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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase 3 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Sialic Acid Extended-Release Tablets in Patients with GNE Myopathy (GNEM) or Hereditary Inclusion Body Myopathy (HIBM)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2014-005432-33
    Trial protocol
    BG   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    09 Jun 2017

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    23 Jun 2018
    First version publication date
    23 Jun 2018
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    UX001-CL301
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT02377921
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc.
    Sponsor organisation address
    60 Leveroni Court, Novato, California, United States, 94949
    Public contact
    Kim Mooney, Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc., 415 4838813, kmooney@ultragenyx.com
    Scientific contact
    Medical Director, Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc., 415 4838800,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    09 Jun 2017
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    09 Jun 2017
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Evaluate the effect of 6 g/day SA-ER treatment of subjects with GNEM on upper extremity muscle strength (UEC score) as measured by dynamometry
    Protection of trial subjects
    The trial was designed, conducted, recorded, and reported in accordance with the principles established by the 18th World Medical Association General Assembly (Helsinki, 1964) and subsequent amendments and clarifications adopted by the General Assemblies. The investigators made every effort to ensure that the study was conducted in full conformance with Helsinki principles, International Council for Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines, current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, EU Clinical Trial Directive 2001/20/EC, and local ethical and regulatory requirements. Each investigator was thoroughly familiar with the appropriate administration and potential risks of administration of the study drug, as described in the protocol and Investigator’s Brochure, prior to the initiation of the study. The method of obtaining and documenting informed consent and the contents of the informed consent form (ICF) complied with ICH GCP guidelines, the requirements of 21 CFR Part 50, “Protection of Human Subjects,” the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act regulations, and all other applicable regulatory requirements. Investigators were responsible for preparing the ICF and submitting it to the Sponsor for approval prior to submission to the Institutional Review Board (IRB). All ICFs were written in regional language and contained the minimum elements for consent as mandated by the ICH guidelines. An IRB-approved ICF was provided by the Sponsor prior to initiation of the study. Investigators obtained signed written informed consent from each potential study subject prior to the conduct of any study procedures and after the methods, objectives, requirements, and potential risks of the study were fully explained to each potential subject. Consent for participation could be withdrawn at any time for any reason by the subject.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    20 May 2015
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 18
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Israel: 9
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 22
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    89
    EEA total number of subjects
    50
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    89
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The date of the Screening Visit was the date the subject signed informed consent for this study. The Baseline (Week 0) visit took place within 7 to 28 days of the Screening visit; subjects were randomized only after inclusion/exclusion criteria were confirmed.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator
    Blinding implementation details
    Study parameters to achieve and maintain the double-blind status of the study included: sequential assignment of subject numbers; management of subject treatment assignment via an interactive web-based response system; labeling of study drug with the study number and a unique kit number; packaging and delivery of study drug supplies to sites in a manner that maintains blinding of site personnel; matched appearance of investigational product and placebo.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Ace-ER 6 g/Day
    Arm description
    Aceneuramic acid extended-release (Ace-ER) 6 g/day, divided 3 times per day (TID) for 48 weeks.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    sialic acid (INN: aceneuramic acid)
    Investigational medicinal product code
    UX001
    Other name
    sialic acid extended-release (SA-ER)
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The 6000 mg (6 g) total daily SA dose was administered by the oral route and was divided into a TID regimen: 4 tablets taken in the morning, early evening, and before bedtime (qHS). The dose was to be administered with food (i.e. within 30 minutes of a meal or snack).

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Matching placebo TID for 48 weeks.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The placebo daily dose was given orally TID as 4 tablets taken in the morning, early evening, and qHS. The dose was to be administered with food (i.e. within 30 minutes of a meal or snack).

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Ace-ER 6 g/Day Placebo
    Started
    45
    44
    Completed
    44
    43
    Not completed
    1
    1
         Subject non-compliance
    1
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Ace-ER 6 g/Day
    Reporting group description
    Aceneuramic acid extended-release (Ace-ER) 6 g/day, divided 3 times per day (TID) for 48 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Matching placebo TID for 48 weeks.

