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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A phase 2 open-label multi-centre study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Oxabact® to reduce plasma oxalate in patients with primary hyperoxaluria who are on dialysis

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2013-004368-74
    Trial protocol
    DE  
    Global end of trial date
    29 Jan 2020

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    02 Aug 2020
    First version publication date
    02 Aug 2020
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    OC5-OL-01
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT02000219
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    OxThera Intellectual Property AB
    Sponsor organisation address
    Regeringsgatan 111, Stockholm, Sweden, 11139
    Public contact
    Director of Regulatory Affairs, OxThera Intellectual Property AB, 0046 86600223, orla.mccallion@oxthera.com
    Scientific contact
    Chief Medical Officer, OxThera Intellectual Property AB, 0046 86600223, bastian.dehmel@oxthera.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    Yes
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    11 Jun 2020
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    29 Jan 2020
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    29 Jan 2020
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To evaluate the efficacy of OC5 to reduce total plasma oxalate levels during OC5 treatment in patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria (PH) who are on dialysis. The study also evaluated the safety of OC5.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The initial 14 weeks phase of the study: Following a 4-week baseline period, patient received OC5 (Oxalobacter formigenes) twice daily for a 6-week treatment period (week 10). Patients were subsequently followed for 4 weeks without study-drug (week 14). Continued treatment (CT) phase of the study: At the end of the initial 14-week period, patients were offered to continue OC5 treatment for up to 3 years (156 weeks). Patients were observed in the clinics during the study visits. Physical exam and vital signs were taken at screening and up to last study visit to the clinic. Laboratory safety tests included haematology, chemistry and urinalysis were assessed at weeks 0, 4, 10 and 14 during the initial 14-week study, monthly throughout year 1 and 2, and every third and fourth month throughout year 3 of the continued treatment period. Adverse events (AEs) and concomitant medication were monitored throughout the study during study visits. Patients’ personal data were collected and processed in line with national requirements and subsequent GDPR regulations since 2018.
    Background therapy
    Dialysis
    Evidence for comparator
    N/A; only active drug
    Actual start date of recruitment
    19 May 2014
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 11
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    12
    EEA total number of subjects
    12
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    2
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    10
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Open-label study initially conducted at 4 sites (Germany, USA, 2 sites in France). Sites in the USA and France closed during 2017. No patients recruited at US site; subject enrolled in France left study early. First patient enrolled 19 May 2014; last patient completed study 29 Jan 2020. In total: 14 patients screened, 12 patients enrolled.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Male or female PH patients, ≥2 years, on a stable dialysis regimen with plasma oxalate ≥40 µmol/L were included in the study. Patients should be able to take size-4 capsules twice daily by swallowing or via gastric tube. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were assessed during screening. NB: Baseline characteristics only detailed for enrolled patients.

    Pre-assignment period milestones
    Number of subjects started
    14 [1]
    Number of subjects completed
    12

    Pre-assignment subject non-completion reasons
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Screen failure: 2
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to have started the pre-assignment period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: There were 2 screen failures that participated in baseline but were not enrolled into the study.
    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Baseline
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    N/A; the study was open-label

    Arms
    Arm title
    Baseline OC5
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Oxabact
    Investigational medicinal product code
    OC5
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    OC5 was provided as enteric-coated size-4 capsule containing at least 1E+09 colony-forming units (CFU) O. formigenes per capsule. After the 4-week baseline period, administration was orally as one capsule twice daily (breakfast and dinner), for 6 weeks in the initial phase of the study and for up to 156 weeks during the continued treatment phase.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Baseline OC5
    Started
    12
    Completed
    12
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Initial 6-wk treatment + 4-wks off drug
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    N/A; the study was open-label

    Arms
    Arm title
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Arm description
    Patients received open-label treatment with OC5.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Oxabact
    Investigational medicinal product code
    OC5
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    OC5 was provided as enteric-coated size-4 capsule containing at least 1E+09 colony-forming units (CFU) O. formigenes per capsule. After the 4-week baseline period, administration was orally as one capsule twice daily (breakfast and dinner), for 6 weeks in the initial phase of the study and for up to 156 weeks during the continued treatment phase.

