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    Summary
    EudraCT Number:2013-005412-10
    Sponsor's Protocol Code Number:OCR002-HE209
    National Competent Authority:Italy - Italian Medicines Agency
    Clinical Trial Type:EEA CTA
    Trial Status:Completed
    Date on which this record was first entered in the EudraCT database:2014-08-04
    Trial results View results
    Index
    A. PROTOCOL INFORMATION
    B. SPONSOR INFORMATION
    C. APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION
    D. IMP IDENTIFICATION
    D.8 INFORMATION ON PLACEBO
    E. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRIAL
    F. POPULATION OF TRIAL SUBJECTS
    G. INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS TO BE INVOLVED IN THE TRIAL
    N. REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY OR ETHICS COMMITTEE IN THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
    P. END OF TRIAL
    Expand All   Collapse All
    A. Protocol Information
    A.1Member State ConcernedItaly - Italian Medicines Agency
    A.2EudraCT number2013-005412-10
    A.3Full title of the trial
    Multicenter, Randomized Phase 2B Study to Evaluate the Efficacy,
    Safety and Tolerability of OCR-002 (ornithine phenylacetate) in
    Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis and Associated
    Hyperammonemia with an Episode of Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Studio di fase 2b, multicentrico, randomizzato per valutare l’efficacia, la sicurezza e la tollerabilità di OCR-002 (ornitina fenilacetato) in pazienti ospedalizzati affetti da cirrosi e iperammoniemia associata con un episodio di encefalopatia epatica
    A.3.1Title of the trial for lay people, in easily understood, i.e. non-technical, language
    A multicenter, randomized clinical study to see how efficient, safe and well tolerated OCR-002 new drug candidate is in patients who suffer from cirrhosis and high ammonia level in blood with an onset of encephalopathy caused by abnormal liver activity
    Studio clinico multicentrico, randomizzato per vedere quanto efficiente, sicuro e ben tollerato sia il nuovo candidato farmaco OCR-002 in pazienti che soffrono di cirrosi e di elevato livello di ammoniaca nel sangue, con un esordio di encefalopatia causata da attività epatica anormale
    A.3.2Name or abbreviated title of the trial where available
    STOP-HE study
    studio STOP-HE
    A.4.1Sponsor's protocol code numberOCR002-HE209
    A.7Trial is part of a Paediatric Investigation Plan No
    A.8EMA Decision number of Paediatric Investigation Plan
    B. Sponsor Information
    B.Sponsor: 1
    B.1.1Name of SponsorOcera Therapeutics Inc
    B.1.3.4CountryUnited States
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorCommercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportOcera Therapeutics Inc
    B.4.2CountryUnited States
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationOcera Therapeutics Inc
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointConnie Cosentino
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street Address5001 South Miami Blvd., Suite 300
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityDurham
    B.5.3.3Post codeNC 27703
    B.5.3.4CountryUnited States
    B.5.4Telephone number+1919328-1131
    B.5.6E-mailccosentino@ocerainc.com
    D. IMP Identification
    D.IMP: 1
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation No
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameornithine phenylacetate
    D.3.2Product code OCR-002
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Solution for injection
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPIntravenous use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNornithine phenylacetate
    D.3.9.1CAS number 952154-79-9
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeOCR-002
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameORNITHINE PHENYLACETATE
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB166528
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg/ml milligram(s)/millilitre
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number200
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.8 Information on Placebo
    D.8 Placebo: 1
    D.8.1Is a Placebo used in this Trial?Yes
    D.8.3Pharmaceutical form of the placeboInfusion
    D.8.4Route of administration of the placeboIntravenous use
    E. General Information on the Trial
    E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.1Medical condition(s) being investigated
    Hepatic encephalopathy
    Encefalopatia epatica
    E.1.1.1Medical condition in easily understood language
    Encephalopathy caused by liver failure
    Encefalopatia causata da insufficienza epatica
    E.1.1.2Therapeutic area Diseases [C] - Nervous System Diseases [C10]
    MedDRA Classification
