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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A randomised placebo-controlled trial of synchronous NIMorazole versus RADiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma not suitable for synchronous chemotherapy or cetuximab.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2013-002466-39
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    07 Jan 2021

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    19 Jan 2024
    First version publication date
    19 Jan 2024
    Other versions

    Trial information

    Close Top of page
    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CFTSp032
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01950689
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    REC Reference: 13/EE/0397
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    The Christie NHS Foundation Trust
    Sponsor organisation address
    Wilmslow Road, Manchester, United Kingdom, M20 4BX
    Public contact
    Clare Griffin, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, 0161 4463619, clare.griffin1@nhs.net
    Scientific contact
    Clare Griffin, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, 0161 4463619, clare.griffin1@nhs.net
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    05 Jun 2023
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    07 Jan 2021
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    07 Jan 2021
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To examine whether patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, unsuitable for either cisplatin chemotherapy or monoclonal antibody therapy, benefit from the addition of nimorazole to standard definitive radiotherapy in terms of increased locoregional control without additional serious toxicity.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The trial will be conducted in accordance with the principles of good clinical practice (GCP) and the Declaration of Helsinki. The sponsor and MCTU will ensure that the study protocol, participant information sheet, participant consent from, GP letter and submitted supporting documents have been approved by the research ethics committee(s) prior to any subject recruitment. Patients will be assigned a unique trial ID via the MCTU trials line which will be used throughout their participation in the trial. Any personal data recorded will be regarded as confidential, and any information which would allow individual patients to be identified will not be released into the public domain. Investigators and trial site staff must not provide any participant-identifying data (e.g. name, address, hospital reference number) to the MCTU during the course of the trial, unless with prior approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Any participant-identifying data received by the MCTU will be redacted or destroyed, and the sender notified. The MCTU will maintain the confidentiality of all patients and will not reproduce or disclose any information by which patients could be identified. The Investigator and trial site staff involved with this trial may not disclose or use for any purpose other than performance of the trial, any data, record, or other unpublished, confidential information disclosed to those individuals for the purpose of the trial. Risk-based on-site monitoring is permitted in order to verify that the rights and well-being of patients/participants are protected. It is recommended to temporarily interrupt dosing with nimorazole if side effects of grade 3-4 severity, in terms of nausea and vomiting, are not controllable with anti-emetics. Dosing can be resumed when grade is ≤ grade 1. Based on previous trials it is not expected that patients will have a severe allergic reaction but if this is experienced, nimorazole/placebo should be discontinued.
    Background therapy
    Patients must be treated using IMRT (including fixed-beam or rotational arc therapy -VMAT, Rapid Arc, Tomotherapy) and immobilised in a 5 point fixation shell. The radiotherapy planning CT scan should be up to 3mm slice thickness and use of intravenous contrast is recommended. If nausea and vomiting occur as a side effect of Nimorazole, patients should be managed using anti-emetics in accordance with local practice. For skin rash, patients should be treated with antihistamines.
    Evidence for comparator
    Nimorazole belongs to a class of chemicals known as 5-nitroimidazoles. Nitroimidazoles are being used therapeutically as anti-infective drugs due to their antiprotozoal, antitrichomonal and antibacterial activity targeting anaerobic bacteria and protozoan infections. Nimorazole is also a hypoxic radiosensitizer with high electron affinity enabling the drug to mimic the effect of oxygen in rendering hypoxic cells radiosensitive. Nimorazole has been selected as the drug of choice to pursue further as a hypoxic radiosensitizer due to its good bioavailability in tumours following oral administration, its short half-life and good therapeutic ratio compared to other nitroimidazoles. The benefit of hypoxic radiosensitization was tested in clinical studies in more than 10,000 patients with various solid tumours. The highest benefit was seen in squamous cell cancers – specifically head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
    Actual start date of recruitment
    01 Dec 2013
    Long term follow-up planned
    Yes
    Long term follow-up rationale
    Safety, Efficacy, Scientific research
    Long term follow-up duration
    36 Months
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 338
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    338
    EEA total number of subjects
    0
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    35
    From 65 to 84 years
    300
    85 years and over
    3