    Reporting group values
    Ace-ER 6 g/Day Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    45 44 89
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    33.8 ( 7.91 ) 36.5 ( 8.65 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    20 20 40
        Male
    25 24 49
    Ethnicity
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    5 7 12
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    39 34 73
        Unknown or Not Reported
    1 3 4
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    0 0 0
        Asian
    6 7 13
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0 0
        Black or African American
    0 0 0
        White
    36 33 69
        More than one race
    0 0 0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    3 4 7
    Upper Extremity Composite (UEC) Score
    Muscle strength based on the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) against a dynamometer was measured bilaterally in the following upper extremity muscle groups: gross grip, shoulder abductors, elbow flexors, and elbow extensors. The UEC is derived from the sum of the average of the right and left total force values (measured in kg). Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    55.99 ( 26.950 ) 56.31 ( 29.287 ) -
    Muscle Strength in the Knee Extensors
    Lower extremity muscle strength in the knee extensors was measured by dynamometry. Bilateral total force was defined as the average of the right and left force values (measured in kg). Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    26.53 ( 9.035 ) 26.65 ( 8.969 ) -
    Lower Extremity Composite (LEC) Score
    Muscle strength based on MVIC against a dynamometer was measured bilaterally in the following lower extremity muscle groups: knee flexors, hip flexors, hip extensors, hip abductors and hip adductors. The LEC is derived from the sum of the average of the right and left total force values (measured in kg). Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    53.52 ( 33.751 ) 55.17 ( 39.324 ) -
    Stands in Sit-to- Stand Test
    Lower extremity function was assessed using a sit-to-stand test. The number of times the subject can rise from a seated to a standing position in a 30-second period was recorded. Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: stands
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    12.38 ( 4.103 ) 12.58 ( 4.316 ) -
    Lifts in Weighted Arm Lift Test
    Upper extremity function was assessed using a weighted arm lift test performed bilaterally. The number of times the subject can raise a 1 kg weight above the head in a 30-second period was recorded. Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: arm lifts
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    30.50 ( 10.452 ) 28.18 ( 9.824 ) -
    Glucosamine (UDP-N-acetyl)-2- epimerase Myopathy Functional Activities Scale(GNEM-FAS)Mobility Score
    Lower extremity use and function was assessed using the Mobility domain of the GNEM-FAS instrument a disease specific measure developed to assess the functional impact of changes in muscle strength on mobility (reflective of the lower extremities). Mobility subscale scores range from 0 to 40 with higher scores representing greater mobility. Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: units on a scale
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    26.38 ( 7.581 ) 26.23 ( 6.403 ) -
    Distance Walked in 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
    The total distance walked (meters) in a 6-minute period was measured. Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: meters
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    367.0 ( 115.07 ) 361.2 ( 109.87 ) -
    Percent of Predicted Distance Walked in 6MWT
    The total distance walked (meters) in a 6-minute period was measured, and the percent predicted distance based on normative data for age and gender was estimated. Predicted Six-Minute Walk Test Distance (meters) = 868.8 - (2.99 x Age) - (74.7 x Sex), where Age is baseline age in years, and Sex = 0 for males, and 1 for females. Primary Analysis Set: subjects in the Ace-ER and placebo arms who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement (n=45, 43, respectively).
    Units: percentage of predicted meters
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    49.97 ( 15.521 ) 49.87 ( 14.823 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Ace-ER 6 g/Day
    Reporting group description
    Aceneuramic acid extended-release (Ace-ER) 6 g/day, divided 3 times per day (TID) for 48 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Matching placebo TID for 48 weeks.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Subjects in the Ace-ER 6 g/day arm who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Subjects in the placebo arm who had a Baseline and at least 1 postbaseline measurement.

