocidos de hipersensibilidad al interferón beta natural o recombinante, albúmina humana o a cualquier otro componente presente en la formulación de Avonex®
    29. Empleados del centro del estudio clínico o cualquier persona implicada en la realización del estudio, o familiares directos de dichas personas.
    E.5 End points
    E.5.1Primary end point(s)
    Change in whole brain atrophy as defined by the percent change in total brain volume between laquinimod 0.6 mg versus Avonex® and laquinimod 1.2 mg versus Avonex®.
    cambio en la atrofia cerebral global, definido por el porcentaje de cambio del volumen cerebral total entre laquinimod 0,6 mg en comparación con Avonex® y laquinimod 1,2 mg en comparación con Avonex®.
    E.5.1.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    Change in whole brain atrophy from Month 0 (Baseline) to Month 12.
    Cambio en la atrofia cerebral global entre el mes 0 (visita basal) y el mes 12.
    E.5.2Secondary end point(s)
    - The cumulative number of influenza-like symptoms experienced on the 2 doses of laquinimod (0.6 mg and 1.2 mg) versus Avonex®
    - The cumulative number of new T2 lesions between the 2 laquinimod doses
    - Número acumulado de síntomas pseudogripales que se han presentado para cada una de la dosis de laquinimod (0,6 mg y 1,2 mg) en comparación con Avonex®
    - Número acumulado de nuevas lesiones en T2 entre las 2 dosis de laquinimod
    E.5.2.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    - The cumulative number of influenza-like symptoms experienced from baseline to Month 3 on each dose of laquinimod (0.6 mg and 1.2 mg) versus Avonex®
    - The cumulative number of new T2 lesions measured at Month 6 and Month 12 between the 2 laquinimod doses
    - Número acumulado de síntomas pseudogripales que se han presentado entre la visita Basal y el Mes 3 para cada una de la dosis de laquinimod (0,6 mg y 1,2 mg) en comparación con Avonex®
    - Número acumulado de nuevas lesiones en T2 determinadas el Mes 6 y el Mes 12 entre las 2 dosis de laquinimod
    E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial
    E.6Scope of the trial
    E.6.1Diagnosis No
    E.6.2Prophylaxis No
    E.6.3Therapy No
    E.6.4Safety Yes
    E.6.5Efficacy Yes
    E.6.6Pharmacokinetic Yes
    E.6.7Pharmacodynamic Yes
    E.6.8Bioequivalence No
    E.6.9Dose response Yes
    E.6.10Pharmacogenetic No
    E.6.11Pharmacogenomic Yes
    E.6.12Pharmacoeconomic No
    E.6.13Others No
    E.7Trial type and phase
    E.7.1Human pharmacology (Phase I) No
    E.7.1.1First administration to humans No
    E.7.1.2Bioequivalence study No
    E.7.1.3Other No
    E.7.1.3.1Other trial type description
    E.7.2Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) No
    E.7.3Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) Yes
    E.7.4Therapeutic use (Phase IV) No
    E.8 Design of the trial
    E.8.1Controlled Yes
    E.8.1.1Randomised Yes
    E.8.1.2Open No
    E.8.1.3Single blind No
    E.8.1.4Double blind Yes
    E.8.1.5Parallel group Yes
    E.8.1.6Cross over No
    E.8.1.7Other No
    E.8.2 Comparator of controlled trial
    E.8.2.1Other medicinal product(s) Yes
    E.8.2.2Placebo No
    E.8.2.3Other No
    E.8.2.4Number of treatment arms in the trial3
    E.8.3 The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned No
    E.8.4 The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned Yes
    E.8.4.1Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned15
    E.8.5The trial involves multiple Member States Yes
    E.8.5.1Number of sites anticipated in the EEA132
    E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA
    E.8.6.1Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA Yes
    E.8.6.2Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA No
    E.8.6.3If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned
    Switzerland
    E.8.7Trial has a data monitoring committee Yes
    E.8.8 Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
    LVLS
    Ultima visita del último paciente
    E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned years2
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned months8
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned days0
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial years2
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial months8
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial days0
    F. Population of Trial Subjects
    F.1 Age Range
    F.1.1Trial has subjects under 18 No
    F.1.1.1In Utero No
    F.1.1.2Preterm newborn infants (up to gestational age < 37 weeks) No
    F.1.1.3Newborns (0-27 days) No
    F.1.1.4Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) No
    F.1.1.5Children (2-11years) No
    F.1.1.6Adolescents (12-17 years) No
    F.1.2Adults (18-64 years) Yes
    F.1.2.1Number of subjects for this age range: 600
    F.1.3Elderly (>=65 years) No
    F.1.3.1Number of subjects for this age range: 0
    F.2 Gender
    F.2.1Female Yes
    F.2.2Male Yes
    F.3 Group of trial subjects
    F.3.1Healthy volunteers No
    F.3.2Patients Yes
    F.3.3Specific vulnerable populations Yes
    F.3.3.1Women of childbearing potential not using contraception No
    F.3.3.2Women of child-bearing potential using contraception Yes
    F.3.3.3Pregnant women No
    F.3.3.4Nursing women No
    F.3.3.5Emergency situation No
    F.3.3.6Subjects incapable of giving consent personally No
    F.3.3.7Others No
    F.4 Planned number of subjects to be included
    F.4.1In the member state102
    F.4.2 For a multinational trial
    F.4.2.1In the EEA 590
    F.4.2.2In the whole clinical trial 600
    F.5 Plans for treatment or care after the subject has ended the participation in the trial (if it is different from the expected normal treatment of that condition)
    None
    Ninguno
    G. Investigator Networks to be involved in the Trial
    N. Review by the Competent Authority or Ethics Committee in the country concerned
    N.Competent Authority Decision Authorised
    N.Date of Competent Authority Decision2014-01-02
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion of the trial applicationFavourable
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion: Reason(s) for unfavourable opinion
    N.Date of Ethics Committee Opinion2013-11-29
    P. End of Trial
    P.End of Trial StatusPrematurely Ended
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