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Eligible patients were identified in the respective head and neck multi-disciplinary meetings and out-patient clinics at participating sites. 338 patients were randomised by 19 UK centres from May 2014 to May 2019.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Potential trial participants were screened up to 10 weeks prior to the planned treatment start date to ensure eligibility based on inclusion / exclusion criteria.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor
    Blinding implementation details
    The Manchester CTU were to coordinate randomisation and blinding and inform Azanta (the manufacturer) via the automated randomisation service of treatment allocation. Each patient received a high density polyethylene bottle of 150 tablets of nimorazole, 500 mg or placebo. Bottles were labelled generically containing only directions for administration and site and participant Identifier information.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy
    Arm description
    Therapeutic arm. Radiotherapy as per control arm. In addition, 1.2 g/m2 of nimorazole in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Nimorazole
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet, Soluble tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Nimorazole in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy. The IMP was administered in doses of approximately 1.2 g/m2 body surface (see table) in connection with the first daily radiation treatments. Total dose over the entire radiation period should be approximately 36 g/m2 and must not exceed 40 g/m2 or a total of 75 g.

    Arm title
    Placebo plus radiotherapy
    Arm description
    Control arm. 30 fractions of radiotherapy, each of 2.17 Gy given once a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks, totalling 65 Gy. In addition, a placebo in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Matched placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Soluble tablet, Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    30 fractions of radiotherapy, each of 2.17 Gy given once a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks, totalling 65 Gy. In addition, a placebo in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy Placebo plus radiotherapy
    Started
    168
    170
    Completed
    168
    170

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    Therapeutic arm. Radiotherapy as per control arm. In addition, 1.2 g/m2 of nimorazole in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo plus radiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    Control arm. 30 fractions of radiotherapy, each of 2.17 Gy given once a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks, totalling 65 Gy. In addition, a placebo in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

    Reporting group values
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy Placebo plus radiotherapy Total
    Number of subjects
    168 170 338
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    0
        From 65-84 years
    0
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (full range (min-max))
    73 (44 to 88) 73 (44 to 88) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    35 41 76
        Male
    133 129 262
    Tumour site
    Units: Subjects
        Oropharynx
    110 97 207
        Hypopharynx
    25 26 51
        Larynx
    33 47 80
    HPV P16 status
    Units: Subjects
        NEG
    88 97 185
        POS
    75 67 142
        Missing
    5 6 11
    TNM stage
    Units: Subjects
        II
    7 8 15
        III
    52 51 103
        IVA
    99 99 198
        IVB
    10 12 22
    Tumour differentiation
    Units: Subjects
        well differentiated
    5 6 11
        well & moderately differentiated
    0 4 4
        moderately differentiated
    65 68 133
        moderately & poorly differentiated
    5 3 8
        poorly differentiated
    71 65 136
        undifferentiated
    2 2 4
        missing
    20 22 42
    WHO Performance Status
    Units: Subjects
        00
    73 64 137
        01
    69 80 149
        02
    26 26 52
    Neck dissection
    Units: Subjects
        No
    164 165 329
        Yes
    4 5 9
    Dose volumes
    Units: Subjects
        2 doses
    86 87 173
        3 doses
    76 79 155
        Missing
    6 4 10
    Smoking status
    Units: Subjects
        Never smoked
    25 27 52
        Ex-smoker stopped for 1 year or more
    80 87 167
        Ex-smoker stopped for less than 1 year
    30 19 49
        Current smoker
    32 37 69
        Missing
    1 0 1
    Alcohol intake
    Units: Subjects
        Never heavy
    121 111 232
        Ex-heavy
    25 35 60
        Current heavy
    22 24 46
    Hypoxia score obtained
    Units: Subjects
        No
    24 28 52
        Yes
    144 142 286
    Hypoxia score
    Units: Score
        median (full range (min-max))
    0.08 (0.02 to 0.36) 0.08 (0.02 to 0.30) -
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    During conduct it became apparent that the original recruitment target of 470 cases was not achievable within the resources available and the primary objective was reconsidered in the light of this. It was anticipated that the benefit, if any, of hypoxia modifying therapy would be most pronounced in participants with “more hypoxic” tumours and it was decided to focus the primary trial arm comparison to this “enriched” group. The median hypoxia score (HS) for the first 50 samples analysed was 0.079 and this value was used to label participants’ tumours as either “less hypoxic (HS ≤ 0.079)” or “more hypoxic (HS > 0.079)”. There was no matching of individual hypoxia scores with outcome data in arriving at this definition. The revised primary outcome is loco-regional progression in the enriched (more hypoxic) group. The enriched (“more hypoxic”) subgroup is comprised of 139 patients, 70 and 69 of which are in the Nimorazole and placebo arm, respectively.