    Primary: Change From Baseline in UEC Score (Total Force in kg) at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in UEC Score (Total Force in kg) at Week 48
    End point description
    Muscle strength based on the MVIC against a dynamometer was measured bilaterally in the following upper extremity muscle groups: gross grip, shoulder abductors, elbow flexors, and elbow extensors. The UEC is derived from the sum of the average of the right and left total force values (measured in kg).
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: kg
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -2.25 (-3.77 to -0.74)
    -2.99 (-4.69 to -1.28)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.5387 [1]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    Least Squares (LS) Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    0.74
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -1.61
         upper limit
    3.09
    Notes
    [1] - Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model includes change from Baseline (BL) as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and BL values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in Muscle Strength in the Knee Extensors at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Muscle Strength in the Knee Extensors at Week 48
    End point description
    Lower extremity muscle strength in the knee extensors was measured by dynamometry. Bilateral total force was defined as the average of the right and left force values (measured in kg).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: kg
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    0.05 (-1.19 to 1.29)
    0.45 (-1.20 to 2.10)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Placebo v Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.6938 [2]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -0.4
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -2.38
         upper limit
    1.58
    Notes
    [2] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in LEC Score (Total Force in kg) at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in LEC Score (Total Force in kg) at Week 48
    End point description
    Muscle strength based on MVIC against a dynamometer was measured bilaterally in the following lower extremity muscle groups: knee flexors, hip flexors, hip extensors, hip abductors and hip adductors. The LEC is derived from the sum of the average of the right and left total force values (measured in kg).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: kg
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -1.92 (-4.49 to 0.65)
    -0.44 (-3.96 to 3.09)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Placebo v Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.5023 [3]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -1.49
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -5.83
         upper limit
    2.86
    Notes
    [3] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in GNEM FAS Mobility Domain Score at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in GNEM FAS Mobility Domain Score at Week 48
    End point description
    Lower extremity use and function was assessed using the Mobility domain of the GNEM-FAS instrument a disease specific measure developed to assess the functional impact of changes in muscle strength on mobility (reflective of the lower extremities). Mobility subscale scores range from 0 to 40 with higher scores representing greater mobility.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -2.49 (-3.56 to -1.42)
    -1.77 (-2.59 to -0.95)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.2739 [4]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -0.72
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -2.01
         upper limit
    0.57
    Notes
    [4] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in Number of Lifts in the 30 Second Weighted Arm Lift Test at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Number of Lifts in the 30 Second Weighted Arm Lift Test at Week 48
    End point description
    Upper extremity function was assessed using a weighted arm lift test performed bilaterally. The number of times the subject can raise a 1 kg weight above the head in a 30-second period was recorded.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: arm lifts
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    0.03 (-2.19 to 2.26)
    2.79 (0.21 to 5.38)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.1235 [5]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -2.76
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -6.27
         upper limit
    0.75
    Notes
    [5] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in Number of Stands in the Sit to Stand Test at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Number of Stands in the Sit to Stand Test at Week 48
    End point description
    Lower extremity function was assessed using a sit-to-stand test. The number of times the participant can rise from a seated to a standing position in a 30-second period was recorded.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: stands
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    0.11 (-0.55 to 0.77)
    0.53 (-0.21 to 1.28)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.3907 [6]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -0.43
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -1.4
         upper limit
    0.55
    Notes
    [6] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in Meters Walked in the 6MWT at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Meters Walked in the 6MWT at Week 48
    End point description
    The total distance walked (meters) in a 6-minute period was measured.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: meters
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -17.79 (-32.09 to -3.50)
    -6.81 (-16.83 to 3.21)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.1964 [7]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -10.98
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -27.64
         upper limit
    5.68
    Notes
    [7] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in Percent Predicted Meters Walked in the 6MWT at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in Percent Predicted Meters Walked in the 6MWT at Week 48
    End point description
    The total distance walked (meters) in a 6-minute period was measured, and the percent predicted distance based on normative data for age and gender was estimated.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: percentage of predicted meters
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -2.37 (-4.30 to -0.44)
    -0.97 (-2.32 to 0.38)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.2241 [8]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -1.4
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -3.66
         upper limit
    0.86
    Notes
    [8] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline in GNEM FAS Upper Extremity Domain Score at Week 48

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline in GNEM FAS Upper Extremity Domain Score at Week 48
    End point description
    Upper extremity use and function was assessed using the Mobility domain of the GNEM-FAS instrument a disease specific measure developed to assess the functional impact of changes in muscle strength on mobility (reflective of the upper extremities). Mobility subscale scores range from 0 to 40 with higher scores representing greater mobility.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Week 48
    End point values
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    45
    43
    Units: units on a scale
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -1.40 (-2.21 to -0.58)
    -1.08 (-1.86 to -0.29)
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical Analysis 1
    Comparison groups
    Primary Analysis Set: Ace-ER 6 g/day v Primary Analysis Set: Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    88
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.5608 [9]
    Method
    GEE model
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -0.32
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -1.39
         upper limit
    0.75
    Notes
    [9] - GEE model includes change from Baseline as dependent variable, visit, treatment and visit by treatment as fixed factors, and Baseline values, sex, and region as covariates, with compound symmetry covariance structure.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Screening through Week 48 plus 28 days (+5 days). The mean (SD) duration of treatment was 340.2 (12.02) days and 332.9 (40.86) days for the Ace-ER and placebo groups, respectively.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    17.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Ace-ER 6 g/day
    Reporting group description
    PLACEHOLDER

