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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A randomised, open label, two-period, cross-over, multi-centre study to compare correct inhaler handling of fluticasone/ formoterol breath-actuated inhaler (K-Haler®) with that of Symbicort® Turbohaler® in subjects with persistent asthma, ACOS or COPD.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2014-004564-38
    Trial protocol
    GB   DE  
    Global end of trial date
    04 Jul 2017

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    18 Jul 2018
    First version publication date
    18 Jul 2018
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    KFL3501
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    Sample data: Sample data
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Mundipharma Research Limited
    Sponsor organisation address
    Cambridge Science Park Milton Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom, CB4 0AB
    Public contact
    Clinical Research Operations, Mundipharma Research Limited, +44 1223424900, info@contact-clinical-trials.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Research Operations, Mundipharma Research Limited, +44 1223424900, info@contact-clinical-trials.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    04 Jul 2017
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    04 Jul 2017
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    04 Jul 2017
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess the ability of subjects with asthma, ACOS and COPD to correctly handle the fluticasone/formoterol K-Haler and Symbicort Turbohaler. The objective of the study is to show superiority in correct inhaler handling of fluticasone/ formoterol K-Haler versus Symbicort Turbohaler, following instruction by a health care professional (HCP) as determined by all critical steps being performed correctly 12 weeks after training.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Data protection will be carried out in accordance with the Principles of the Data Protection Act (1998) 95/46/EC. This will apply to all study data in whatever format it is collected and recorded. The site may publish or present the results of this protocol subject to the protection of any patentable rights of the Sponsor or its nominee(s) and subject to the protection of the Sponsor’s confidential information.
    Background therapy
    This study will enroll subjects currently receiving Seretide Accuhaler/Viani Diskus for their asthma or COPD and will allocate them to one of two treatment sequences. Given the utility of combination ICS-LABA therapy a number of combination inhalers containing both ICS and LABA in the same inhaler device have been developed, with both dry powder inhaler (DPI) and pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI) presentations available. A third, less widely used device type is the breath-actuated inhaler (BAI), although no ICS-LABA combinations in a BAI are currently marketed. Nonetheless a BAI may be associated with some potential advantages compared to both DPIs and pMDIs. Firstly, BAI device resistance is very low, unlike DPIs which are typically designed with a higher device resistance to encourage the patient to inhale hard thereby de-agglomerating the powder formulation and generating an aerosol. In patients with low inspiratory flow rates, typically the elderly, patients with very severe COPD, young children and patients with exacerbations of their disease, the ability to produce an adequately high negative pressure to generate a powder aerosol may be compromised particularly through a high resistance DPI. Secondly a BAI, which contains a pressurised canister, requires no manual depression of the canister at the time of inhalation, unlike a pMDI. Rather the inhalation maneuver triggers canister actuation. This therefore removes the need for coordination of these two maneuvers (inhalation and canister depression). Thus BAIs have potential advantages over both DPIs and pMDIs which may facilitate successful use in a greater proportion of patients.
    Evidence for comparator
    The Symbicort Turbohaler was selected as the comparator in this study as it is a market leading ICS-LABA combination product.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    22 Jun 2015
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 313
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 56
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    369
    EEA total number of subjects
    369
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    275
    From 65 to 84 years
    94
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    423 subjects with asthma, COPD, or ACOS in both Germany (11 sites) and the UK (1 site) across a broad age range provided written informed consent and were screened.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    No study procedure was completed until written informed consent was given. Of the 423 subjects, 369 were randomized while 54 subjects failed at screening for various reasons (administrative, failed procedures, lost to follow-up, and withdraw by subject). Of the 369 randomized subjects, 338 subjects completed while 31 subjects discontinued.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatment Period 1
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    As this is not a blinded study, there is no need for any unblinding procedures.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    No

    Arm title
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI
    Arm description
    Fluticasone/formoterol BAI (K-Haler), 50/5 µg or 125/5µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Fluticasone/formoterol BAI
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    K-Haler
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Inhalation powder
    Routes of administration
    Inhalation use
    Dosage and administration details
    For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 100/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (K-haler) of 100/10 bid. For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 250/50 bid or 500/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (K-haler) of 250/10 bid.

