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    Clinical Trial Results:
    SFX-01 AFTER SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE - SAS

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2014-003284-38
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    06 Sep 2019

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    02 Jun 2021
    First version publication date
    02 Jun 2021
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    EVG001SAH
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT02614742
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Evgen Pharma plc
    Sponsor organisation address
    Suite 24G13, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, United Kingdom, SK10 4TG
    Public contact
    Clinical Trials Information, Evgen Pharma plc, 44 1625466591, randd@evgen.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trials Information, Evgen Pharma plc, 44 1625466591, randd@evgen.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    31 Jan 2020
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    06 Sep 2019
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To evaluate the safety of up to 28 days of SFX-01 dosed at up to 600mg (92mg sulforaphane [SFN]) per day vs placebo, following spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and given in addition to Nimodipine as standard of care. To determine if a minimum of 7 days treatment with SFX-01 vs placebo reduces Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) peak flow velocity following SAH, in addition to Nimodipine as standard of care. To determine the levels of SFN and principal metabolites in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) after treatment with SFX-01 vs placebo following SAH.
    Protection of trial subjects
    All patients admitted to study sites with a diagnosis of spontaneous SAH were assessed by the hospital study team against the protocol inclusion and exclusion criteria. Identified subjects who fulfilled the criteria were subsequently approached by a member of the research team, who would seek to obtain consent from the subject, or in the case of adults lacking capacity, the Personal Legal Representative, if available or if not, a Professional Legal representative. The Patient Information was given to the subject, Personal Legal Representative or Professional Legal representative and they were given sufficient time to review and discuss material in order to make a decision to participate in the study or not. Patients and/or Personal Legal Representative had the right to discontinue trial medication at any time and for any reason. The Investigator also had the right to discontinue trial medication if they felt that treatment was no longer appropriate, if in their opinion the patient’s clinical condition was worsening or for safety (adverse events).
    Background therapy
    The aims of the study were to assess the safety and tolerability of SFX-01 vs placebo, and if the addition of SFX-01 to nimodipine as standard of care could improve outcomes and reduce the long-term complications of spontaneous aneurysmal SAH, such as Delayed Cerebral Ischaemia (DCI), as reflected by Trans-Cranial Doppler (TCD) readings, other neurological and quality of life rating scales.
    Evidence for comparator
    The only effective approved treatment to reduce morbidity from SAH is nimodipine. However, its effects are small and despite its use, poor outcomes remain a significant problem as evidenced by contemporary outcome data since its introduction. Moreover, even in survivors conventionally considered to have made a good recovery, neurocognitive deficits are common leading to extensive problems with social reintegration and functioning in the workplace. In this study, SFX-01/placebo was used in conjunction with nimodipine as per routine clinical care along with other standard supportive measures as required. The placebo arm therefore represents standard care alone. The study was randomised in order to prevent bias in the allocation of treatment and to ensure the comparability of baseline characteristics between the treatment groups. In order to prevent bias in the conduct of the clinical assessments, the study was double blind, so that neither the investigators nor the patients knew whether the patient was receiving active treatment or placebo.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    14 Apr 2016
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 105
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    105
    EEA total number of subjects
    105
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    90
    From 65 to 84 years
    15
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    All patients admitted to study sites with a diagnosis of spontaneous SAH were assessed by the hospital study team against the protocol inclusion and exclusion criteria. Identified subjects who fulfilled the criteria were subsequently approached by a member of the research team, who would seek to obtain consent for subject to participate.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Subjects providing consent to participate underwent a screening assessment within 48h of ictus and prior to first dosing with SFX-01/placebo.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatment Period (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    SFX-01
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    SFX-01 300mg capsules
    Investigational medicinal product code
    SFX-01
    Other name
    Sulforadex 300mg capsules
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule, hard
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    SFX-01 (300 mg) or matching placebo were taken orally as capsules or as a suspension via a nasogastric tube (NG) twice-daily (morning and evening) for up to 28 days. Patients were randomised within 48 hours of ictus to one of the IMP treatment groups by allocation of the appropriate, numbered, treatment pack. The treatment packs were pre-numbered according to a block balanced randomisation code. Patients were not discharged with the investigational medicine until 20 patients had completed dosing up to day 7 post ictus and the DSMB had issued their positive decision regarding dosing after discharge from tertiary care. After 35 patients had been treated in the study, the DSMB mandated a stratified randomisation schedule for further enrolment, with the strata defined by site and by baseline severity defined by WFNS score of 1- 3 or 4 & 5.

