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    Clinical Trial Results:
    An Open-Label Phase 2 Study to Assess Safety and Clinical Effects of UX007 in Subjects with Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders (LC-FAOD)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2013-004830-14
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    25 Aug 2016

    Results information
    Results version number
    v2(current)
    This version publication date
    06 Feb 2021
    First version publication date
    22 Oct 2017
    Other versions
    v1
    Version creation reason
    • Correction of full data set
    Minor corrections to full data set

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    UX007-CL201
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01886378
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc.
    Sponsor organisation address
    60 Leveroni Court, Novato, California, United States, 94949
    Public contact
    Kim Mooney, Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc., 1 4154838813, kmooney@ultragenyx.com
    Scientific contact
    UX007 Medical Monitor, Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc. , 1 4154838800,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    25 Aug 2016
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    25 Aug 2016
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of UX007 on acute clinical pathophysiology associated with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) following 24 weeks of treatment.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The trial was designed, conducted, recorded, and reported in accordance with the principles established by the 18th World Medical Association General Assembly (Helsinki, 1964) and subsequent amendments and clarifications adopted by the General Assemblies. The investigators made every effort to ensure that the study was conducted in full conformance with Helsinki principles, International Council for Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines, current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, EU Clinical Trial Directive 2001/20/EC, and local ethical and regulatory requirements. Each investigator was thoroughly familiar with the appropriate administration and potential risks of administration of the study drug, as described in the protocol and Investigator’s Brochure, prior to the initiation of the study. The method of obtaining and documenting informed consent and the contents of the informed consent form (ICF) complied with ICH GCP guidelines, the requirements of 21 CFR Part 50, “Protection of Human Subjects,” the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act regulations, and all other applicable regulatory requirements. Investigators were responsible for preparing the ICF and submitting it to the Sponsor for approval prior to submission to the Institutional Review Board (IRB). All ICFs were written in regional language and contained the minimum elements for consent as mandated by the ICH guidelines. An IRB-approved ICF was provided by the Sponsor prior to initiation of the study. Investigators obtained signed written informed consent from each potential study subject prior to the conduct of any study procedures and after the methods, objectives, requirements, and potential risks of the study were fully explained to each potential subject. Consent for participation could be withdrawn at any time for any reason by the subject.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    06 Feb 2014
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 25
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    29
    EEA total number of subjects
    4
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    5
    Children (2-11 years)
    12
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    4
    Adults (18-64 years)
    8
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Following the signing of informed consent at the Screening visit, each subject continued on current LC-FAOD management for a 4-week Run-in Period to establish a clinical baseline. Following completion of the 4-week Run-in Period, subjects discontinued any use of medium chain triglycerides (MCT) and began treatment with UX007.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    UX007
    Arm description
    UX007 dosing was titrated to a target dose of 25-35% of total caloric intake or maximum tolerated dose. Subjects were followed to evaluate the effects of UX007 over 24 weeks (Treatment Period), then continued treatment in the Extension Period for an additional 54 weeks for a total of 78 weeks of treatment.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    triheptanoin
    Investigational medicinal product code
    UX007
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Oral liquid
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    UX007 was administered orally (PO) mixed into food or drink (including formula) or by gastrostomy tube at least four times per day (breakfast, lunch, dinner, and before bed), titrated up to a target dose comprising up to 25-35% of total calories or maximum tolerated dose. The total daily dose may have been divided into smaller, more frequent doses and mixed with food or drink (including formula) as needed, as indicated in the administration guideline.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    UX007
    Started
    29
    Completed 24 weeks of UX007 treatment
    25
    Completed
    24
    Not completed
    5
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    4
         Adverse event
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    UX007
    Reporting group description
    UX007 dosing was titrated to a target dose of 25-35% of total caloric intake or maximum tolerated dose. Subjects were followed to evaluate the effects of UX007 over 24 weeks (Treatment Period), then continued treatment in the Extension Period for an additional 54 weeks for a total of 78 weeks of treatment.