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 17.0
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10019660
    E.1.2Term Hepatic encephalopathy
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10029205 - Nervous system disorders
    E.1.3Condition being studied is a rare disease No
    E.2 Objective of the trial
    E.2.1Main objective of the trial
    - To evaluate the efficacy of OCR-002 for treatment of an acute hepatic encephalopathy episode in cirrhotic patients requiring hospitalization
    - To evaluate the safety and tolerability of OCR-002 in hospitalized cirrhotic patients with an acute episode of hepatic encephalopathy
    - Valutare l’efficacia di OCR-002 per il trattamento di un episodio acuto di encefalopatia epatica in pazienti cirrotici che necessitino ricovero
    - Valutare la sicurezza e la tollerabilità di OCR-002 in pazienti cirrotici ricoverati con un episodio acuto di encefalopatia epatica
    E.2.2Secondary objectives of the trial
    - To confirm the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of OCR-002 in this patient population
    - To assess the kinetics of reduction of plasma ammonia with OCR-002 and excretion of phenylacetylglutamine (PAGN) in urine
    - Confermare il profilo farmacocinetico (pharmacokinetic, PK) di OCR-002 in questa popolazione di pazienti
    - Valutare la cinetica della riduzione dell’ammoniaca plasmatica con OCR-002 e l’escrezione di fenilacetilglutammina (phenylacetylglutamine, PAGN) nelle urine
    E.2.3Trial contains a sub-study No
    E.3Principal inclusion criteria
    Overall hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and overt Stage 2, 3, or 4 hepatic encephalopathy resulting from any precipitating factor are allowed to enroll within the confines of eligibility caveats detailed below (e.g., patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, infection, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt etc may all enroll if stipulations of inclusion/exclusion criteria are met). Patients intubated only for airway protection are allowed to enroll provided requirements (below) are met.
    Note that the target time window for randomization is within 24 hours of hospital diagnosis of HE (10% variance allowed). There is a special allowance case-by-case with medical monitor review for an extension in this time interval for Stage 3 or Stage 4 HE (please see Section 6.1 and 6.2 for details).

    • 18–75 years with HE admitted to hospital (eg, via emergency department or direct admission, etc)
    • Evidence of/known cirrhosis – The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis will be based on clinical, radiological, or histological criteria
    • Hospitalized with an acute episode of hepatic encephalopathy as complication of cirrhosis
    • Venous ammonia ≥ 1.3 times the upper limit of normal at Screening
    • Acute HE episode defined by Stage ≥ 2 (Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool, Appendix A) at both Screening and baseline (pre-randomization). At the end of a prerequisite minimum 12-hour interval from hospital HE diagnosis to start of Screening patients must still be clearly overtly encephalopathic and during the Screening/Baseline Period have no improvement (decrease in Hepatic Encephalopathy Stage). During the 12-hour pre-Screening period in order to qualify the patient must consistently manifest hepatic encephalopathy that is clearly overt and equivalent to at least Stage 2 using the Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool (Appendix A). – Breakthrough HE occurring during prophylaxis with rifaximin of at least 1 week duration is allowed and in this case dosing with rifaximin may be continued on study (de novo treatment of HE episode with rifaximin is not allowed). If only one dose of rifaximin has been administered prior to Screening to a patient with an acute HE episode naïve to rifaximin (ie, who was not previously receiving rifaximin for HE prophylaxis for at least 1 week) that patient may still randomize (if eligible) if no more rifaximin is given. See Section 5.4 for further details.
    • Patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) are allowed
    • Women of child-bearing potential must have negative serum pregnancy test
    I pazienti ricoverati in generale con cirrosi ed encefalopatia epatica clinicamente evidente di Grado 2, 3 o 4 causata da qualsiasi fattore scatenante possono essere arruolati con le restrizioni di idoneità puntualizzate di seguito (ad es. pazienti con emorragia gastrointestinale, infezione, shunt portosistemico intraepatico transgiugulare, ecc. possono essere tutti arruolati purché vengano soddisfatte tutte le condizioni dei criteri di inclusione/esclusione). I pazienti intubati solo a fini di conservazione delle vie aeree possono essere arruolati a patto che vengano soddisfatti i requisiti (sotto indicati).