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo to match SFX-01 300mg capsules
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Placebo for SFX-01
    Other name
    Placebo 300mg capsules
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule, hard
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    SFX-01 (300 mg) or matching placebo were taken orally as capsules or as a suspension via a nasogastric tube (NG) twice-daily (morning and evening) for up to 28 days. Patients were randomised within 48 hours of ictus to one of the IMP treatment groups by allocation of the appropriate, numbered, treatment pack. The treatment packs were pre-numbered according to a block balanced randomisation code. Patients were not discharged with the investigational medicine until 20 patients had completed dosing up to day 7 post ictus and the DSMB had issued their positive decision regarding dosing after discharge from tertiary care. After 35 patients had been treated in the study, the DSMB mandated a stratified randomisation schedule for further enrolment, with the strata defined by site and by baseline severity defined by WFNS score of 1- 3 or 4 & 5.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Started
    54
    51
    Completed
    47
    42
    Not completed
    7
    9
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    4
    4
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    2
    -
         Treatment was no longer appropriate
    -
    1
         Not specified
    -
    1
         Lost to follow-up
    1
    2
         Protocol deviation
    -
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Treatment Period
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Treatment Period Total
    Number of subjects
    105 105
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    0
        From 65-84 years
    0
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Age at study entry
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    56 ± 12 -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    78 78
        Male
    27 27
    Baseline weight (Kg)
    Weight (Kg) at baseline
    Units: Kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    76 ± 19.1 -
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety population
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    All randomised patients who had taken at least one dose of study medication. This population was applied to all safety endpoints and pharmacokinetic data recorded in all patients.

    Subject analysis set title
    Intent-To-Treat (ITT) population
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    All randomised patients who received at least one dose of study medication. Analyses of the TCD, mRS and GOSE endpoints were performed in both the PP and ITT populations with the PP population considered as primary. Other endpoints were initially analysed in the PP population and were to be analysed in the ITT population only if there was a meaningful discrepancy in the results of endpoints analysed in both populations (which there was not).

    Subject analysis set title
    Per Protocol (PP) population
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    The PP population consisted of all patients who received at least 10 doses of randomised treatment within the first 7 days of the first dose of study medication. However, there were 9 patients who were either known to have had (n=2), potentially had (n=3), or were associated with patients who had (n=4), a discrepancy in dispensing of randomised therapy and were therefore were excluded from the PP population. Analyses of the TCD, mRS and GOSE endpoints were performed in both the PP and ITT populations with the PP population considered as primary. Other endpoints were initially analysed in the PP population and were to be analysed in the ITT population only if there was a meaningful discrepancy in the results of endpoints analysed in both populations (which there was not).

    Subject analysis sets values
    Safety population Intent-To-Treat (ITT) population Per Protocol (PP) population
    Number of subjects
    105
    105
    90
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
        Newborns (0-27 days)
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
        Children (2-11 years)
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
        85 years and over
    Age continuous
    Age at study entry
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    56 ± 12
    56 ± 12
    55.2 ± 11.3
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    78
    78
    66
        Male
    27
    27
    24
    Baseline weight (Kg)
    Weight (Kg) at baseline
    Units: Kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    76 ± 19.1
    76 ± 19.1
    76.3 ± 19.3

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    SFX-01
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    -

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety population
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    All randomised patients who had taken at least one dose of study medication. This population was applied to all safety endpoints and pharmacokinetic data recorded in all patients.