    Reporting group values
    UX007 Total
    Number of subjects
    29 29
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        0 - 1 years
    2 2
        > 1 - 6 years
    13 13
        > 6 -18 years
    8 8
        > 18 years
    6 6
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    12.06 ( 5.26 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    12 12
        Male
    17 17

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    UX007
    Reporting group description
    UX007 dosing was titrated to a target dose of 25-35% of total caloric intake or maximum tolerated dose. Subjects were followed to evaluate the effects of UX007 over 24 weeks (Treatment Period), then continued treatment in the Extension Period for an additional 54 weeks for a total of 78 weeks of treatment.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set – Cycle Ergometry
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The primary analysis set – Cycle Ergometry is the subset of subjects in the primary analysis set who had at least one cycle ergometry test performed with any duration.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set – 12MWT
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The primary analysis set – 12MWT is the subset of subjects in the primary analysis set who had at least one 12MWT performed with any distance walked.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set – SF-10
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The primary analysis set – SF-10 is the subset of subjects in the primary analysis set who had at least one SF-10 test performed.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set – SF-12
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The primary analysis set – SF-12 is the subset of subjects in the primary analysis set who had at least one SF-12 test performed.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The primary analysis set is the subset of subjects in the full analysis set who completed the 4-week run-in period and received at least one dose of UX007.

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Time Adjusted-Area Under the Curve (AUC/Time) for Workload During Cycle Ergometry at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Time Adjusted-Area Under the Curve (AUC/Time) for Workload During Cycle Ergometry at Week 24 [1]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact 24 weeks of treatment with UX007 has on exercise intolerance, the change from Baseline in time adjusted-AUC (AUC/time) for workload during 40-minute cycle ergometry tests at Week 24 were assessed using the generalized estimation equation (GEE) model. A cycle ergometer can measure the work performed by an individual over time during physical exercise, the work was measured every 10 minutes from 0 to 40 minutes at Baseline and Week 24. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. An increase in AUC is reflective of improved exercise tolerance; a negative change from Baseline indicates worsening.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – Cycle Ergometry
    Number of subjects analysed
    7
    Units: watts
        least squares mean (standard error)
    423.594 ( 295.54 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - Cycle Ergometry, Workload.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Time-Adjusted-AUC for Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) During Cycle Ergometry at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Time-Adjusted-AUC for Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) During Cycle Ergometry at Week 24 [2]
    End point description
    Change from baseline in time-adjusted-AUC for respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during cycle ergometry at Week 24, assessed using the GEE model, which included change from baseline as dependent variable, time as categorical variable, and adjusted for baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. RER during exercise is calculated as volume of carbon dioxide/volume of oxygen. RER measures whether carbohydrates or fats are being used as fuel. RER ≥1.0 indicates carbohydrates are the predominate fuel source. RER <1.0 and RER >0.70 indicates both fats and carbohydrates are the predominate fuel source. RER approximately =0.70 means fat is the predominant fuel source. RER would be expected to be lower, at similar exercise intensities, if a participant is able to utilize fat as an energy source. Therefore, an increase in RER (positive change from baseline) would suggest participants are still utilizing carbohydrates rather than fat, reflective a physiological response.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – Cycle Ergometry
    Number of subjects analysed
    7
    Units: ratio
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -0.011 ( 0.0132 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - Cycle Ergometry, RER.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Actual Duration of Exercise During Cycle Ergometry at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Actual Duration of Exercise During Cycle Ergometry at Week 24 [3]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact of 24 weeks of treatment with UX007 on exercise intolerance, the change from Baseline in actual duration of exercise during 40-minute cycle ergometry tests at Week 24 was assessed using the GEE model. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. Duration of exercise is expected to increase as exercise tolerance improves.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [3] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – Cycle Ergometry
    Number of subjects analysed
    7
    Units: minutes
        least squares mean (standard error)
    4.671 ( 2.65 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - Cycle Ergometry, Duration.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Distance Traveled During the 12-Minute Walk Test (12MWT) at Week 18

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Distance Traveled During the 12-Minute Walk Test (12MWT) at Week 18 [4]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact 18 weeks of treatment with UX007 has on muscle function, the change from Baseline in distance traveled during a 12MWT at Week 18 was assessed using the GEE model. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure.Distance traveled during the 12MWT is expected to increase as muscle function increases.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (last assessment during the 4-week run-in period), Week 18
    Notes
    [4] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – 12MWT
    Number of subjects analysed
    8
    Units: beats/meter
        least squares mean (standard error)
    181.37 ( 104.63 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - 12MWT Parameters 12MWT.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Energy Expenditure Index (EEI) During the 12MWT at Week 18

