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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel group, Phase 3 Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Once Weekly Exenatide Therapy Added to Titrated Basal Insulin Glargine Compared to Placebo Added to Titrated Basal Insulin Glargine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Basal Insulin Glargine with or without Metformin

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2014-003502-33
    Trial protocol
    SK   HU  
    Global end of trial date
    03 May 2017

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1
    This version publication date
    03 Sep 2017
    First version publication date
    03 Sep 2017
    Other versions
    v2

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    D5553C00002
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    AstraZeneca
    Sponsor organisation address
    Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, Sweden, SE-431 83
    Public contact
    Peter Ohman, MD, AstraZeneca, 011 +1 301 398 0120, Peter.Ohman@astrazeneca.com
    Scientific contact
    Peter Ohman, MD, AstraZeneca, 011 +1 301 398 0120, Peter.Ohman@astrazeneca.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    07 Oct 2016
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    29 Aug 2016
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    03 May 2017
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To compare the change from baseline in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Treated in routine care.
    Background therapy
    Insulin glargine titrated to achieve a target glucose of 4.0 to 5.5 mmol/L (72 to 99 mg/dL); metformin as prescribed by the Investigator.
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    06 Sep 2014
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 59
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 47
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Romania: 45
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Slovakia: 38
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 253
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    South Africa: 22
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    464
    EEA total number of subjects
    189
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    355
    From 65 to 84 years
    109
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    This study was conducted in 107 centers globally between 06 September 2014 and 29 August 2016.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The study had a Screening Visit, an 8-week insulin dose optimization phase, followed by a 28-week randomized, double-blind treatment phase. A total of 808 patients signed ICF and 464 were randomized.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Exenatide
    Arm description
    Exenatide 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Exenatide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    2 mg one time per week, injection

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Placebo 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    one time per week, injection

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Exenatide Placebo
    Started
    233
    231
    Received treatment
    232
    231
    Completed
    211
    207
    Not completed
    22
    24
         Randomized in error
    1
    -
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    -
    1
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    5
    9
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    9
    4
         Fire at the study center
    2
    4
         Investigator decision
    1
    4
         Lost to follow-up
    4
    2

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Exenatide
    Reporting group description
    Exenatide 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin

    Reporting group values
    Exenatide Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    233 231 464
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    181 172 353
        From 65-74 years
    41 49 90
        75 years and over
    9 9 18
        Not recorded
    2 1 3
    Age Continuous
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    57.8 ( 9.02 ) 57.6 ( 10.28 ) -
    Gender, Male/Female
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    117 123 240
        Male
    114 107 221
        Not recorded
    2 1 3
    Race, Customized
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian Or Alaska Native
    1 0 1
        Asian
    4 2 6
        Black Or African American
    19 28 47
        Native Hawaiian Or Other Pacific Islander
    1 0 1
        Other
    1 4 5
        White
    205 196 401
        Not recorded
    2 1 3

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Exenatide
    Reporting group description
    Exenatide 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin

    Primary: Change in HbA1c from baseline to Week 28

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    End point title
    Change in HbA1c from baseline to Week 28
    End point description
    To compare the change from baseline in HbA1c achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: % HbA1c
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -0.96 (-1.11 to -0.8)
    -0.23 (-0.38 to -0.07)
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in HbA1c - baseline to Week 28
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the change from baseline in HbA1c achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -0.73
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -0.93
         upper limit
    -0.53
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    0.101

    Secondary: Change in body weight from baseline to Week 28

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    End point title
    Change in body weight from baseline to Week 28
    End point description
    To compare the change from baseline in body weight achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: kg
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -1.04 (-1.54 to -0.54)
    0.46 (-0.03 to 0.96)
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in body weight - baseline to Week 28
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the change from baseline in body weight achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -1.5
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -2.17
         upper limit
    -0.84
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    0.34

    Secondary: Change from baseline to Week 28 in 2-hour postprandial glucose after a standard MTT

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    End point title
    Change from baseline to Week 28 in 2-hour postprandial glucose after a standard MTT
    End point description
    To compare the change from baseline in 2-hour postprandial glucose after a standard MTT achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: mg/dL
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -28.51 (-39.77 to -17.25)
    -1.06 (-12.5 to 10.37)
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in 2 hr PPG - baseline to Week 28
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the change from baseline in 2-hour postprandial glucose after a standard MTT achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -27.45
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -38.73
         upper limit
    -16.16
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    5.74

    Secondary: Proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% at Week 28

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    End point title
    Proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% at Week 28
    End point description
    To compare the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% between EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: % of patients
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    32.5 (26.4 to 38.5)
    7.4 (4 to 10.8)
    Statistical analysis title
    % Patients achieving HbA1c <7%
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% between EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
    Confidence interval

    Secondary: Change from baseline to Week 28 in daily insulin dose

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    End point title
    Change from baseline to Week 28 in daily insulin dose
    End point description
    To compare the change from baseline in daily insulin dose achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: units
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    1.6 (0.1 to 3.1)
    3.6 (2 to 5.1)
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in daily insulin dose - baseline to Week 28
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the change from baseline in daily insulin dose achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.068
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -2
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -4.1
         upper limit
    0.1
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    1.07

    Secondary: Proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% at Week 28, no weight gain at Week 28, and no major hypoglycemia over 28 weeks