    Number of subjects in period 2
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Started
    12
    Completed
    9
    Not completed
    3
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
         Transplantation
    2
    Period 3
    Period 3 title
    Continued treatment (up to 156 weeks)
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    N/A; this was an open-label study

    Arms
    Arm title
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Arm description
    Patients received open-label treatment with OC5.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Oxabact
    Investigational medicinal product code
    OC5
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    OC5 was provided as enteric-coated size-4 capsule containing at least 1E+09 colony-forming units (CFU) O. formigenes per capsule. After the 4-week baseline period, administration was orally as one capsule twice daily (breakfast and dinner), for 6 weeks in the initial phase of the study and for up to 156 weeks during the continued treatment phase.

    Number of subjects in period 3 [2]
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Started
    8
    Completed
    3
    Not completed
    5
         Non-compliance with study protocol/study drug
    2
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
         Transplantation
    2
    Notes
    [2] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
    Justification: One patient who completed the initial 14-weeks of the study declined participation in the continued treatment phase of the study.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Baseline
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Baseline Total
    Number of subjects
    12 12
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    2 2
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    10 10
        From 65-84 years
    0 0
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    4 4
        Male
    8 8
    Primary Hyperoxaluria medical history
    Units: Subjects
        Type I
    12 12
        Type II
    0 0
        Type III
    0 0
    Time since diagnosis
    Units: months
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    59.9 ( 88.2 ) -
    Baseline total plasma oxalate
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    147.572 ( 39.634 ) -
    Baseline free plasma oxalate
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    106.908 ( 32.502 ) -
    Baseline Oxalobacter formigenes type 1
    Units: colony forming unit(s)/dose (x 1E+06)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    0.091 ( 0.027 ) -
    Baseline Speckle Tracking Echocardiography, GLS (global longitudinal strain)
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -17.368 ( 5.301 ) -
    Baseline Traditional Echocardiography, LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction)
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    50.200 ( 10.261 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Baseline OC5
    Reporting group description
    -
    Reporting group title
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Reporting group description
    Patients received open-label treatment with OC5.
    Reporting group title
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Reporting group description
    Patients received open-label treatment with OC5.

    Primary: Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 10 (after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment)

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    End point title
    Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 10 (after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment) [1]
    End point description
    For the primary endpoint, the change in total plasma oxalate concentration from baseline during OC5 treatment was calculated using the average from the 2 pre-treatment values as the baseline value. The change from baseline was determined for each post-baseline measurement, i.e., throughout the initial 6-week treatment period, the 4-week off-treatment period and the continued treatment period for up to 3 years (156 weeks). The primary endpoint was evaluated using descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment (i.e. at week 10 of the initial 14-week phase of the study)
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The statistical analysis was descriptive and therefore, no formal statistical significance testing was performed.
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    10
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -5.675 ( 21.020 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 14 (after 4 weeks off treatment)

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    End point title
    Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 14 (after 4 weeks off treatment) [2]
    End point description
    For the primary endpoint, the change in total plasma oxalate concentration from baseline during OC5 treatment was calculated using the average from the 2 pre-treatment values as the baseline value. The change from baseline was determined for each post-baseline measurement, i.e., throughout the initial 6-week treatment period, the 4-week off-treatment period and the continued treatment period for up to 3 years (156 weeks). The primary endpoint was evaluated using descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment + 4 weeks off treatment (i.e. at week 14 of the initial 14-week phase of the study)
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The statistical analysis was descriptive and therefore, no formal statistical significance testing was performed.
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    9
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -8.410 ( 19.258 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 52