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Energy Expenditure Index (EEI) During the 12MWT at Week 18 [5]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact 18 weeks of treatment with UX007 has on muscle function, the change from Baseline of EEI during the 12MWT at Week 18 was assessed using the GEE model. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. EEI during the 12MWT is expected to decrease as walking capacity improves.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (last assessment during the 4-week run-in period), Week 18
    Notes
    [5] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – 12MWT
    Number of subjects analysed
    8
    Units: meters
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -0.185 ( 0.09 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - 12MWT Parameters, EEI.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Percentage of the Predicted 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) Distance Walked at Week 18

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    End point title
    Percentage of the Predicted 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) Distance Walked at Week 18 [6]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact 18 weeks of treatment with UX007 has on muscle function, the change from Baseline in distance traveled during the first 6 minutes of the 12MWT (expressed as a percentage of the predicted 6MWT distance) at Week 18 was assessed using the GEE model. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. Percent predicted values are expected to increase as muscle function increases.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (last assessment during the 4-week run-in period), Week 18
    Notes
    [6] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – 12MWT
    Number of subjects analysed
    8
    Units: % predicted
        least squares mean (standard error)
    12.44 ( 7.22 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - 12MWT Parameters, 6MWT.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Physical Summary Score (PHS-10) of the Short Form 10 (SF10) at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Physical Summary Score (PHS-10) of the Short Form 10 (SF10) at Week 24 [7]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact treatment with UX007 has on functional disability and health in subjects between 5 and 17 years of age, change from Baseline in the T-scores of the PHS-10 were assessed at Week 24 and analyzed using the GEE model. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. The SF10 Health Survey for Children is a 10-item caregiver-completed assessment designed to measure children's health-related quality of life through questions related to the child's physical wellness, feelings, behavior, and activities at school and with family and friends. The PHS-10 of the SF 10 is scored such that higher scores indicate more favorable functioning.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [7] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – SF-10
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    2.16 ( 2.44 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - SF-10 Physical Summary Score.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in Psychosocial Summary Score (PSS-10) of the SF10 at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Psychosocial Summary Score (PSS-10) of the SF10 at Week 24 [8]
    End point description
    To evaluate the impact treatment with UX007 has on functional disability and health in participants between 5 and 17 years of age, changes from Baseline in the T-scores of the PSS-10 were assessed at Week 24 and analyzed using the GEE model. The GEE model included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. The PSS-10 of the SF-10 is scored such that higher scores indicate more favorable functioning. The T-score based scoring signifies that scale scores are centered so that a score of 50 corresponds to the average score in a comprehensive sample of US population (scale scores are standardized to a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10). Lower numbers indicate values lower than the mean and higher numbers indicate values higher than the mean. Higher values are indicative of more favorable functioning/better health.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [8] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – SF-10
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    0.816 ( 2.63 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - SF-10 Psychosocial Summary Score.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in the Physical Component Summary Scale (PCS-12) at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in the Physical Component Summary Scale (PCS-12) at Week 24 [9]
    End point description
    Changes from baseline in T-scores as assessed by the PCS-12 Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-12v2) at Week 24 were assessed using the GEE model, which included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. PCS-12 scores were calculated from the individual responses to those questions that contribute to physical health. Raw scores range from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating better health. The T-score based scoring signifies that scale scores are centered so that a score of 50 corresponds to the average score in the US general population (scale scores are standardized to a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10). Lower numbers indicate values lower than the mean and higher numbers indicate values higher than the mean. Higher values are indicative of more favorable functioning/better health.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [9] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – SF-12
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    8.88 ( 1.63 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - SF-12 Physical Summary Score.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change From Baseline in the Mental Component Summary Scale (MCS-12) at Week 24