    Si noti che la finestra temporale target per la randomizzazione deve essere entro 24 ore dalla diagnosi ospedaliera di HE (è ammessa una varianza del 10%). Il responsabile del monitoraggio medico, dopo aver esaminato il caso specifico, può concedere un’estensione di questo intervallo temporale per HE di Grado 3 o di Grado 4 (si veda la Sezione 6.1 e 6.2 per dettagli).

    Criteri di inclusione:
    •Pazienti da 18 a 75 anni con HE ricoverati in ospedale (ad es. attraverso il pronto soccorso o per accettazione diretta, ecc.)
    •Evidenza di/cirrosi nota. La diagnosi di cirrosi epatica si baserà su criteri clinici, radiologici o istologici
    •Pazienti ricoverati con un episodio acuto di encefalopatia epatica come complicanza della cirrosi
    •Valore di ammoniaca venosa ≥1,3 volte rispetto al limite superiore del normale allo screening
    •Episodio di HE acuta definito come Grado ≥2 (Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool, Appendice A) sia allo screening sia al basale (pre-randomizzazione). Al termine di un intervallo minimo essenziale di 12 ore dalla diagnosi ospedaliera di HE all’inizio dello screening, i pazienti devono mostrare ancora clinicamente i segni di encefalopatia e non presentare miglioramenti durante la visita di screening/basale (riduzione del grado di encefalopatia epatica). Per poter essere ritenuti idonei, durante il periodo di 12 ore pre-screening il paziente deve manifestare encefalopatia epatica costante clinicamente evidente, vale a dire equivalente almeno al Grado 2 in base all’Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool (Appendice A). - È ammesso un evento di HE verificatosi durante la profilassi con rifaximina della durata minima di 1 settimana e, in questo caso, la somministrazione di rifaximina può continuare durante lo studio (non è ammesso il trattamento de novo dell’episodio di HE con rifaximina). Se prima dello screening a un paziente con un episodio acuto di HE e naïve alla rifaximina (vale a dire, non trattato in precedenza con rifaximina come profilassi HE per almeno 1 settimana) è stata somministrata una sola dose di rifaximina, tale paziente può ancora essere randomizzato (se idoneo) a patto che non venga più somministrata rifaximina. Consultare la Sezione 5.4 per ulteriori dettagli.
    •Sono ammessi pazienti con shunt portosistemico intraepatico transgiugulare (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, TIPS).
    •Le donne fertili devono risultare negative al test di gravidanza sul siero.
    E.4Principal exclusion criteria
    • Not expected to survive 2 weeks (note patients with malignancy, e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma, exceeding this life expectancy may enroll)
    • Type 1 hepatorenal syndrome characterized by rapidly progressive reduction in renal function as defined by a doubling of the initial serum creatinine to a level > 3 mg/dL or a 50% reduction of the initial 24-hour creatinine clearance to a level <20 mL/min in less than 2 weeks.
    • Hyponatremia (sodium < 125 mmol/L)
    • Renal failure with serum creatinine > 3 mg/dL (265.2 µmol/L) or need for hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or continuous venovenous hemofiltration at Screening
    • New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class 3 or 4 congestive heart failure or overt clinical signs of congestive heart failure
    • Patients requiring mechanical ventilation may enroll if they are electively intubated only for airway protection (to prevent aspiration) due to severe HE and do not require ongoing sedation. Transitory intubation with sedation for specific procedure/intervention anticipated to be < 24 hours is allowed. The following ventilator settings would exclude a patient: (a) fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) > 0.5 (> 50% oxygen); (b) positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) > 10 cm H2O (water). The intent is to exclude patients requiring intubation for respiratory failure or severe pneumonia. Note continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is allowed.