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    End point title
    Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 52 [3]
    End point description
    For the primary endpoint, the change in total plasma oxalate concentration from baseline during OC5 treatment was calculated using the average from the 2 pre-treatment values as the baseline value. The change from baseline was determined for each post-baseline measurement, i.e., throughout the initial 6-week treatment period, the 4-week off-treatment period and the continued treatment period for up to 3 years (156 weeks). The primary endpoint was evaluated using descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 52 weeks of continued OC5 treatment
    Notes
    [3] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The statistical analysis was descriptive and therefore, no formal statistical significance testing was performed.
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    6
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -33.990 ( 34.780 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 104

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    End point title
    Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 104 [4]
    End point description
    For the primary endpoint, the change in total plasma oxalate concentration from baseline during OC5 treatment was calculated using the average from the 2 pre-treatment values as the baseline value. The change from baseline was determined for each post-baseline measurement, i.e., throughout the initial 6-week treatment period, the 4-week off-treatment period and the continued treatment period for up to 3 years (156 weeks). The primary endpoint was evaluated using descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 104 weeks of continued OC5 treatment
    Notes
    [4] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The statistical analysis was descriptive and therefore, no formal statistical significance testing was performed.
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -67.358 ( 47.769 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 156

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    End point title
    Change in total plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 156 [5]
    End point description
    For the primary endpoint, the change in total plasma oxalate concentration from baseline during OC5 treatment was calculated using the average from the 2 pre-treatment values as the baseline value. The change from baseline was determined for each post-baseline measurement, i.e., throughout the initial 6-week treatment period, the 4-week off-treatment period and the continued treatment period for up to 3 years (156 weeks). The primary endpoint was evaluated using descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 156 weeks of continued treatment.
    Notes
    [5] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: The statistical analysis was descriptive and therefore, no formal statistical significance testing was performed.
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    3
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -44.647 ( 54.752 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 10 (after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment)

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    End point title
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 10 (after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment)
    End point description
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment (i.e. at week 10 of the initial 14-week phase of the study)
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    8
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.590 ( 18.771 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 14 (after 4 weeks off treatment)

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    End point title
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 14 (after 4 weeks off treatment)
    End point description
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment + 4 weeks off drug (i.e. at week 14 of the initial 14-week phase of the study)
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    7
    Units: microcurie(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -6.497 ( 17.306 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 52

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    End point title
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 52
    End point description
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 52 weeks of continued treatment
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.524 ( 13.789 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 104

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 104
    End point description
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 104 weeks of continued treatment
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    4
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -47.293 ( 30.462 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 156

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    End point title
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline - week 156
    End point description
    Change in free plasma oxalate concentration during OC5 treatment, compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 156 weeks of continued treatment
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    Units: microcurie(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -5.360 ( 20.987 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in plasma oxalate (total plasma oxalate) values from week 10 to week 14, following the 4-week off-treatment period.

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    End point title
    Change in plasma oxalate (total plasma oxalate) values from week 10 to week 14, following the 4-week off-treatment period.
    End point description
    Change in total plasma oxalate concentration after 4 weeks off OC5 treatment compared with week 10 (i.e. after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from week 10 to week 14, i.e. after 4 weeks off-treatment. (Week 10: end of initial 6-week treatment following 4 weeks baseline period; week 14: end of 4-week wash-out period)
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    9
    Units: micromole(s)/litre
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -6.549 ( 25.769 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 10 (after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment)

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    End point title
    Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 10 (after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment)
    End point description
    Number of O. formigenes observed in faeces during treatment. Measurements provided the number of O. formigenes bacteria (genotypes 1 and 2), and OC5 consists of O. formigenes derived from the human strain HC-1 of O. formigenes genotype 1. At first baseline, O. formigenes genotype 1 and 2 were not detected in any patients, except for one patient who showed a (low) positive count of genotype 2. Baseline for this assessment was set at 4 weeks. Genotype 1 was observed in all patients during treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Number of O. formigenes after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment (i.e. at week 10 of the initial 14-week phase of the study)
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    9
    Units: colony forming unit(s)/gram (1E+06)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    16.009 ( 29.766 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 14 (after 4 weeks off treatment)