    Subject analysis set title
    Intent-To-Treat (ITT) population
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    All randomised patients who received at least one dose of study medication. Analyses of the TCD, mRS and GOSE endpoints were performed in both the PP and ITT populations with the PP population considered as primary. Other endpoints were initially analysed in the PP population and were to be analysed in the ITT population only if there was a meaningful discrepancy in the results of endpoints analysed in both populations (which there was not).

    Subject analysis set title
    Per Protocol (PP) population
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    The PP population consisted of all patients who received at least 10 doses of randomised treatment within the first 7 days of the first dose of study medication. However, there were 9 patients who were either known to have had (n=2), potentially had (n=3), or were associated with patients who had (n=4), a discrepancy in dispensing of randomised therapy and were therefore were excluded from the PP population. Analyses of the TCD, mRS and GOSE endpoints were performed in both the PP and ITT populations with the PP population considered as primary. Other endpoints were initially analysed in the PP population and were to be analysed in the ITT population only if there was a meaningful discrepancy in the results of endpoints analysed in both populations (which there was not).

    Primary: Per-protocol (PP) Maximum post-dose TCD middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity (MFV)

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) Maximum post-dose TCD middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity (MFV)
    End point description
    Per Protocol population - primary endpoint analysis. TCDs were performed by an experienced member of the medical physics or neuro-intensive care team, or other appropriately trained personnel who had otherwise carried out the same procedure on the same group of patients.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    An initial TCD reading was to be taken within 48h of ictus. TCD readings were then to be taken 3 times a week on alternate days (according to standard care procedures) until at least until Day 7 post ictus and then until no longer clinically indicated.
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: cm/s
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    131.9 ± 66.9
    121.8 ± 45.8
    Statistical analysis title
    ANOVA for the maximum post-dose TCD MCA-MFV - PP
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.5448
    Method
    ANOVA
    Parameter type
    Ratio of GLS means
    Point estimate
    1.0458
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.9032
         upper limit
    1.2108

    Secondary: Per-protocol (PP) - Modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) - Day 90

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) - Modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) - Day 90
    End point description
    The mRS is widely used as a functional outcome measure in stroke. The purpose of the Rankin Focused Assessment (RFA) is to assign patients to mRS grades in a systematic way. The assessment consists of sections corresponding to levels of disability among stroke survivors on the mRS.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was recorded at Day 7, 28, 90 and 180 post-ictus, as well as at discharge.
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: mRS score
        0 - No symptom at all
    4
    0
        1 - No significant disability
    11
    3
        2 - Slight Disability
    12
    26
        3 - Moderate disabilty
    10
    6
        4 - Moderately severe disability
    2
    3
        5 - Severe disability
    1
    1
        6 - Dead
    3
    1
    Statistical analysis title
    PP - mRS Day 90 proportional odds analysis
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v SFX-01
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.2675
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.598
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.699
         upper limit
    3.704

    Secondary: Per-protocol (PP) - Glasgow Outcome Score Extended (GOSE) - Day 90

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) - Glasgow Outcome Score Extended (GOSE) - Day 90
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) was recorded at Day 28, 90 and 180 post-ictus.
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: GOSE scale score
        8 - Upper good recovery
    6
    4
        7 - Lower good recovery
    5
    12
        6 - Upper moderate disability
    11
    8
        5 - Lower moderate disability
    6
    5
        4 - Upper severe disability
    4
    6
        3 - Lower severe disability
    4
    3
        2 - Vegetative state
    0
    1
        1 - Death
    3
    1
    Statistical analysis title
    PP - GOSE Day 90 proportional odds analysis
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.8341
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.917
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.406
         upper limit
    2.068

    Secondary: Per-protocol (PP) - Subarachnoid haemorrhage outcomes tool (SAHOT) - Day 90