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in the Mental Component Summary Scale (MCS-12) at Week 24 [10]
    End point description
    Changes from baseline of T-scores as assessed by the MCS-12 of the SF-12v2 at Week 24 were assessed using the GEE model, which included the change from Baseline as the dependent variable, time as the categorical variable, and adjusted for Baseline measurement with compound symmetry covariance structure. MCS-12 scores were calculated from the individual responses to those questions that contribute to mental health. Raw scores range from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating better health. The T-score based scoring signifies that scale scores are centered so that a score of 50 corresponds to the average score in the US general population (scale scores are standardized to a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10). Lower numbers indicate values lower than the mean and higher numbers indicate values higher than the mean. Higher values are indicative of more favorable functioning/better health.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 24
    Notes
    [10] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set – SF-12
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    9.7 ( 4 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Statistical Analysis - SF-12 Mental Summary Score.docx)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Event Rate of All Major Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Event Rate of All Major Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [11]
    End point description
    Major clinical events are defined as adverse events (AEs) resulting in hospitalizations, emergency room (ER) visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [11] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: events/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    1.69 ( 1.6081 )
        Post-UX007
    0.877 ( 1.142 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Duration Rate of All Major Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Duration Rate of All Major Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [12]
    End point description
    Major clinical events are defined as AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [12] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: days/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    5.961 ( 6.0783 )
        Post-UX007
    2.964 ( 3.9733 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Event Rate of Major Rhabdomyolysis Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Event Rate of Major Rhabdomyolysis Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [13]
    End point description
    Rhabdomyolysis is a condition in which damaged skeletal muscle breaks down rapidly. Major rhabdomyolysis clinical events are defined as those AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [13] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: events/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    1.303 ( 1.5007 )
        Post-UX007
    0.833 ( 1.1513 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Duration Rate of Major Rhabdomyolysis Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Duration Rate of Major Rhabdomyolysis Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [14]
    End point description
    Rhabdomyolysis is a condition in which damaged skeletal muscle breaks down rapidly. Major rhabdomyolysis clinical events are defined as those AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [14] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: days/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    3.949 ( 4.3687 )
        Post-UX007
    2.792 ( 3.8452 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Event Rate of Major Hypoglycemia Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Event Rate of Major Hypoglycemia Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [15]
    End point description
    Major hypoglycemia clinical events are defined as those AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [15] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: events/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    0.318 ( 0.9053 )
        Post-UX007
    0.023 ( 0.1224 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Duration Rate of Major Hypoglycemia Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Duration Rate of Major Hypoglycemia Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [16]
    End point description
    Major hypoglycemia clinical events are defined as those AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [16] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: days/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    1.414 ( 4.3025 )
        Post-UX007
    0.023 ( 0.1224 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Event Rate of Major Cardiac Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Event Rate of Major Cardiac Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [17]
    End point description
    Major cardiac clinical events are defined as those AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [17] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: events/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    0.069 ( 0.2728 )
        Post-UX007
    0.021 ( 0.115 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Annualized Duration Rate of Major Cardiac Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007

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    End point title
    Annualized Duration Rate of Major Cardiac Clinical Events Pre- and Post-Treatment with UX007 [18]
    End point description
    Major cardiac clinical events are defined as those AEs resulting in hospitalizations, ER visits, and emergency intervention.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    18 months before and after UX007 initiation
    Notes
    [18] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistics planned per protocol are presented within the data table for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    29
    Units: days/year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Pre-UX007
    0.598 ( 2.4054 )
        Post-UX007
    0.149 ( 0.8047 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were recorded from the time the subject signed the informed consent through the Follow-up visit (Week 82) or 30 days following the last UX007 administration.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Events presented are treatment-emergent. An event was considered as treatment-emergent if it occurred on or after the date of the first treatment of UX007.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    17.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    UX007
    Reporting group description
    UX007 dosing was titrated to a target dose of 25-35% of total caloric intake or maximum tolerated dose. Subjects were followed to evaluate the effects of UX007 over 24 weeks (Treatment Period), then continued treatment in the Extension Period for an additional 54 weeks for a total of 78 weeks of treatment.