    Subject analysis set title
    Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    During conduct it became apparent that the original recruitment target of 470 cases was not achievable within the resources available and the primary objective was reconsidered in the light of this. It was anticipated that the benefit, if any, of hypoxia modifying therapy would be most pronounced in participants with “more hypoxic” tumours and it was decided to focus the primary trial arm comparison to this “enriched” group. The median hypoxia score (HS) for the first 50 samples analysed was 0.079 and this value was used to label participants’ tumours as either “less hypoxic (HS ≤ 0.079)” or “more hypoxic (HS > 0.079)”. There was no matching of individual hypoxia scores with outcome data in arriving at this definition. The revised primary outcome is loco-regional progression in the enriched (more hypoxic) group. The enriched (“more hypoxic”) subgroup is comprised of 139 patients, 70 and 69 of which in the Nimorazole and placebo arm, respectively.

    Subject analysis sets values
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects
    70
    69
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
        Newborns (0-27 days)
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
        Children (2-11 years)
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
        85 years and over
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (full range (min-max))
    72 (50 to 88)
    72 (45 to 84)
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
        Male
    Tumour site
    Units: Subjects
        Oropharynx
    40
    31
        Hypopharynx
    14
    15
        Larynx
    16
    23
    HPV P16 status
    Units: Subjects
        NEG
    46
    51
        POS
    24
    18
        Missing
    0
    0
    TNM stage
    Units: Subjects
        II
    3
    2
        III
    29
    27
        IVA
    36
    36
        IVB
    2
    4
    Tumour differentiation
    Units: Subjects
        well differentiated
    4
    4
        well & moderately differentiated
    0
    2
        moderately differentiated
    39
    35
        moderately & poorly differentiated
    0
    1
        poorly differentiated
    19
    25
        undifferentiated
    0
    0
        missing
    8
    2
    WHO Performance Status
    Units: Subjects
        00
    28
    26
        01
    30
    33
        02
    12
    10
    Neck dissection
    Units: Subjects
        No
    70
    66
        Yes
    0
    3
    Dose volumes
    Units: Subjects
        2 doses
    39
    41
        3 doses
    29
    28
        Missing
    2
    0
    Smoking status
    Units: Subjects
        Never smoked
    7
    8
        Ex-smoker stopped for 1 year or more
    30
    30
        Ex-smoker stopped for less than 1 year
    14
    11
        Current smoker
    19
    20
        Missing
    0
    0
    Alcohol intake
    Units: Subjects
        Never heavy
    51
    41
        Ex-heavy
    10
    20
        Current heavy
    9
    8
    Hypoxia score obtained
    Units: Subjects
        No
    0
    0
        Yes
    70
    69
    Hypoxia score
    Units: Score
        median (full range (min-max))
    0.11 (0.08 to 0.30)
    0.12 (0.08 to 0.36)

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    Therapeutic arm. Radiotherapy as per control arm. In addition, 1.2 g/m2 of nimorazole in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo plus radiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    Control arm. 30 fractions of radiotherapy, each of 2.17 Gy given once a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks, totalling 65 Gy. In addition, a placebo in tablet (solid or dispersible) preparation given orally (or via a feeding tube with an outer diameter of at least 4.0mm) once a day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks, 90 minutes pre intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

    Subject analysis set title
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    During conduct it became apparent that the original recruitment target of 470 cases was not achievable within the resources available and the primary objective was reconsidered in the light of this. It was anticipated that the benefit, if any, of hypoxia modifying therapy would be most pronounced in participants with “more hypoxic” tumours and it was decided to focus the primary trial arm comparison to this “enriched” group. The median hypoxia score (HS) for the first 50 samples analysed was 0.079 and this value was used to label participants’ tumours as either “less hypoxic (HS ≤ 0.079)” or “more hypoxic (HS > 0.079)”. There was no matching of individual hypoxia scores with outcome data in arriving at this definition. The revised primary outcome is loco-regional progression in the enriched (more hypoxic) group. The enriched (“more hypoxic”) subgroup is comprised of 139 patients, 70 and 69 of which are in the Nimorazole and placebo arm, respectively.