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    End point title
    Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 14 (after 4 weeks off treatment)
    End point description
    Number of O. formigenes observed in faeces during treatment. Measurements provided the number of O. formigenes bacteria (genotypes 1 and 2), and OC5 consists of O. formigenes derived from the human strain HC-1 of O. formigenes genotype 1. At first baseline, O. formigenes genotype 1 and 2 were not detected in any patients, except for one patient who showed a (low) positive count of genotype 2. Baseline for this assessment was set at 4 weeks. Genotype 1 was observed in all patients during treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Number of O. formigenes after 6 weeks of OC5 treatment + 4 weeks off treatment (i.e. at week 14 of the initial 14-week phase of the study)
    End point values
    OC5 (initial phase)
    Number of subjects analysed
    8
    Units: colony forming unit(s)/gram (1E+06)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    19.892 ( 52.997 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 56

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    End point title
    Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 56
    End point description
    Number of O. formigenes observed in faeces during treatment. Measurements provided the number of O. formigenes bacteria (genotypes 1 and 2), and OC5 consists of O. formigenes derived from the human strain HC-1 of O. formigenes genotype 1. At first baseline, O. formigenes genotype 1 and 2 were not detected in any patients, except for one patient who showed a (low) positive count of genotype 2. Baseline for this assessment was set at 4 weeks. Genotype 1 was observed in all patients during treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Number of O. formigenes after 56 weeks of continued OC5 treatment.
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: colony forming unit(s)/gram (1E+06)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    36.404 ( 31.532 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 104

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    End point title
    Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 104
    End point description
    Number of O. formigenes observed in faeces during treatment. Measurements provided the number of O. formigenes bacteria (genotypes 1 and 2), and OC5 consists of O. formigenes derived from the human strain HC-1 of O. formigenes genotype 1. At first baseline, O. formigenes genotype 1 and 2 were not detected in any patients, except for one patient who showed a (low) positive count of genotype 2. Baseline for this assessment was set at 4 weeks. Genotype 1 was observed in all patients during treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Number of O. formigenes after 104 weeks of continued OC5 treatment.
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    4
    Units: colony forming unit(s)/gram (1E+06)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    120.622 ( 217.752 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 156

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    End point title
    Number of O. formigenes in faeces during treatment - week 156
    End point description
    Number of O. formigenes observed in faeces during treatment. Measurements provided the number of O. formigenes bacteria (genotypes 1 and 2), and OC5 consists of O. formigenes derived from the human strain HC-1 of O. formigenes genotype 1. At first baseline, O. formigenes genotype 1 and 2 were not detected in any patients, except for one patient who showed a (low) positive count of genotype 2. Baseline for this assessment was set at 4 weeks. Genotype 1 was observed in all patients during treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Number of O. formigenes after 156 weeks of continued OC5 treatment.
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    2
    Units: colony forming unit(s)/gram (1E+06)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    4.025 ( 1.690 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: To evaluate results from Speckle tracking echocardiography - week 52

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    End point title
    To evaluate results from Speckle tracking echocardiography - week 52
    End point description
    Change in Global Longitudinal Strain - GLS (%, assessed by Speckle-tracking echocardiography) during treatment compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 52 weeks of OC5 treatment. (No post-treatment data for the initial 14 weeks of the study.)
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    6
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -1.087 ( 4.335 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: To evaluate results from Speckle tracking echocardiography - week 104

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    End point title
    To evaluate results from Speckle tracking echocardiography - week 104
    End point description
    Change in Global Longitudinal Strain - GLS (%, assessed by Speckle-tracking echocardiography) during treatment compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 104 weeks of OC5 treatment. (No post-treatment data for the initial 14 weeks of the study.)
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -4.238 ( 1.959 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: To evaluate results from Speckle tracking echocardiography - week 156