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    PLACEHOLDER

    Serious adverse events
    Ace-ER 6 g/day Placebo
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 45 (4.44%)
    1 / 44 (2.27%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 45 (2.22%)
    0 / 44 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions
    Abortion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 45 (0.00%)
    1 / 44 (2.27%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 45 (2.22%)
    0 / 44 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Ace-ER 6 g/day Placebo
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    38 / 45 (84.44%)
    30 / 44 (68.18%)
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    2 / 44 (4.55%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    3
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 45 (15.56%)
    7 / 44 (15.91%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    11
    Contusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    0 / 44 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    0
    Skin abrasion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 45 (0.00%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 45 (6.67%)
    1 / 44 (2.27%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    Dysgeusia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 45 (6.67%)
    0 / 44 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 45 (15.56%)
    7 / 44 (15.91%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    8
    Sciatica
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 45 (0.00%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    4
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 45 (4.44%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    4 / 44 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    5
    Influenza like illness
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    11 / 44 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    12
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 45 (2.22%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    4 / 44 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    4
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 45 (22.22%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    3
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 45 (17.78%)
    6 / 44 (13.64%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    8
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 45 (13.33%)
    5 / 44 (11.36%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    6
    Frequent bowel movements
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 45 (6.67%)
    0 / 44 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 45 (11.11%)
    2 / 44 (4.55%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    3
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Nasal congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    1 / 44 (2.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 45 (11.11%)
    4 / 44 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    4
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    2 / 44 (4.55%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    2
    Psychiatric disorders
    Sleep disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 45 (0.00%)
    4 / 44 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    4
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 45 (20.00%)
    5 / 44 (11.36%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    5
    Muscular weakness
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 45 (13.33%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    5
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 45 (11.11%)
    4 / 44 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    5
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    2 / 44 (4.55%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    3
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 45 (13.33%)
    1 / 44 (2.27%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    1
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 45 (8.89%)
    3 / 44 (6.82%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    4
    Infections and infestations
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 45 (11.11%)
    1 / 44 (2.27%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    1
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 45 (2.22%)
    4 / 44 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    5