    • Any prior stroke with cognitive sequelae
    • Acute alcoholic hepatitis (current hospital admission)
    • Schizophrenia, dementia, or other severe psychiatric disorders that would interfere with evaluation of hepatic encephalopathy
    • Presentation to hospital with acute alcohol or drug intoxication (patients with alcoholic liver disease/cirrhosis due to alcohol are allowed). Inebriated patients and those with acute effects of alcohol at presentation, by immediate prior history, overall clinical evaluation, or blood alcohol level ≥ 1.6 g/L (0.16% w/v, 160 mg/dL, 34.74 mmol/L) are excluded. Patients with symptoms of serious alcohol withdrawal at either Screening or Baseline are excluded.
    • Patients with gastrointestinal bleeding may enroll. However, active upper gastrointestinal bleeding at the time of enrollment that has not been addressed by definitive endoscopic treatment or appropriate medical therapy and remains uncontrolled (requiring > 2 units packed red blood cells per day on a continuing ongoing basis) will exclude a patient; patients whom the physician considers likely to die of gastrointestinal bleeding should be excluded. Those with bleeding from portal hypertensive gastropathy may enroll provided they are within above confines.
    • Hemodynamic instability, defined as a mean arterial pressure of <60 mm Hg and/or evidence of poor organ perfusion or the use of more than one (1) vasopressor to support blood pressure. Terlipressin, vasopressin (and analogs), and octreotide (and somatostatin analogs) are allowed to address complex vascular dynamic issues specific to this population (eg, variceal bleeding, renal perfusion). However, if more than one (1) vasopressor is being given for hemodynamic support of unstable mean arterial pressure (ie, implying shock and sequelae) this makes the patient ineligible.
    • Corrected QT interval calculated using Fridericia’s formula (QTcF) > 500 msec at screening
    • Concomitant administration of drugs known to interfere with renal excretion of phenylacetylglutamine (PAGN), such as probenecid. Use of L-ornithine L-aspartate and neomycin during study is prohibited.
    • MARS (molecular adsorbent recirculation system) use is prohibited
    • Receiving or will receive sodium benzoate, Ammonul®, sodium phenylbutyrate (Buphenyl®), glycerol phenylbutyrate (RavictiTM), any investigational agent, or off-label commercially available drug for treatment of acute episode of hepatic encephalopathy which could confound study results for either safety or efficacy.
    • Participation in another interventional, investigational experimental device or novel drug clinical trial within 30 days prior to admission. Trials of established medications (not for HE) or new techniques must be reviewed case-by-case by the Medical Monitor. Observational studies are allowed.
    etc...refer to section 4.2 of the protocol.
    •Pazienti con un’aspettativa di vita non superiore a 2 settimane (si noti che possono essere arruolati i pazienti con malignità, ad es. carcinoma epatocellulare, con un’aspettativa di vita superiore)
    •Sindrome epato-renale di tipo 1 caratterizzata da riduzione rapidamente progressiva della funzionalità renale, definita da un raddoppiamento del livello iniziale di creatinina sierica fino a un livello >3 mg/dl o da una riduzione del 50% della clearance di creatinina nelle prime 24 ore a un livello <20 ml/min in meno di 2 settimane.
    •Iponatremia (sodio <125 mmol/l)
    •Insufficienza renale con livello di creatinina sierica >3 mg/dl (265,2 µmol/l) o necessità di emodialisi, dialisi peritoneale o emofiltrazione veno-venosa continua allo screening
    •Insufficienza cardiaca congestizia di Classe 3 o 4 o segni clinicamente evidenti di insufficienza cardiaca congestizia secondo la New York Heart Association (NYHA)
    •I pazienti che necessitano di ventilazione meccanica possono essere arruolati se elettivamente intubati solo a fini di conservazione delle vie aeree (per prevenire l’aspirazione) a causa di HE grave e che non richiedano sedazione continua. È ammessa l’intubazione transitoria con sedazione per un intervento/procedura specifici che si prevede verranno eseguiti entro <24 ore. Le seguenti impostazioni di ventilazione rappresentano un criterio di esclusione del paziente: (a) frazione di ossigeno inspirato (fraction of inspired oxygen, FiO2) >0,5 (>50% di ossigeno); (b) pressione positiva di fine espirazione (positive end-expiratory pressure, PEEP) >10 cm H2O (acqua). Lo scopo è escludere i pazienti che necessitano di intubazione a causa di insufficienza respiratoria o polmonite grave. Pressione positiva continua nelle vie aeree è ammessa.