    Serious adverse events
    UX007
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 29 (65.52%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
    Talipes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiomyopathy Acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Infection Prophylaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Gastrointestinal Disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Menorrhagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Atelectasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Rhabdomyolysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 29 (37.93%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 26
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 29 (20.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis Viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 29 (20.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal Viral Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Adenoviral Upper Respiratory Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Adenovirus Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Conjunctivitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Coxsackie Viral Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Croup Infectious
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Otitis Media
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Otitis Media Acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia Mycoplasmal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory Tract Infection Viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Roseola
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Viral Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Metabolic Disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 29 (3.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    UX007
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    29 / 29 (100.00%)
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Melanocytic Naevus
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 29 (31.03%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Nasal Congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Oropharyngeal Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Rhinorrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Sinus Congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Psychiatric disorders
    Anxiety
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Irritability
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Panic Attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Investigations
    Blood Creatine Phosphokinase Increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Carnitine Decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arthropod Bite
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Laceration
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Procedural Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Stoma Site Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Cardiac disorders
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 29 (31.03%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Lymphadenopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Eye disorders
    Eye Swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 29 (55.17%)
         occurrences all number
    42
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 29 (44.83%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    Abdominal Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 29 (27.59%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Abdominal Pain Upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Gastrointestinal Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Gastrooesophageal Reflux Disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Abdominal Distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Teething
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Acne
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Dermatitis Allergic
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Rhabdomyolysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 29 (27.59%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 29 (17.24%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Muscle Spasms
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Infections and infestations
    Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 29 (37.93%)
         occurrences all number
    32
    Ear Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 29 (17.24%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 29 (17.24%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Gastroenteritis Viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Gastrointestinal Viral Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Rhinitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Viral Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Conjunctivitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Urinary Tract Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 29 (10.34%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Otitis Media
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Respiratory Tract Infection Viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased Appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 29 (13.79%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 29 (6.90%)
         occurrences all number
    2