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    16 Mar 2015
    1. Inclusion Criterion was updated to state that participants of child‐bearing potential or with partners of child-bearing potential must consent to use a highly effective method of contraception. The abstinence language was also updated. 2. Stopping Rules were updated to state that Regulatory Authorities, as well as IRBs and ethics committees (ECs), would be informed should unexpected and possibly, probably, or definitely drug-related serious adverse events (SAEs) occurred and/or if the study was paused or stopped per recommendation from the data monitoring committee (DMC). Language was also added stating that, if paused or stopped, the trial would only be restarted following approval by Regulatory Authorities. 3. Updated to include language that if emergent suicidal ideation or behavior was indicated upon review of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), the investigator should promptly evaluate the subject to ensure proper management and protection of subject safety. 4. Multiple sections were updated to define the Sponsor’s responsibilities with regard to reporting SAEs/Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Reactions (SUSARs).
    23 Sep 2015
    1. Inclusion Criterion was updated to increase the upper age limit from 50 to 55. 2. Updated to clarify that leftover biological samples (from the protocol specified blood and urine requirements) may be used for future research including, but not limited to, biomarker research.
    25 Mar 2016
    1. Synopsis, Data Monitoring Committee, and Review of Safety Data were updated to indicate that DMC meetings would occur at least 2 times per year instead of quarterly. 2. Schedule of Events was updated to remove the free, total and bound urine SA levels from the Screening Visit. Drug Concentrations Measurements was also updated to reflect this change. 3. Schedule of Events, Footnote g was updated to clarify how the urine sample for N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) testing would be collected. Urine Testing for ManNAc was also updated to reflect this change. 4. Schedule of Events and Selection of Doses and Study Duration were updated to reflect that the Safety Follow up Visit was to be conducted by phone, including clarifications around the Safety Follow-up Call. Based on this change, the assessments to be conducted at this visit were updated to indicate that the Safety Follow-up Call was only for subjects who completed the study and chose not to enroll in the extension study, UX001-CL302, or who discontinued the study early. This call was not required for subjects who were eligible and chose to take part in the extension study, UX001-CL302. Information on any ongoing or new AEs, SAEs, and concomitant medications was to be collected in this phone call. 5. Discussion of Study Design, Including Choice of Control Group was updated to include additional rationale for the 6WMT as a secondary endpoint. 6. List of Abbreviations and Definition of Terms was updated to include “TC", defined as telephone call. 7. Removal of Subjects from Therapy or Assessment, Adverse Events, Adverse Event Reporting, General, Serious Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Drug Reactions, and Requirements for Immediate Reporting, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting, and Urgent Safety Measures were updated to clarify the end of the data collection period for safety reporting events based on the change to the Safety Follow-up Call (refer to Summary of Change #4 above).
    25 Mar 2016
    (continued) 8. Study Schedule was updated based on the change to the Safety Follow up Call (refer to Summary of Change #4 above) and to clarify that Screening procedures may have taken place across multiple days to allow enough time to complete all procedures and confirm initial subject eligibility. 9. Dynamometry was updated to clarify the number of test attempts that would be administered for each muscle group (3 versus up to 3). For data analysis, the highest value (rather than an average of the 3 values) was still utilized as specified in the original protocol. 10. Dynamometry was updated to remove an outdated reference for normative grip strength data. 11. Six Minute Walk Test was updated to clarify the 6MWT administration for this protocol. 12. Table and Clinical Laboratory Tests for Safety were updated to clarify the analytes that would be tested in the urinalysis (added blood and leukocyte esterase) and to clarify that microscopic evaluation would be conducted for abnormal urine test results. 13. Volume of Blood to Be Drawn from Each Subject and associated Table were updated to clarify the volume of blood that would be drawn for the serum SA tests, to reduce the number of chemistry and hematology samples obtained, and to clarify the overall volume of blood that would be obtained during the study. The total mL of blood collected through study completion was increased from 108.5 mL to 119.0 mL. 14. Individual Neuromuscular Quality of Life Questionnaire was updated to provide guidance on administering the test to subjects when the scale was not available in the subject’s native language. 15. Pregnancy Testing was updated to remove the reference to a pregnancy test at the Safety Follow-up Visit. 16. Populations Analyzed was updated to match the definition of the SA Analysis Set between the synopsis and the protocol body (ie, urine SA levels was added to Section).
    25 Mar 2016
    (continued) 17. Subject Information and Consent was modified to remove the requirement for assent from subjects under the age of 18. 18. Safety Contact Information was updated with the correct email address for the Medical Monitor. 19. References section was updated to remove the outdated normative grip strength data reference.
    25 May 2017
    1. The study objectives were modified to designate 3 secondary objectives as “key” secondary objectives. These 3 secondary objectives were to evaluate the effect of 6 g/day of Ace-ER treatment of subjects with GNEM on the following: - Lower extremity composite muscle strength score as measured by dynamometry - Muscle strength in the knee extensors as measured by dynamometry - Physical functioning as measured using the GNEM-FAS mobility domain score 2. Three secondary clinical efficacy endpoints were designated as “key” secondary endpoints. These included the following: - LEC score based on a sum of the mean bilateral strength recorded in the following muscle groups: knee flexors, hip flexors, hip extensors, hip abductors, and hip adductors - Muscle strength in the knee extensors: bilateral total force (in kg) - GNEM FAS mobility domain score Percent predicted muscle strength in the knee extensors was previously included as a secondary endpoint (in addition to total force) and was now listed separately as a tertiary endpoint. 3. Text was added to indicate that Hochberg’s adjustment for multiplicity would be applied for the 3 key secondary endpoints. In addition, geographic region and sex were added as covariates for the primary efficacy analysis. 4. Language regarding urinary SA as a tertiary objective and its assessment was modified. Urinary SA was measured but was not used as a determination of Ace-ER absorption, excretion, and pharmacodynamics.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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