    •Eventuali ictus precedenti con sequele cognitive
    •Epatite acuta alcolica (ricovero ospedaliero attuale)
    •Schizofrenia, demenza o altri disturbi psichiatrici gravi
    •Presentazione all’ospedale con intossicazione acuta da alcol o farmaci (ammessi pazienti con epatopatia alcolica/cirrosi dovuta al consumo di alcol). Esclusi pazienti in stato di ebbrezza e pazienti che presentino effetti acuti da consumo di alcol alla presentazione, in base all’anamnesi immediatamente precedente, alla valutazione clinica complessiva o con un livello ematico di alcol ≥1,6 g/l (0,16% w/v, 160 mg/dl, 34,74 mmol/l). Esclusi pazienti con sintomi gravi da astinenza da alcol sia allo screening sia al basale.
    •I pazienti con emorragia gastrointestinale possono essere arruolati. Un’emorragia gastrointestinale attiva al momento dell’arruolamento,non trattata con terapia endoscopica definitiva o terapia medica adeguata e che rimanga incontrollata (richiedendo >2 unità di globuli rossi concentrati al giorno su base continua regolare) determinerà l’esclusione; esclusi i pazienti per cui il medico ritiene probabile il decesso a seguito di emorragia gastrointestinale. arruolati i pazienti con emorragia dovuta a gastropatia ipertensiva portale, che rientrano nelle restrizioni sopra indicate.
    •Instabilità emodinamica, definita come pressione arteriosa media <60 mm Hg e/o evidenza di scarsa perfusione d’organo o utilizzo di oltre un (1) vasocostrittore come coadiuvante della pressione sanguigna. Terlipressina, vasopressina (e analoghi) e octreotide (e analoghi della somatostatina) sono ammessi per trattare problemi complessi di dinamica vascolare specifici di questa popolazione (ad es. emorragia delle varici, perfusione renale). Tuttavia il paziente non è più idoneo se riceve più di un (1) vasocostrittore come supporto emodinamico della pressione arteriosa media instabile (vale a dire, con shock e sequele).
    •Intervallo QT corretto secondo la formula di Fridericia (QTcF) >500 msec allo screening
    •Somministrazione concomitante di farmaci (come probenecid) noti per interferire con l’escrezione renale di fenilacetilglutammina (PGAN). Durante lo studio non è ammesso l’uso di L-ornitina L-aspartato e neomicina.
    •L’uso di sistemi ricircolanti ad adsorbimento molecolare (molecular adsorbent recirculation system, MARS) non è ammesso
    •Somministrazione attuale o prevista di benzoato di sodio, Ammonul®, fenilbutirrato di sodio (Buphenyl®), glicerolo fenilbutirrato (RavictiTM), qualsiasi agente sperimentale o farmaci fuori etichetta disponibili in commercio per il trattamento degli episodi acuti di encefalopatia epatica che potrebbe confondere i risultati dello studio in relazione alla sicurezza o efficacia.
    •Partecipazione a un’altra sperimentazione clinica interventistica e sperimentale su dispositivi o nuovi farmaci nei 30 giorni precedenti al ricovero. Le sperimentazioni di farmaci noti (non per il trattamento della HE) o di nuove tecniche devono essere analizzate caso per caso.Sono ammessi gli studi osservazionali.
    ecc...fare riferimento alla sezione 4.2 del protocollo.