    Subject analysis set title
    Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    During conduct it became apparent that the original recruitment target of 470 cases was not achievable within the resources available and the primary objective was reconsidered in the light of this. It was anticipated that the benefit, if any, of hypoxia modifying therapy would be most pronounced in participants with “more hypoxic” tumours and it was decided to focus the primary trial arm comparison to this “enriched” group. The median hypoxia score (HS) for the first 50 samples analysed was 0.079 and this value was used to label participants’ tumours as either “less hypoxic (HS ≤ 0.079)” or “more hypoxic (HS > 0.079)”. There was no matching of individual hypoxia scores with outcome data in arriving at this definition. The revised primary outcome is loco-regional progression in the enriched (more hypoxic) group. The enriched (“more hypoxic”) subgroup is comprised of 139 patients, 70 and 69 of which in the Nimorazole and placebo arm, respectively.

    Primary: Freedom from loco-regional progression: Nimorazole plus RT vs Placebo plus RT enriched group

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    End point title
    Freedom from loco-regional progression: Nimorazole plus RT vs Placebo plus RT enriched group
    End point description
    The primary endpoint was loco-regional control (freedom from locoregional progression, FFLRP), initially restricted to the enriched (more hypoxic) sub-group - in patients with hypoxic tumours, defined as greater than or equal to the median hypoxia score of the first 50 patients analysed (≥0.079), using a validated 26-gene signature. The focus is on the treatment effect (Nimorazole vs placebo) on Freedom from loco-regional progression (FFLRP) after adjusting for the following factors: • Disease stage [TNM v7]; (2 or 3) vs 4. • WHO PS (0 or 1) vs 2. • Neck dissection: no vs yes. • RT intermediate dose level (60 Gy) being used: no vs yes. • Human papilloma virus (HPV)/p16 status: negative vs positive. o If present, HPV information is used. o If HPV is missing, then p16 is used.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Freedom from loco-regional progression (FFLRP) is a censored time to event variable measuring the time from randomisation to the first of a local or nodal progression.
    End point values
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects analysed
    70
    69
    Units: Total number of progression events
        number (not applicable)
    14
    22
    Statistical analysis title
    FFLRP Treatment
    Comparison groups
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group v Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    139
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority [1]
    P-value
    = 0.354
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.72
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.36
         upper limit
    1.44
    Notes
    [1] - analyses used a Cox proportional hazards regression model
    Statistical analysis title
    FFLRP cancer stage
    Comparison groups
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group v Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    139
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.419
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    1.33
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.67
         upper limit
    2.63
    Statistical analysis title
    FFLRP WHO performance status
    Comparison groups
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group v Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    139
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.48
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    1.38
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.57
         upper limit
    3.34
    Statistical analysis title
    FFLRP neck dissection
    Comparison groups
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group v Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    139
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.627
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.59
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.07
         upper limit
    5.03
    Statistical analysis title
    FFLRP RT intermediate dose level
    Comparison groups
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group v Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    139
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.159
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    1.61
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.83
         upper limit
    3.11
    Statistical analysis title
    FFLRP HPV p16 status
    Comparison groups
    Nimorazole plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group v Placebo plus radiotherapy more hypoxic group
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    139
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.008
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Hazard ratio (HR)
    Point estimate
    0.23
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.08
         upper limit
    0.68

