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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Phase II study of carfilzomib- cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone and high-dose melphalan followed by randomization between observa-tion or maintenance with carfil-zomib and dexamethasone in pa-tients with relapsed multiple myeloma after high-dose melphalan with autologous stem cell support

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2013-003789-15
    Trial protocol
    DK   FI   SE   NO   LT  
    Global end of trial date
    01 Sep 2019

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    10 May 2021
    First version publication date
    10 May 2021
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    NMSG#20/13
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT02572492
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Nordic Myeloma Study Group
    Sponsor organisation address
    Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg, Denmark, 9000
    Public contact
    Clinical Trial Unit Hematology Aalborg University Hospital Mølleparkvej 4 9000 Aalborg Denmark, Nordic Myeloma Study Group, 0045 97663884, henrik.gregersen@rn.dk
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trial Unit Hematology Aalborg University Hospital Mølleparkvej 4 9000 Aalborg Denmark, Nordic Myeloma Study Group, 0045 97663884, henrik.gregersen@rn.dk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    06 Apr 2021
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    01 Sep 2019
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    01 Sep 2019
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect of the combination of carfilzomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone in the induction regimen and carfilzomib in the conditioning regimen of salvage HDT. In addition to evaluate the potential effect of carfilzomib/dexamethasone maintenance treatment.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Exclusion criteria regarding heart disease e.g. exclusion of patients with uncontrolled or severe cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction within 6 months of enrolment, NYHA Class III or IV heart failure, uncontrolled angina, clinically significant pericardial disease, uncontrolled severe arrhytmias, or cardiac amyloidosis. In addition LVEF <40%, determined by 2-D transthoracic echocardiogram (ECHO) or Multigated Acquisition Scan (MUGA)
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    01 Jan 2014
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Norway: 58
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Sweden: 50
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 66
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Finland: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Lithuania: 16
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    200
    EEA total number of subjects
    200
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    138
    From 65 to 84 years
    62
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Patients were recruited from NMSG centers in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland and Lithuania

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Multiple myeloma patients with first relapse more than one year after single or double high-dose melphalan with stem cell support

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Induction and salvage ASCT (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Arm description
    Included patients received: Four cycles of CAR-CY-DEX (iv carfilzomib, p.o. cyclophosphamide and p.o. dexamethasone Conditioning regimen: Iv carfilzomib on day –2 and –1 and iv melphalan 200 mg/sqm on day –2.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Carfilzomib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    L01XG02
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Concentrate for solution for infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Induction regime: Four cycles of CAR-CY-DEX (Cycle 1 with iv carfilzomib 20 mg/sqm on days 1 and 2, and iv carfilzomib 36 mg/sqm on days 8, 9, 15 and 16. Cycle 2 - 4 with iv carfilzomib 36 mg/sqm on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15 and 16. P.o. cyclophosphamide 300 mg/sqm on days 1, 8 and 15 and p.o. dexamethasone 20 mg on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15 and 16 in each 28-days cycle). Conditioning regimen: Iv carfilzomib 27 mg/sqm on day –2 and –1 Iv melphalan 200 mg/sqm on day –2 > 2.0 x 106 CD34+ stem cells/kg body weight on day 0

    Number of subjects in period 1
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Started
    200
    Completed
    168
    Not completed
    32
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    5
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    7
         Physician decision
    1
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    8
         Broken bag af stem cells
    1
         Non-compliance
    1
         Progression af myeloma
    8
         Lost to follow-up
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Induction and salvage ASCT
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Induction and salvage ASCT Total
    Number of subjects
    200 200
    Age categorical
    Age distribution
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    138 138
        From 65-84 years
    62 62
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    84 84
        Male
    116 116
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT

    Subject analysis sets values
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Number of subjects
    200
    Age categorical
    Age distribution
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
    Age continuous
    Units:
        
    ( )
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    84
        Male
    116

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Reporting group description
    Included patients received: Four cycles of CAR-CY-DEX (iv carfilzomib, p.o. cyclophosphamide and p.o. dexamethasone Conditioning regimen: Iv carfilzomib on day –2 and –1 and iv melphalan 200 mg/sqm on day –2.