    Arm title
    Symbicort Turbohaler
    Arm description
    Symbicort Turbohaler (budesonide/formoterol), 100/6 µg or 200/6 µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Symbicort Turbohaler
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Inhalation powder
    Routes of administration
    Inhalation use
    Dosage and administration details
    For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 100/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (Symbicort Turbohaler) of 200/12 bid. For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 250/50 bid or 500/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (Symbicort Turbohaler) of 400/12 bid.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI Symbicort Turbohaler
    Started
    369
    369
    Completed
    338
    338
    Not completed
    31
    31
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    15
    15
         Cannot be trained
    1
    1
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    8
    8
         Lost to follow-up
    2
    2
         Lack of efficacy
    2
    2
         Protocol deviation
    3
    3
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Treatment Period 2
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    As this is not a blinded study, there is no need for any unblinding procedures.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    No

    Arm title
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI
    Arm description
    Fluticasone/formoterol BAI (K-Haler), 50/5 µg or 125/5µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Fluticasone/formoterol BAI
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    K-Haler
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Inhalation powder
    Routes of administration
    Inhalation use
    Dosage and administration details
    For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 100/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (K-haler) of 100/10 bid. For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 250/50 bid or 500/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (K-haler) of 250/10 bid.

    Arm title
    Symbicort Turbohaler
    Arm description
    Symbicort Turbohaler (budesonide/formoterol), 100/6 µg or 200/6 µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Symbicort Turbohaler
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Inhalation powder
    Routes of administration
    Inhalation use
    Dosage and administration details
    For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 100/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (Symbicort Turbohaler) of 200/12 bid. For subjects using pre-study/washout medication Seretide Accuhaler at 250/50 bid or 500/50 bid, subject will receive study treatment (Symbicort Turbohaler) of 400/12 bid.

    Number of subjects in period 2
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI Symbicort Turbohaler
    Started
    183
    186
    Completed
    165
    173
    Not completed
    18
    13
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    9
    6
         Cannot be trained
    1
    -
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    4
    4
         Lost to follow-up
    1
    1
         Lack of efficacy
    1
    1
         Protocol deviation
    2
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Treatment Period 1
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Treatment Period 1 Total
    Number of subjects
    369 369
    Age categorical
    Demographics, including age categories, was displayed for the full analysis population (N=362).
    Units: Subjects
        >=0 to <=17 years
    0 0
        >=18 to <=65 years
    274 274
        >65 years
    95 95
    Age continuous
    Descriptive statistics of the age of each subject at baseline.
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    53.5 ( 15.51 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    197 197
        Male
    172 172
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        White
    365 365
        Black or African American
    2 2
        Asian
    0 0
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    0 0
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0
        Other
    2 2

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI
    Reporting group description
    Fluticasone/formoterol BAI (K-Haler), 50/5 µg or 125/5µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation

    Reporting group title
    Symbicort Turbohaler
    Reporting group description
    Symbicort Turbohaler (budesonide/formoterol), 100/6 µg or 200/6 µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation
    Reporting group title
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI
    Reporting group description
    Fluticasone/formoterol BAI (K-Haler), 50/5 µg or 125/5µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation

    Reporting group title
    Symbicort Turbohaler
    Reporting group description
    Symbicort Turbohaler (budesonide/formoterol), 100/6 µg or 200/6 µg, 2 actuations bid, via inhalation

    Subject analysis set title
    Randomised Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The randomised population is defined as all randomised subjects.

    Subject analysis set title
    Full Analysis Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The full analysis population is defined as all randomised subjects who use at least one device (fluticasone/ formoterol K-Haler or Symbicort Turbohaler) and have at least one formal assessment (i.e. beyond the critique of the “practice” attempt).

    Subject analysis set title
    Per Protocol Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    The Per Protocol Population is defined as all FAP subjects who complete both treatment periods and who have no other major protocol deviations. Major protocol deviations will be agreed at the Data Review Meeting (DRM).

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The safety population is defined as all randomised subjects who use at least one device (fluticasone/ formoterol K-Haler or Symbicort Turbohaler).