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    All adverse events that occur between randomisation and 6 weeks post end of trial treatment must be recorded in the patient notes. Adverse event data will be collected in the CRF from baseline.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    19.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo plus Radiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Nimorazole plus Radiotherapy
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Placebo plus Radiotherapy Nimorazole plus Radiotherapy
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 170 (6.47%)
    21 / 168 (12.50%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    66
    60
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    PAIN
    Additional description: PAIN
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 170 (0.00%)
    1 / 168 (0.60%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    DIARRHOEA
    Additional description: DIARRHOEA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 170 (0.59%)
    2 / 168 (1.19%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    LIVER FUNCTION TESTS (ELEVATED)
    Additional description: LIVER FUNCTION TESTS (ELEVATED)
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 170 (0.00%)
    1 / 168 (0.60%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    NAUSEA
    Additional description: NAUSEA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 170 (2.94%)
    5 / 168 (2.98%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    5 / 5
    5 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    VOMITING
    Additional description: VOMITING
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 170 (2.35%)
    5 / 168 (2.98%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    4 / 4
    5 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    MUCOSITIS
    Additional description: MUCOSITIS
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 170 (0.59%)
    0 / 168 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    INFECTION
    Additional description: INFECTION
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 170 (2.35%)
    11 / 168 (6.55%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    4 / 4
    11 / 11
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    ANOREXIA
    Additional description: ANOREXIA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 170 (0.59%)
    1 / 168 (0.60%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    WEIGHT LOSS
    Additional description: WEIGHT LOSS
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 170 (0.00%)
    1 / 168 (0.60%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Placebo plus Radiotherapy Nimorazole plus Radiotherapy
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    141 / 170 (82.94%)
    138 / 168 (82.14%)
    Nervous system disorders
    FATIGUE
    Additional description: FATIGUE
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    109 / 170 (64.12%)
    111 / 168 (66.07%)
         occurrences all number
    191
    196
    PAIN
    Additional description: PAIN
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    132 / 170 (77.65%)
    119 / 168 (70.83%)
         occurrences all number
    209
    180
    PARAESTHESIA
    Additional description: PARAESTHESIA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 170 (7.06%)
    6 / 168 (3.57%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    6
    PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
    Additional description: PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 170 (8.82%)
    11 / 168 (6.55%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    13
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    ANAEMIA
    Additional description: ANAEMIA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 170 (27.06%)
    44 / 168 (26.19%)
         occurrences all number
    56
    51
    Immune system disorders
    ALLERGIC REACTION
    Additional description: ALLERGIC REACTION
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 170 (8.24%)
    15 / 168 (8.93%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    15
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    ALTERED TASTE
    Additional description: ALTERED TASTE
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    119 / 170 (70.00%)
    118 / 168 (70.24%)
         occurrences all number
    211
    204
    CONSTIPATION
    Additional description: CONSTIPATION
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    50 / 170 (29.41%)
    37 / 168 (22.02%)
         occurrences all number
    62
    42
    DRY MOUTH
    Additional description: DRY MOUTH
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    127 / 170 (74.71%)
    117 / 168 (69.64%)
         occurrences all number
    234
    212
    DIARRHOEA
    Additional description: DIARRHOEA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    49 / 170 (28.82%)
    39 / 168 (23.21%)
         occurrences all number
    54
    45
    DYSPHAGIA
    Additional description: DYSPHAGIA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    113 / 170 (66.47%)
    107 / 168 (63.69%)
         occurrences all number
    198
    184
    LIVER FUNCTION TESTS (ELEVATED)
    Additional description: LIVER FUNCTION TESTS (ELEVATED)
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 170 (2.35%)
    1 / 168 (0.60%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    1
    NAUSEA
    Additional description: NAUSEA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    80 / 170 (47.06%)
    111 / 168 (66.07%)
         occurrences all number
    95
    122
    VOMITING
    Additional description: VOMITING
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    56 / 170 (32.94%)
    69 / 168 (41.07%)
         occurrences all number
    63
    76
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    HOARSENESS
    Additional description: HOARSENESS
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 170 (8.24%)
    20 / 168 (11.90%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    24
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    EDEMA NECK
    Additional description: EDEMA NECK
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 170 (10.00%)
    17 / 168 (10.12%)
         occurrences all number
    17
    17
    MUCOSITIS
    Additional description: MUCOSITIS
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    130 / 170 (76.47%)
    119 / 168 (70.83%)
         occurrences all number
    196
    173
    RADIATION DERMATITIS
    Additional description: RADIATION DERMATITIS
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 170 (2.94%)
    6 / 168 (3.57%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    7
    SKIN RASH
    Additional description: SKIN RASH
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    37 / 170 (21.76%)
    41 / 168 (24.40%)
         occurrences all number
    43
    43
    Infections and infestations
    INFECTION
    Additional description: INFECTION
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    70 / 170 (41.18%)
    66 / 168 (39.29%)
         occurrences all number
    88
    79
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    ANOREXIA
    Additional description: ANOREXIA
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    98 / 170 (57.65%)
    97 / 168 (57.74%)
         occurrences all number
    143
    146
    WEIGHT LOSS
    Additional description: WEIGHT LOSS
    alternative assessment type: Non-systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    123 / 170 (72.35%)
    111 / 168 (66.07%)
         occurrences all number
    196
    171