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) - Subarachnoid haemorrhage outcomes tool (SAHOT) - Day 90
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    The Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Outcomes Tool (SAHOT) was recorded at Day 28, 90 and 180 post-ictus.
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: SAHOT (Category) raw score
        1 - Raw score 0-7
    4
    1
        2 - Raw score 8-17
    6
    8
        3 - Raw score 18-29
    8
    7
        4 - Raw score 30-42
    5
    8
        5 - Raw score 43-56
    6
    4
        6 - Raw score 57-73
    5
    3
        7 - Raw score 74-89
    1
    2
        8 - Raw score 90-112
    1
    0
        9 - Death
    3
    1
    Statistical analysis title
    PP - SAHOT Day 90 proportional odds analysis
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.626
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.811
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.348
         upper limit
    1.882

    Secondary: Per-protocol (PP) - Incidence of Delayed Cerebral Ischaemia (DCI)

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) - Incidence of Delayed Cerebral Ischaemia (DCI)
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Delayed Cerebral Ischaemia (DCI) was defined as a new focal deficit or reduction in Glasgow Coma Scale ≥2 if not explained by other causes during the study (i.e. re-bleed, hydrocephalus, seizure, meningitis, sepsis or hyponatremia).
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: Number of patients
        Yes
    9
    6
        No
    37
    38
    Statistical analysis title
    PP - incidence of DCI proportional odds analysis
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.3895
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.728
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.5
         upper limit
    6.463

    Secondary: Per-protocol (PP) - Length of acute hospital stay

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) - Length of acute hospital stay
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Length of acute hospital stay was the time from ictus to discharge
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: Days
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    21.8 (8 to 77)
    21.1 (9 to 88)
    Statistical analysis title
    PP-acute hospital stay proportional odds analysis
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.6448
    Method
    Regression, Cox
    Parameter type
    Cox proportional hazard
    Point estimate
    0.9
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.574
         upper limit
    1.411

    Other pre-specified: Intent-to-treat (ITT) - Maximum post-dose TCD middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity (MFV)

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    End point title
    Intent-to-treat (ITT) - Maximum post-dose TCD middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity (MFV)
    End point description
    Intent to treat population - primary endpoint analysis. TCDs were performed by an experienced member of the medical physics or neuro-intensive care team, or other appropriately trained personnel who had otherwise carried out the same procedure on the same group of patients.
    End point type
    Other pre-specified
    End point timeframe
    An initial TCD reading was to be taken within 48 hours of ictus. Subsequent TCD readings were then taken three times a week on alternate days (according to standard care procedures). They were performed at least until Day 7 post ictus (± 1d) and then un
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    54
    51
    Units: cm/s
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    135.9 ± 67.9
    117.6 ± 45.5
    Statistical analysis title
    ANOVA for the maximum post-dose TCD MCA-MFV - ITT
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v SFX-01
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    105
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.2738
    Method
    ANOVA
    Parameter type
    Ratio of GLS means
    Point estimate
    1.0803
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.9398
         upper limit
    1.2417

    Other pre-specified: Per-protocol (PP) Mean of 3 largest post-dose TCD middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity (MFV)

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    End point title
    Per-protocol (PP) Mean of 3 largest post-dose TCD middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity (MFV)
    End point description
    Per Protocol population - supplementary TCD endpoint analysis. TCDs were performed by an experienced member of the medical physics or neuro-intensive care team, or other appropriately trained personnel who had otherwise carried out the same procedure on the same group of patients.
    End point type
    Other pre-specified
    End point timeframe
    An initial TCD reading was to be taken within 48h of ictus. TCD readings were then to be taken 3 times a week on alternate days (according to standard care procedures) until at least until Day 7 post ictus and then until no longer clinically indicated.
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    44
    46
    Units: cm/s
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    116.8 ± 61.3
    108.7 ± 42.1
    Statistical analysis title
    ANOVA mean of 3 largest post-dose TCD MCA-MFV - PP
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.7077
    Method
    ANOVA
    Parameter type
    Ratio of GLS means
    Point estimate
    1.0282
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.8874
         upper limit
    1.1915