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    End point title
    To evaluate results from Speckle tracking echocardiography - week 156
    End point description
    Change in Global Longitudinal Strain - GLS (%, assessed by Speckle-tracking echocardiography) during treatment compared with baseline
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 156 weeks of OC5 treatment. (No post-treatment data for the initial 14 weeks of the study.)
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    3
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -4.640 ( 4.582 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: To evaluate results from traditional echocardiography - week 52

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    End point title
    To evaluate results from traditional echocardiography - week 52
    End point description
    Change in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - LVEF (%, assessed by traditional echocardiography) during treatment compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 52 weeks of OC5 treatment. (No post-treatment data for the initial 14 weeks of the study.)
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    6
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    10.833 ( 7.834 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: To evaluate results from traditional echocardiography - week 104

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    End point title
    To evaluate results from traditional echocardiography - week 104
    End point description
    Change in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - LVEF (%, assessed by traditional echocardiography) during treatment compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 104 weeks of OC5 treatment. (No post-treatment data for the initial 14 weeks of the study.)
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    12.000 ( 6.557 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: To evaluate results from traditional echocardiography - week 156

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    End point title
    To evaluate results from traditional echocardiography - week 156
    End point description
    Change in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - LVEF (%, assessed by traditional echocardiography) during treatment compared with baseline.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline after 156 weeks of OC5 treatment. (No post-treatment data for the initial 14 weeks of the study.)
    End point values
    OC5 (continued treatment)
    Number of subjects analysed
    3
    Units: percent
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    17.000 ( 13.299 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Each subject was questioned about AEs at each clinic visit/telephone follow-up following initiation of treatment.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Each subject was asked the question "Since your last clinic visit have you had any health problems?" The information could also be obtained from signs and symptoms detected during each examination, observed by the study personnel or spontaneous reports from the study subjects or by laboratory results.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    22.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    OC5 group
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    OC5 group
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 12 (58.33%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arteriovenous fistula thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Humerus fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Shunt occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Shunt stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Shunt thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Nervous system disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Device related infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Device related sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    OC5 group
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 12 (83.33%)
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Neoplasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ovarian germ cell teratoma benign
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Vascular disorders
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 12 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hypovolaemic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Dialysis device insertion
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Aneurysm repair
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Angioplasty
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Medical device change
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Parathyroidectomy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Administration site haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Complication associated with device
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Social circumstances
    Tattoo
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dysphonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nasal polyps
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Product issues
    Device physical property issue
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Investigations
    Catheterisation cardiac
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arteriovenous fistula aneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Burns second degree
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Concussion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Dislocation of vertebra
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hand fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Humerus fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ligament sprain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Post-traumatic neck syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Postoperative wound complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Procedural headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Shunt occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiovascular disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Tension headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Coagulopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Eye disorders
    Conjunctival haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Conjunctival hyperaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hypermetropia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 12 (41.67%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrooesophageal reflux disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Haematochezia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Haemorrhoids
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Intestinal atony