    Subject analysis set title
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT

    Primary: Comparison of time to progression (TTP) after first high-dose melphalan with stem cell support (HDT) and TTP after a second HDT combined with carfilzomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (CAR-CY-DEX)

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    End point title
    Comparison of time to progression (TTP) after first high-dose melphalan with stem cell support (HDT) and TTP after a second HDT combined with carfilzomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (CAR-CY-DEX)
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From inclusion until end of study
    End point values
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Number of subjects analysed
    168
    168
    Units: Months
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        TTP after upfront ASCT
    33.2 (30.4 to 37.7)
    33.2 (30.4 to 37.7)
        TTP after salvage ASCT
    26.7 (24.2 to 30.7)
    26.7 (24.2 to 30.7)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison of TTP
    Statistical analysis description
    Mann-Whitney test
    Comparison groups
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT v CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    336
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
    Confidence interval

    Secondary: Treatment response after four cycles of CAR-CY-DEX induction

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    End point title
    Treatment response after four cycles of CAR-CY-DEX induction
    End point description
    No difference compared with VGPR, CR or sCR after induction therapy after up-front ASCT
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    VGPR, CR or sCR after CAR-CY-DEX induction before salvage ASCT
    End point values
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Number of subjects analysed
    200
    Units: Patients with VGPR, CR or sCR
        number (not applicable)
    200
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Time to marrow regeneration (neutrophil- and platelet recovery) after the salvage ASCT

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    End point title
    Time to marrow regeneration (neutrophil- and platelet recovery) after the salvage ASCT
    End point description
    Mean time to neutrophils above 1.0 × bn/L after salvage ASCT and mean time to thrombocytes above 100 × 10 bn/L after salvage ASCT.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Time to marrow regeneration (neutrophil- and platelet recovery) after the HDT
    End point values
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Number of subjects analysed
    168
    Units: Days
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Neutrophile recovery
    13.4 ( 3.5 )
        Thrombocyte recovery
    21.1 ( 8.9 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Response rates of induction therapy and HDT

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    End point title
    Response rates of induction therapy and HDT
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Treatment response after CAR-CY-DEX induction and salvage ASCT
    End point values
    CA-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Number of subjects analysed
    168
    Units: Different levels of response
        sCR
    19
        CR
    19
        VGPR
    82
        PR
    45
        SD
    2
        PD
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From inclusion until 60 days after salvage ASCT
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    NCI CTC
    Dictionary version
    4.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Reporting group description
    Included patients received: Four cycles of CAR-CY-DEX (iv carfilzomib, p.o. cyclophosphamide and p.o. dexamethasone Conditioning regimen: Iv carfilzomib on day –2 and –1 and iv melphalan 200 mg/sqm on day –2.

    Serious adverse events
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    87 / 200 (43.50%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    4
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    1
    Vascular disorders
    Venous thromboembolism
    Additional description: Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 200 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Transient ischemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 200 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Intracerebral hemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 200 (0.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 200 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 200 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 200 (0.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 200 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 200 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nausea and vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 200 (2.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Thyphilitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 200 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 200 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diverticulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 200 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 200 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Electrolyte disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 200 (1.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Septicemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 200 (7.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    6 / 14
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 4
    Other bacterial infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    51 / 200 (25.50%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    33 / 65
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Viral infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 200 (4.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    CAR-CY-DEX and salvage ASCT
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    181 / 200 (90.50%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    176 / 200 (88.00%)
         occurrences all number
    176
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    181 / 200 (90.50%)
         occurrences all number
    181
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    160 / 200 (80.00%)
         occurrences all number
    160

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    No
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