    Other pre-specified: Per protocol (PP) - Maximum post-dose TCD Lindergaard ratio

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    End point title
    Per protocol (PP) - Maximum post-dose TCD Lindergaard ratio
    End point description
    Per Protocol population - supplementary TCD endpoint analysis. TCDs were performed by an experienced member of the medical physics or neuro-intensive care team, or other appropriately trained personnel who had otherwise carried out the same procedure on the same group of patients.
    End point type
    Other pre-specified
    End point timeframe
    An initial TCD reading was to be taken within 48h of ictus. TCD readings were then to be taken 3 times a week on alternate days (according to standard care procedures) until at least until Day 7 post ictus and then until no longer clinically indicated.
    End point values
    SFX-01 Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    46
    44
    Units: ratio
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    3.3 ± 1.5
    3.1 ± 1.2
    Statistical analysis title
    ANOVA Maximum post-dose Lindergaard Ratio - PP
    Comparison groups
    SFX-01 v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    90
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.4609
    Method
    ANOVA
    Parameter type
    Ratio of GLS means
    Point estimate
    1.0606
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.9053
         upper limit
    1.2425

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    AEs/SAEs were to be reported from the time a signed patient informed consent form was obtained and pre-first dose study treatment assessments performed until the end of study/early termination.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    20
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Safety population
    Reporting group description
    All randomised patients who had taken at least one dose of study medication (SFX-01 or placebo).

    Serious adverse events
    Safety population
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    43 / 105 (40.95%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    8
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    6
    Vascular disorders
    Cerebral ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 105 (6.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Vasospasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 105 (8.57%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Delayed ischaemic neurological deficit
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Subdural haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Aneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cerebral ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 105 (6.67%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 105 (2.86%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Brain oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Cerebral ventricle dilatation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Brain abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypoaesthesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    IIIrd nerve paralysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    IVth nerve paralysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Subarachnoid haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Device related infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 105 (8.57%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 105 (3.81%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Acute respiratory distress syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atelectasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    CNS ventriculitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 105 (3.81%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 105 (3.81%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Meningitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 105 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Product issues
    Device malfunction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 105 (1.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Safety population
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    101 / 105 (96.19%)
    Investigations
    Blood triglycerides increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 105 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Vascular disorders
    Vasospasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 105 (19.05%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    Cerebral ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 105 (7.62%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Nervous system disorders
    Hydrocephalus
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 105 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 105 (5.71%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Eye disorders
    Vitreous haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 105 (7.62%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 105 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 105 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 105 (20.95%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 105 (3.81%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Infections and infestations
    CNS ventriculitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 105 (5.71%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    28 / 105 (26.67%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    Hyponatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    29 / 105 (27.62%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    Hypocholesterolaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 105 (13.33%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Hypernatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 105 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Hypoalbuminaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 105 (5.71%)
         occurrences all number
    6

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    22 Mar 2016
    Various protocol clarifications and administrative updates.
    23 Aug 2016
    Temporary halt to patient recruitment was required because of a short term interruption in the SFX-01/placebo IMP supply to the study site.
    10 Feb 2017
    Additional of new study site/investigator and various protocol clarifications regarding alternate day timing of TCD and other assessments post-dose, removal of requirement for fasting safety bloods (as not practical), removal of urine dipstick testing and clarification of use of routine safety test results for the study.
    17 Mar 2017
    A temporary halt of trial was put in place to allow permanent corrective and preventive actions to be implemented at site before restart, following investigation into potential SFX-01/placebo dispensing errors for 9 patients, who were either known to have had (n=2), potentially had (n=3), or were associated with patients who had (n=4), a discrepancy in dispensing of randomised therapy; these patients were excluded from the PP analysis population.
    27 Jun 2017
    Update to SFX-01/placebo study drug kits/bottle labelling and submission of IMPD v8.
    10 Aug 2017
    Restart of study after temporary halt.
    25 Sep 2017
    Submission of SFX-01 Investigator's Brochure v7.
    04 Jan 2018
    Submission of study Protocol v6 and revised SFX-01/placebo study drug labels.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    This summary provides an overview of the key study results.
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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