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Intestinal polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Large intestine polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Tooth disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Acne
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blister
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Dermatitis bullous
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Eczema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Urticaria
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Calculus bladder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Bursitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Muscle spasms
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Neck pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Rheumatic disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Torticollis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 12 (58.33%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Bacterial infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Chronic sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Cystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Gastrointestinal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infected bite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Oral herpes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hypocalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    14 Feb 2014
    Amendment 1 (which related to Version 1 of the Protocol in Germany and France): This amendment added a new inclusion criterion; this detailed the minimum age of the patients (≥ 2 years) and that they had to be able to swallow the capsules or could use a gastric tube that allowed for administration of the capsules. A new exclusion criterion concerning inability to take study medication was also added. This amendment further clarified that children would not be treated with Oxabact OC5 until the 4-week safety data from at least two adult patients in the earlier OC5-DB-01 study had been reviewed and raised no safety concerns.
    26 Mar 2014
    Amendment 2 (which related to Version 2 of the Protocol in US): This amendment only concerned US (which did not enroll any subjects). This amendment clarified the exclusion criteria no. 8 and detailed that transplanted patients or patients requiring ongoing immunosuppressive treatment during the study were excluded. Moreover, the following was added: • Clarification of evaluation of infections during the study, • Change of recommended first-line antibiotics for treatment of unexpected infections caused by the study medication • Subjects experiencing a systemic infection with unknown origin or suspected to be caused by Oxalobacter formigenes will be taken off treatment.
    09 May 2014
    Amendment 3 (which related to Version 3 of the Protocol in US): This amendment only concerned US (which did not enroll any subjects). This amendment clarified that patients with elevated numbers of Oxalobacter formigenes at week 14 would be followed until values return to baseline levels or until they stabilise over two consecutive samples.
    21 Oct 2014
    Amendment 4 (which related to Version 4 of the Protocol in Germany): This amendment only concerned Germany. This amendment processed the following: after the end of the 4 weeks follow-up, patients would be offered to receive study drug until transplantation (continued treatment period). Moreover, the following additions were made: • Addition of a secondary endpoint to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term treatment for patients who would continue on study drug after the follow-up period, • Addition that Speckle Tracking Echocardiography would be performed at screening or week 14 visit and repeated every 6 months during the continued treatment period.
    14 Dec 2014
    Amendment 5 (which related to Version 5 of the Protocol in Germany). This amendment only concerned Germany. This amendment clarified that the length of the continued treatment had been prolonged to a maximum of 12 months.
    20 Feb 2015
    Amendment 6 (which related to Version 6 of the Protocol in France). This amendment only concerned France. This amendment clarified a new administration process for patients who would not be able to swallow capsules.
    08 Mar 2016
    Amendment 7 (which related to Version 7 of the Protocol in Germany). This Amendment only concerned Germany. This amendment clarified that the length of the continued treatment period had been extended by an additional 12-month period, i.e. to a maximum of 24 months. The timeline for evaluation of the primary endpoint (change in plasma oxalate from baseline) was also revised.
    31 May 2016
    Amendment 8 (which related to Version 8 of the Protocol). This amendment was submitted to Germany as a notification only, and included non-substantial amendments (administrative modifications).
    20 Sep 2016
    Amendment 9 (which related to Version 8 of the Protocol). This amendment was submitted to Germany as a notification only. The amendment included non-substantial amendments (administrative modifications).
    04 Apr 2017
    Amendment 10 (which related to Version 9 of the Protocol in Germany). This amendment only concerned Germany. This amendment clarified that the length of the continued treatment period had been extended by an additional 12-month period (i.e. to a maximum of 36 months).
    27 Nov 2017
    Amendment 11 (which related to Version 10 of the Protocol). This amendment was an internal document only, and not submitted to any authority. This amendment clarified that the primary endpoint will evaluate total plasma oxalate values, added analysis of change in free plasma oxalate values as a secondary endpoint, and further specified that an interim analysis of data would be performed after 12 months of continued treatment.
    18 Jan 2018
    Amendment 12 (which related to Version 11 of the Protocol in Germany). This amendment only concerned Germany. In addition to the revisions detailed in Version 10 of the protocol, this amendment clarified that final visit date after completion of 3 years was corrected from week 152 to week 156.
    14 Oct 2019
    Amendment 13 (which related to Version 12 of the Protocol in Germany). This amendment only concerned Germany. This amendment clarified transplantation as an explicit reason for withdrawal. It further defined events that would not be reported as Adverse Events, and detailed that an interim analysis of data would be performed after 24 months of continued treatment.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? Yes
    Date
    Interruption
    Restart date
    23 Jan 2014
    The FDA temporarily put Version 1 of the OC5-OL-01 study protocol on clinical hold. Following modifications to the protocol (Version 2) and a commitment to further modify the protocol (Version 3), the clinical hold was removed.
    30 Apr 2014

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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