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    12 Mar 2014
    Substantial amendment 01: Protocol updated to V3.0 07/02/2014 Changes made to the protocol and supporting documents are as follows: • Dr Mererid Evans added to trial personnel at the front of the protocol • Change to the physics QA advisors • Sponsor contact deleted Angela Ball’s name and added Gillian Heap. • Change to 2 PIs at other centres – Cheltenham and Belfast • Unblinding procedure details added now that they are known. Pharmacist/out of hours pharmacist will cover 24 hour unblinding. Procedure for completion of forms, confirming identity of caller and emails are detailed. • Section 7 radiotherapy treatment details all updated in line with QA procedure - large changes throughout this section. • Clarification that drug will take 3 working days to arrive at sites and not 2 as previously recorded. • Clarification that translational research samples will not be required for screen failure patients. Any collected before screen failure status is known will be destroyed. • Update to the dose and risk assessment. This had previously stated there would be PET-CT which had been left in from previous drafts of the protocol. Updated document by medical physics expert shows that this test has been removed and was not included in the calculations
    28 Oct 2014
    Substantial amendment 02: • Change to PI at Royal Surrey centre • Addition of new site: Hertfordshire • Removal of existing site: Mount Vernon Hospital • Update to protocol section around translational research tissue (includes greater detail of what the translational analysis entails) • Update to protocol allowing sites that use PET-CT scanning as standard, to continue doing so to allow for accurate mirroring of standard care where ever possible, and to avoid logistical issues around sole CT scanning.
    11 Feb 2015
    Substantial amendment 03: • Change to PI at Belfast City hospital • Introduction of PIC site participant identification pathway
    07 Jul 2015
    Substantial amendment 04: • Change to the PI at Addenbrookes hospital • Addition of York, Bradford, UCL, Middleborough, Leicester, Coventry as new sites • Removal of Belfast and Preston as sites.
    29 Jun 2017
    Substantial amendment 05: • Addition of Belfast as a site • Change to the PI at Glasgow • Removal of Newcastle as a site
    13 Nov 2017
    Substantial amendment 06: • Update to protocol information specifying that any new primary cancers at follow-up visits should be recorded within the trial CRFs and to allow for this data to be captured retrospectively. • Updated protocol information to reflect changes to trial personnel and contact information. • Supplementary information added for IMP from the investigators brochure • Correction of several typographical errors from previous protocol version.
    15 Nov 2017
    Substantial amendment 07: • Documents updated due to change in PI at the Leicester site
    03 May 2018
    Substantial amendment 08: • Update to the reference safety information section of the Investigator Brochure (IB) so the expected ADR table includes: only those ADRs reported as serious; the frequency in numbers for each of the ADRs has been clarified; confirmation that none of these ADRs are reported as fatal.
    28 Mar 2019
    Substantial amendment 09: • The recruitment period was extended for a further year until May 2019. The follow up of the last participant reduced from 2 years to 18 months giving an overall study extension of 6 months. • Following slower than anticipated recruitment, and the importance of the NIMRAD biomarker work, the primary endpoint was changed from ‘Loco-regional control’ to ‘Loco-regional control in the enriched population’. The enriched population being those patients with more hypoxic tumours. • Due to the change in the primary endpoint it is now mandatory for all patients to consent to their diagnostic tumour block to be collected during screening and tested to determine if it is hypoxic. • The overall recruitment target reduced from 470 to 340. • The patient information sheet and informed consent form have been updated as the provision of the diagnostic tissue biopsy is now mandatory for participation in the study. • The Investigator Brochure has been updated by the drug manufacturer, Azanta, and the Chief Investigator has reviewed this 7th edition. There are no changes to the risk/benefit assessment for the study. However, there are changes to the reference safety information (RSI) and we intend to use this RSI for the DSUR reporting period (Jan 2019 – Jan 2020). • The Chief Investigator for the study was changed to Dr David Thomson
    03 Jul 2019
    Substantial amendment 10: • Documents updated due to change in PI at the Bradford site
    16 Oct 2019
    Substantial amendment 11: • Update to the Investigators Brochure (IB) and Reference Safety Information (RSI) from IB 7th edition, dated 20th April 2019 to IB 8th edition, dated 08th July 2019. (Note: The RSI in IB 7th edition will continue to be used to assess expectedness for the current DSUR reporting period (January 2019 – January 2020)).
    29 Apr 2020
    Substantial amendment 12: • Document updates due to change in PI at the Coventry site
    20 Dec 2020
    Substantial amendment 13: • Share tissue micro array slides generated from the FFPE tumour cores collected from patients enrolled on the NIMRAD trial with the Medicines Discovery Catapult. This is purely is of translational interest and would not contribute to or alter any of the study end-points or objectives. • Update to the Investigators Brochure (IB) and Reference Safety Information (RSI) from IB 8th edition, dated 08th July 2019 to IB 9th edition, dated 16th December 2020. • Change to the PI at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (from Dr Foran to Dr Lester)

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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