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    04 Nov 2013
    The changes affecting the conduct of the study are summarized below. 1. The number of study sites increased to approximately 8 sites globally to allow for additional enrollment. 2. The number of subjects planned increased from 20 to 30. 3. The study population was expanded to include a cohort of subjects aged 6 months – 6 years of age. The upper age limit for the study was increased to 35 years of age. 4. The inclusion criteria were modified to include the following: • Male or female, 6 months –35 years of age • Willing and able to provide access to medical records charting the last 18-24 months of care prior to the study initiation, or from birth for those subjects less than 18 months of age • Have severe LC-FAOD, as evidenced by ANY ONE of the following significant clinical manifestations despite management: Episodic Elevated creatine kinase (CK) with Reported Muscle Dysfunction: Episodes of elevated CK levels over the last 6 months -1 year (defined as ≥ 2X upper limit of age/gender-matched normal, or ≥ 500 units/L if age-matched reference is not established), AND patient report of frequent muscle pain and muscle fatigue, exercise intolerance, or limitation of • Frequent Severe Major Medical Episodes (at least 3 within the past year, or 5 within 2 years) of hypoglycemia, rhabdomyolysis, or exacerbation of cardiomyopathy (CM), requiring ER/acute care visits or hospitalizations 5. Specific language regarding stopping rules was modified to remove language suspending enrollment if two subjects develop the same Grade 3 AE that is unexpected and possibly, probably, or definitely related to study drug, or if any subject develops a Grade 4 AE that is unexpected and possible, probably, or definitely related to study drug. 6. The requirement for subjects to return all unused study drug, and for site personnel to estimate the remaining volume of unused medication, was removed.
    04 Nov 2013
    (continued) 7. To specify procedures and age-specific assessments in subjects < 6 years of age, an additional Schedule of Events (Table 2.2: Schedule of Events for Subjects < 6 years of Age) was inserted. An additional assessment of growth was obtained at the Screening Visit. The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), SF-10/SF-12 assessments at the Screening Visit were unnecessary and removed. 8. Skeletal Myopathy Efficacy Measures were modified as follows: • Exercise Intolerance. During cycle ergometry, additional monitoring of blood pressure, pain and perceived exertion, and biochemical markers will be conducted as specified in the Clinical Evaluator’s Manual. The OMNI scale will be used in place of the Borg scale to measure perceived exertion. The Faces Pain Scale – Revised (or visual analog scale) will be used as an age-appropriate measure of perceived muscle pain. The requirement for the dose and standard macronutrient meal 2 hours prior to cycle ergometry has been relaxed to “approximately 2 hours”. Subjects will be fed a standardized macronutrient meal including either MCT (at the Screening and Baseline Visits, if applicable) or UX007 (all visits post-Baseline), approximately 2 hours prior to test administration. Subjects and/or caregivers will report activity level in the electronic diary at each incidence of muscle pain/leg cramps and muscle weakness/fatigue. Subjects and/or caregivers will report the number of episodes or events of muscle pain and leg cramps on exertion in the electronic diary on a daily basis.
    04 Nov 2013
    (#8, continued) • Muscle Function and Motor Development. Subjects will be required to consume study drug (or MCT during the Run-in period, if applicable) and a standard macronutrient meal approximately 2 hours prior to the 12MWT. The OMNI scale will be used in place of the Borg scale to measure perceived exertion. The Faces Pain Scale (subjects < 18 years) or visual analog scale (subjects ≥ 18 years) will be used to measure perceived muscle pain. Respiratory rate has been removed as an assessment during the 12MWT. Subjects < 6 years of age will not perform the 12MWT. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales – 2nd Edition (PDMS-2) has been added as an age-appropriate measure of gross motor development in subjects < 6 years of age. Subjects will be required to consume study drug and a standard macronutrient meal approximately 2 hours prior to testing with the PDMS-2. 9. LC-FAOD Laboratory Measures were modified as follows: • An additional serum sample, designated for exploratory biomarker research, will be collected at the Baseline and Week 24 visits. • Inflammatory cytokines will not be specifically assessed, but may be investigated as part of the additional research sample. • Plasma heptanoate will be assessed as a pharmacokinetic (PK) metabolite 10. An additional measurement of head circumference was included as a growth parameter in subjects aged ≤ 36 months at each visit. 11. Acceptable methods of contraception, including abstinence, were specified for females and males of childbearing potential. 12. Additional safety monitoring calls were included within 36 hours following the completion of each 12MWT, and within 36 hours of any cycle ergometer test not associated with post-test blood to assess AEs related to the 12MWT or cycle ergometer test. 13. The 3-day diet history was modified as a paper diary (previously electronic). The requirement to maintain a 3-day diet history following any dose-adjustment was deleted.
    04 Nov 2013
    (continued) 14. Additional information on electronic diary data capture was added. 15. Contact information for calls related to serious AEs was provided for BioSoteria, the Medical Monitor.
    20 Feb 2014
    The changes affecting the conduct of the study are summarized below. 1. The study population was expanded to include subjects diagnosed with trifunctional protein (TFP) deficiency. The Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria were modified to reflect this change. 2. Subjects were required to consume study drug (or MCT at the Baseline visit, if applicable) and a standard macronutrient meal approximately 2 hours prior to the PDMS-2 test to assess subjects in the post-absorptive state. 3. Fasting serum glucose collection was specified after a 4 hour fast, or as tolerated by subjects at the discretion of the PI. 4. Blood sample collection for PK of UX007 and UX007 metabolites was specified for 2-hours after a standardized macronutrient meal including either MCT (at Run-in or Baseline, if applicable) or UX007 (all visits post-Baseline).
    13 May 2014
    The changes affecting the conduct of the study are summarized below. 1. The number of study sites was increased to approximately 10 sites globally to support enrollment. 2. The study population was expanded to included subject over age 35. The upper age limit for the study was removed from the Inclusion Criteria. 3. Additional chronic toxicity studies in mini-pigs was added to the nonclinical summary. 4. Subjects who will reach 6 years old within 6 months of the Baseline visit were added for consideration for the cycle ergometry assessments. 5. The criteria for the 12MWT were expanded to include subjects who reach 6 years old during the study or achieve mastery of all PDMS-2 skill sets. 6. In order to minimize patient burden, additional language was placed to specify that the Clinical Evaluator, Investigator, and Sponsor would assess the requirement of additional PDMS-2 assessments during the study for those subjects that have already demonstrated a mastery of the skills that are being measured. 7. The description of the Data Monitoring Committee was clarified.
    03 Feb 2016
    The changes affecting the conduct of the study are summarized below. 1. Pancreatic lipase inhibitors were added to the list of prohibited medications following in vitro studies demonstrating that pancreatic lipases hydrolyze triheptanoin. Oral salicylates were removed from the list of prohibited medications. 2. The use of electronic diaries was discontinued due to unexpected performance issues. Paper diaries replaced the electronic diaries and captured the same data; therefore, references to electronic diary use were removed. 3. Interim analysis at Week 48 was removed.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28189603
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