    Primary: Critical Device Handling Success (OC)

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    End point title
    Critical Device Handling Success (OC)
    End point description
    The number and percentage of subjects that can perform all critical steps correctly when using the inhaler device 12 weeks after training (i.e. from the first attempt at week 12) will be summarized by treatment for the full analysis population. Two-sided 95% confidence intervals (exact Clopper-Pearson intervals for the binomial proportion) for the proportions will also be included in these summaries. This is for the observed case only.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Subjects are assessed using the inhaler device 12 weeks after training (i.e. from the first attempt at week 12).
    End point values
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI Symbicort Turbohaler
    Number of subjects analysed
    319
    336
    Units: Percentage
    number (confidence interval 95%)
        Successful
    94.0 (90.0 to 96.4)
    82.4 (77.9 to 86.4)
        Unsuccessful
    6.0 (3.6 to 9.1)
    17.6 (13.6 to 22.1)
    Statistical analysis title
    Analysis of Critical Device Handling Success W12
    Statistical analysis description
    The logistic regression model will include fixed terms for treatment and period, and subject and centre as random effects. Age and baseline FEV1 will be included as continuous covariates. Kenward-Roger degrees of freedom shall be employed. The statistical model will be used to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for the treatment comparison: fluticasone/formoterol BAI (test) versus Symbicort Turbohaler (reference) and p-value from the statistical test will be displayed.
    Comparison groups
    Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI v Symbicort Turbohaler
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    655
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority [1]
    P-value
    < 0.001
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    2.89
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    1.57
         upper limit
    5.33
    Notes
    [1] - As this is a crossover study, the number of subjects is incorrect and should be listed as 351 subjects in the Fluticasone group and 349 subjects in the Symbicort group. EudraCT just adds the numbers up and does not allow you to enter them manually.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Entire Study Period
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Treatment Emergent AEs for Safety Population
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    20
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Khaler
    Reporting group description
    Khaler

    Reporting group title
    Symbicort
    Reporting group description
    Symbicort

    Serious adverse events
    Khaler Symbicort
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 351 (3.13%)
    11 / 349 (3.15%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Bladder cancer
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Non-small cell lung cancer
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Throat cancer
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Accident
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Alcohol poisoning
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Humerus fracture
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Circulatory collapse
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tachycardia
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Limb operation
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Radiculopathy
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tension headache
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Lymphadenopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Acute psychosis
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Depression
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Rotator cuff syndrome
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Abscess
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Otitis media
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 349 (0.29%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 349 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Khaler Symbicort
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 351 (3.99%)
    18 / 349 (5.16%)
    Infections and infestations
    Viral upper respiratory tract infection
    alternative assessment type: Systematic
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 351 (3.99%)
    18 / 349 (5.16%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    19

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    01 May 2015
    Protocol Amendment No. 1 amended the acceptable contraceptive measures detailed in the inclusion criteria. Some additional errata and inconsistencies were also corrected in the protocol.
    11 Jun 2015
    Protocol Amendment No. 2 amended the criteria for assessment of Symbicort Turbohaler step 7.
    13 Nov 2015
    Protocol Amendment No. 3 clarified criteria for discontinuation and corrected an inconsistency in the protocol. It included an additional assessment, at 12 weeks, of a subject’s ability to generate an adequate inspiratory flow for the Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI.
    16 Dec 2015
    Protocol Amendment No. 4 allowed the inclusion of the same product marketed under a different name in Germany, e.g., Atmadisc Diskus is the same product as Viani Diskus and Seretide Accuhaler.
    27 Jun 2016
    Additional exploratory efficacy endpoints were added. The subjects’ ability to trigger the Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI for all Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI assessments was assessed rather than only on day 1 at the first post-HCP training assessment and at week 12 prior to HCP training. For the statistical analyses, Step 5 of the Fluticasone/Formoterol BAI assessment was replaced with the ability to trigger the inhaler. The order of assessments at a combined Visit 1 and 2 was clarified. Inconsistency in regards to the follow-up period was corrected The SAE reporting email address was changed.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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