    E.5 End points
    E.5.1Primary end point(s)
    Time to confirmed clinical response (confirmed at next assessment performed or time of first clinical response if occurring at last efficacy evaluation prior to discharge from hospital) defined for patients with Stage 3 (stupor) or 4 (coma) hepatic encephalopathy as a reduction to Stage 2 (see Appendix A), and for patients with Baseline Stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy as improvement to Stage 0/1 (no asterixis and no disorientation based on sentinel 5 questions) using the Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool (Appendix A) after initiation of treatment through 3 hours post end-of-infusion. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimate of time to response will be calculated. The difference in the KM median time to response between treatment groups will be used to estimate the decrease in time to improvement obtained through use of study drug. Treatment groups will be compared using a stratified log-rank test (2-sided alpha=0.05). The primary analysis will be stratified by the randomization strata.

    The Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool will be assessed twice daily (7 a.m. and 5 p.m. ± 1 hour window) during each infusion day and 3 hours post end-of-infusion for all patients. Other HE parameters (Glasgow Coma Scale, modified orientation log) will be assessed in all patients prior to the start of infusion, and twice daily (7 a.m. and 5 p.m. ± 1 hour window) each infusion day and 3 hours post end-of-infusion. Additionally, a Physician Overall Treatment Evaluation of Hepatic Encephalopathy and Physician Ranked Assessments (specific items) will be performed in the time window between end-of-final infusion and 3 hours post end-of-infusion. Patients remaining in the hospital for standard of care will additionally have HE parameters repeated 24 hours post the end of the final (last) 24-hour infusion and immediately prior to hospital discharge if discharge occurs during the follow-up period. Patients having a liver transplant will be censored at time of transplant. Deaths will be censored at time of death.
    Tempo alla risposta clinicamente confermata (confermata alla successiva valutazione eseguita o tempo della prima risposta clinica, se contemporanea all’ultima valutazione di efficacia prima delle dimissioni dall’ospedale) definito per pazienti con encefalopatia epatica di Grado 3 (stupor) o 4 (coma) come riduzione a Grado 2 (si veda Appendice A) e per pazienti con encefalopatia epatica di Grado 2 al basale come miglioramento al Grado 0/1 (assenza di asterissi e di disorientamento in base alle 5 domande sentinella) usando l’Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool (Appendice A) dopo l’inizio del trattamento e fino a 3 ore dopo la fine dell’infusione. Verrà calcolato il tempo alla risposta in base al metodo di Kaplan-Meier (KM). La differenza nel tempo KM mediano di risposta tra gruppi di trattamento verrà usata per stimare la riduzione in termini di tempo all’ottenimento del miglioramento grazie all’uso del farmaco dello studio. I gruppi di trattamento verranno messi a confronto usando un long-rank test stratificato (a due code, alfa=0,05). L’analisi primaria verrà stratificata in base agli strati di randomizzazione.
    La valutazione tramite l'Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool verrà effettuata due volte al giorno (alle 7:00 e alle 17:00 ± 1 ora) in ciascun giorno di infusione e 3 ore dopo la fine dell’infusione a tutti i pazienti. Altri parametri HE (scala del coma di Glasgow, registro dell’orientamento modificato) verranno valutati in tutti i pazienti prima dell’inizio dell’infusione e due volte al giorno (alle 7:00 e alle 17:00 ± 1 ora) in ciascun giorno di infusione e 3 ore dopo la fine dell’infusione. Inoltre si effettueranno le valutazioni Physician Overall Treatment Evaluation of Hepatic Encephalopathy e Physician Ranked Assessments (voci specifiche) nella finestra temporale tra la fine dell’infusione e 3 ore dopo la fine dell’infusione. I pazienti che rimarranno in ospedale per ricevere le cure standard verranno sottoposti a un’ulteriore misurazione dei parametri HE ripetuta dopo 24 ore dalla fine dell’infusione finale (ultima) di 24 ore e immediatamente prima delle dimissioni dall’ospedale, se queste si verificano durante il periodo di follow-up. I pazienti sottoposti a trapianto di fegato saranno censurati al momento del trapianto. I pazienti deceduti verranno censurati al momento del decesso.