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    End point title
    Proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% at Week 28, no weight gain at Week 28, and no major hypoglycemia over 28 weeks
    End point description
    To compare the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% at Week 28, no weight gain at Week 28, and no major hypoglycemia over 28 weeks between EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: % of patients
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    22.1 (16.7 to 27.4)
    2.6 (0.6 to 4.7)
    Statistical analysis title
    HbA1c <7.0%, no weight gain or hypoglycemia
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% at Week 28, no weight gain at Week 28, and no major hypoglycemia over 28 weeks between EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
    Confidence interval

    Secondary: Change in seated SBP from baseline to Week 28

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    End point title
    Change in seated SBP from baseline to Week 28
    End point description
    To compare the change from baseline in seated systolic blood pressure achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 28
    End point values
    Exenatide Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    231
    230
    Units: mmHg
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -2.6 (-4.4 to -0.7)
    -0.7 (-2.6 to 1.1)
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in SBP - baseline to Week 28
    Statistical analysis description
    To compare the change from baseline in seated systolic blood pressure achieved with EQW added to titrated basal insulin glargine to placebo added to titrated basal insulin glargine, with or without metformin, after 28 weeks of double-blind treatment.
    Comparison groups
    Exenatide v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    461
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.105
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -1.8
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -4
         upper limit
    0.4
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    1.12

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were collected from the time of signature of informed consent to the end of the 28-week treatment period.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    19.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Exenatide
    Reporting group description
    Exenatide 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo 2 mg 1 time per week + titrated basal insulin glargine with or without metformin

    Serious adverse events
    Exenatide Placebo
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 232 (4.74%)
    11 / 231 (4.76%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    1
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Squamous cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Humerus fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Toxicity to various agents
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Angina unstable
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    2 / 231 (0.87%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Carpal tunnel syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neuralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Large intestine polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Psoriasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Acute stress disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bladder neck obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Musculoskeletal chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    2 / 231 (0.87%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diverticulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteomyelitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 232 (0.43%)
    0 / 231 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 232 (0.00%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Exenatide Placebo
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    40 / 232 (17.24%)
    36 / 231 (15.58%)
    Investigations
    Blood creatine phosphokinase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 232 (2.16%)
    13 / 231 (5.63%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    15
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Injection site nodule
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 232 (5.17%)
    1 / 231 (0.43%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 232 (5.17%)
    9 / 231 (3.90%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    10
    Infections and infestations
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 232 (7.76%)
    15 / 231 (6.49%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    21

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    03 Oct 2014
    Outcome measure of secondary objective was modified to specify “major” hypoglycemia. Insulin glargine, metformin, and rescue therapy would be sourced locally. Exclusion criterion #25 was included as inclusion criterion #9. Cut off for serum calcitonin concentration was decreased to 40 pg/mL. Tobacco, caffeine, and strenuous exercise were added to the list of restrictions 24 hours prior to each visit. Discontinuation procedures were amended to include a review when the Investigator deemed it necessary to temporarily stop and re-start study medication. Discontinued patients were required to complete the Follow-up visit (Visit 15). Discontinued patients who had symptoms of hypoglycemia were to record glucose measurements and episode details in the patient diary. Study Plan was updated to clarify when study diary was given out, procedures for collecting study diary, when study medication was dispensed and used/unused medication was collected. Text was added to differentiate procedures for Early Termination and Rescue Visits, to indicate IVRS should be called on the day of consent, to clarify that patients undergoing rescue therapy were to perform the 6 point SMBG profile before returning for Rescue Visit, to indicate that staff monitored study medication administration at study visits, and to indicate when MTTs should be performed. Text regarding the MTT was updated to include instruction on MTT timing and for how the MTT should have been performed. BP measurement instructions were modified. Investigators should contact medical monitor if a patient developed a liver function test abnormality. Hy’s Law text was updated to state that cases meeting any of the identification criteria required an unscheduled laboratory draw. Hypoglycemia assessment was updated with criteria for classification. The Sponsor should have been contacted regarding hypoglycemia events. Added use of SU as a stratification factor for exploratory analyses. Clarified assessment of causality for AEs.
    20 Feb 2015
    The proportion of patients rescued or discontinued for lack of glycemic control at Week 28 was added as an exploratory outcome measure. Inclusion criterion #7 was clarified to state that patients may only take basal insulin glargine once daily. Exclusion criterion #32 was amended to include participation in an interventional clinical trial and to clarify that only administration of an investigational drug would have rendered a patient as ineligible. The Study Plan and Timing of Procedures was updated. This update clarified study visit windows, when used/unused study medication was to be collected, when training for study drug administration was to be received by the patient, and visits when rescue medication could have been dispensed. Review of potential CV event triggers was added to all visits where AEs and concomitant medication were reviewed. Text was added to indicate that metformin should be taken with the next meal, and does not need to be taken at the study center, and that urine should be collected right before time 0 of the meal tolerance test. Text was added to indicate that study medication may be dispensed at a Rescue Visit. Text was added to clarify that potential CV event triggers would be reviewed at specified study visits. Text was added to indicate that urine was collected right before time 0 of the MTT. Text was amended to indicate that antibody results would be presented in the CSR. Text was added to clarify that the baseline physical examination data are collection at Visit 1. Text was added to clarify that there is no restriction on fathering children during the study. Text was added to describe the adjudication of cardiovascular events.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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