    E.5.1.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    An Independent DMC will conduct a review of safety data monthly for each of the first 3 months of the study, every 2 months for the next 6 months and every 3 months thereafter until study completion (unless no new data); the review will include assessment of survival, an analysis of survival between arms may be performed if 10 or more deaths have occurred. As PK data are generated on a monthly basis, the PK findings of the third party expert pharmacokineticist will be reviewed in conjunction with safety by the Data Monitoring Committee (see above).
    An interim analysis of the primary efficacy endpoint will be conducted after the first 37 endpoints are observed to assess the sample size and power of the study, including the impact of censoring due to liver transplant or death.
    Un DMC indipendente condurrà una revisione dei dati di sicurezza mensile per ciascuno dei primi tre mesi dello studio, ogni 2 mesi per i 6 mesi successivi e poi ogni 3 mesi fino alla fine dello studio; la revisione comprenderà una valutazione della sopravvivenza, l'analisi della sopravvivenza tra i bracci può essere eseguita se si sono verificati 10 o più morti. I risultati PK, generati a cadenza mensile, saranno valutati congiuntamente con la sicurezza dal Data Monitoring Committee.
    Un'analisi ad interim dell'endpoint primario di efficacia sarà condotta dopo la verifica dei primi 37 endopoint per valutare la dimensione del campione e la potenza dello studio, compreso l'impatto della censura a causa di trapianto di fegato o morte.
    E.5.2Secondary end point(s)
    •Time to confirmed improvement to Stage 0/1 (no asterixis and no disorientation based on sentinel 5 questions) using the Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool (Appendix A) after initiation of treatment through 3 hours post end-of-infusion confirmed at next evaluation performed or time of first clinical response if occurring at last efficacy evaluation prior to discharge from hospital
    • Cumulative proportion of patients fulfilling primary endpoint response criteria through 3 hours post end-of-infusion (Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool)
    • Change from baseline in the modified orientation log (MO-log)
    • Length of stay in hospital from the time of start of study drug infusion until discharge from the hospital
    • Length of stay in the ICU from the time of start of study drug infusion for patients in ICU
    •Tempo al miglioramento confermato al Grado 0/1 (assenza di asterissi e di disorientamento in base alle 5 domande sentinella) in base all’Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool (Appendice A) dopo l’inizio del trattamento e fino a 3 ore dopo la fine dell’infusione confermato alla valutazione successiva, o tempo della prima risposta clinica, se si verifica contemporaneamente all’ultima valutazione di efficacia prima delle dimissioni dall’ospedale
    •Percentuale cumulativa di pazienti aderenti ai criteri di risposta dell’endpoint primario fino a 3 ore dopo la fine dell’infusione (Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging Tool)
    •Variazione dal basale del registro dell’orientamento modificato (modified orientation log, MO-log)
    •Durata del ricovero in ospedale dal momento dell’inizio dell’infusione del farmaco dello studio fino alle dimissioni dall’ospedale
    •Durata del ricovero in unità di terapia intensiva (UTI) dal momento dell’inizio dell’infusione del farmaco dello studio per pazienti ricoverati in UTI
    E.5.2.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    As for primary endpoint
    Come per l'endpoint primario
    E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial
    E.6Scope of the trial
    E.6.1Diagnosis No
    E.6.2Prophylaxis No
    E.6.3Therapy No
    E.6.4Safety Yes
    E.6.5Efficacy Yes
    E.6.6Pharmacokinetic Yes
    E.6.7Pharmacodynamic No
    E.6.8Bioequivalence No
    E.6.9Dose response No
    E.6.10Pharmacogenetic No
    E.6.11Pharmacogenomic No
    E.6.12Pharmacoeconomic No
    E.6.13Others Yes
    E.6.13.1Other scope of the trial description
    Tolerability
    Tollerabilità
    E.7Trial type and phase
    E.7.1Human pharmacology (Phase I) No
    E.7.1.1First administration to humans No
    E.7.1.2Bioequivalence study No
    E.7.1.3Other No
    E.7.1.3.1Other trial type description
    E.7.2Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) Yes
    E.7.3Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) No
    E.7.4Therapeutic use (Phase IV) No
    E.8 Design of the trial
    E.8.1Controlled Yes
    E.8.1.1Randomised Yes
    E.8.1.2Open No
    E.8.1.3Single blind No
    E.8.1.4Double blind Yes
    E.8.1.5Parallel group Yes
    E.8.1.6Cross over No
    E.8.1.7Other No
    E.8.2 Comparator of controlled trial
    E.8.2.1Other medicinal product(s) No
    E.8.2.2Placebo Yes
    E.8.2.3Other No
    E.8.2.4Number of treatment arms in the trial2
    E.8.3 The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned No
    E.8.4 The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned Yes
    E.8.4.1Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned5
    E.8.5The trial involves multiple Member States Yes
    E.8.5.1Number of sites anticipated in the EEA75
    E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA
    E.8.6.1Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA Yes
    E.8.6.2Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA No
    E.8.6.3If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned
    Austria
    Belgium
    Bulgaria
    Czech Republic
    Denmark
    Estonia
    France
    Germany
    Hungary
    Israel
    Italy
    Latvia
    Netherlands
    Russian Federation
    Spain
    United States
    E.8.7Trial has a data monitoring committee Yes
    E.8.8 Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
    LVLS
    ultima visita ultimo paziente
    E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned years1
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned months2
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned days
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial years1
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial months2
    F. Population of Trial Subjects
    F.1 Age Range
    F.1.1Trial has subjects under 18 No
    F.1.1.1In Utero No
    F.1.1.2Preterm newborn infants (up to gestational age < 37 weeks) No
    F.1.1.3Newborns (0-27 days) No
    F.1.1.4Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) No
    F.1.1.5Children (2-11years) No
    F.1.1.6Adolescents (12-17 years) No
    F.1.2Adults (18-64 years) Yes
    F.1.2.1Number of subjects for this age range: 110
    F.1.3Elderly (>=65 years) Yes
    F.1.3.1Number of subjects for this age range: 30
    F.2 Gender
    F.2.1Female Yes
    F.2.2Male Yes
    F.3 Group of trial subjects
    F.3.1Healthy volunteers No
    F.3.2Patients Yes
    F.3.3Specific vulnerable populations Yes
    F.3.3.1Women of childbearing potential not using contraception No
    F.3.3.2Women of child-bearing potential using contraception No
    F.3.3.3Pregnant women No
    F.3.3.4Nursing women No
    F.3.3.5Emergency situation Yes
    F.3.3.6Subjects incapable of giving consent personally Yes
    F.3.3.6.1Details of subjects incapable of giving consent
    Patients with acute HE episode defined by Stage ≥ 2 of HET are expected to be enrolled. This condition is associated with impaired cognitive function or unconsciousness, therefore the ICF signature process will follow country requirements
    E' previsto l'arruolamento di pazienti con un episodio acuto di Enc.epatica definito come Grado ≥2(HET).Questa condizione è associata a funzionalità cognitiva compromessa o incoscenza, il processo di firma del consenso seguirà i requisiti del paese
    F.3.3.7Others No
    F.4 Planned number of subjects to be included
    F.4.1In the member state10
    F.4.2 For a multinational trial
    F.4.2.1In the EEA 70
    F.4.2.2In the whole clinical trial 140
    F.5 Plans for treatment or care after the subject has ended the participation in the trial (if it is different from the expected normal treatment of that condition)
    None
    Nessuno
    G. Investigator Networks to be involved in the Trial
    N. Review by the Competent Authority or Ethics Committee in the country concerned
    N.Competent Authority Decision Authorised
    N.Date of Competent Authority Decision2014-10-17
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion of the trial applicationFavourable
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion: Reason(s) for unfavourable opinion
    N.Date of Ethics Committee Opinion2015-01-27
    P. End of Trial
    P.End of Trial StatusCompleted
    P.Date of the global end of the trial2016-12-29
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