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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Be-PrEP-ared: HIV prevention with Pre-exposure prophylaxis – a demonstration project in high risk men having sex with men in Belgium

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2015-000054-37
    Trial protocol
    BE  
    Global end of trial date
    16 May 2018

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    07 Sep 2019
    First version publication date
    07 Sep 2019
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    ITM0514
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp
    Sponsor organisation address
    Nationalestraat 155, Antwerp, Belgium, 2000
    Public contact
    Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 0032 33455557, yvanherrewege@itg.be
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 0032 33455557, yvanherrewege@itg.be
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 Apr 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    16 May 2018
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    16 May 2018
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Among MSM at high risk for acquiring HIV: - To document their current preventive needs, including the uptake, acceptability and feasibility of using PrEP intermittently or daily - To evaluate adherence to two different PrEP regimens
    Protection of trial subjects
    - EC approval - No fault insurance - Pseudonymisation of the trial data - Behavioral counseling
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    30 Sep 2015
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 200
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    200
    EEA total number of subjects
    200
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    198
    From 65 to 84 years
    2
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    FPFV: 30/Sep/2015 FPLV: 16/May/2018 Screened: 219 Enrolled: 200

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    219 subjects screened and 200 enrolled. Most common reasons for not being included were that subjects did not fall under the criteria for high-risk sexual contacts.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    This is an open-label study and participants will decide for themselves if they want to use PrEP or not. When using PrEP they can self-select in which arm to be enrolled, thus between two regimens (daily or event-driven).

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    No

    Arm title
    Daily
    Arm description
    Participants take on tablet of PrEP on a daily basis.
    Arm type
    Daily use

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Truvada
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    One tablet a day. PrEP intake should be every 24 hours ± 2 hours (with a window period of two hours before or after the scheduled time). The scheduled time of tablet intake should remain the same every day. When starting PrEP, the participant should not have unsafe sex until he took 2 pills before the first sexual act (with the second pill at least 2h before sex).

    Arm title
    Event-driven
    Arm description
    Participant takes PrEP around the time of sexual contact.
    Arm type
    Event-driven use

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Truvada
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    A dose of two pills 2-24 hours before the sex-act, and one tablet of Truvada every 24 hours (starting when the first two tablets are taken) during the whole period of sexual activity including two doses after the last sexual intercourse. The tablets should be taken every 24 hours + 2 hours (with a window period of two hours before or after the scheduled time).

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Daily Event-driven
    Started
    153
    47
    Completed
    153
    47

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Daily
    Reporting group description
    Participants take on tablet of PrEP on a daily basis.

    Reporting group title
    Event-driven
    Reporting group description
    Participant takes PrEP around the time of sexual contact.

    Reporting group values
    Daily Event-driven Total
    Number of subjects
    153 47 200
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    152 46 198
        From 65-84 years
    1 1 2
        85 years and over
    0 0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    38 (31 to 43) 39 (34 to 47) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    0 0 0
        Male
    153 47 200
    Height
    Units: cm
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    180 (176 to 186) 181 (177 to 186) -
    Weight
    Units: kilogram(s)
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    78 (71 to 84) 75.7 (69 to 85) -
    Systolic blood pressure
    Units: mmHg
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    129 (119 to 137) 128 (117 to 140) -
    Diastolic blood pressure
    Units: mmHg
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    85 (79 to 92) 83 (75 to 93) -
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    All enrolled participants
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    All enrolled participants, independent of study arm

    Subject analysis sets values
    All enrolled participants
    Number of subjects
    200
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    198
        From 65-84 years
    2
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    0
        Male
    200
    Height
    Units: cm
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    Weight
    Units: kilogram(s)
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    Systolic blood pressure
    Units: mmHg
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    Diastolic blood pressure
    Units: mmHg
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Daily
    Reporting group description
    Participants take on tablet of PrEP on a daily basis.

    Reporting group title
    Event-driven
    Reporting group description
    Participant takes PrEP around the time of sexual contact.

    Subject analysis set title
    All enrolled participants
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    All enrolled participants, independent of study arm

    Primary: Unsafe sex behavior

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    End point title
    Unsafe sex behavior [1]
    End point description
    Unsafe sex behavior is defined as condomless anal intercourse in the last three months with a casual partner with unknown HIV status or HIV positive status.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Screening
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No comparison between both arms was done.
    End point values
    Daily Event-driven
    Number of subjects analysed
    153
    47
    Units: Participants
    89
    18
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Intention to use PrEP

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    End point title
    Intention to use PrEP [2]
    End point description
    The proportion of participants who have the intention to use PrEP in the future.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Screening
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No comparison between both arms was done.
    End point values
    All enrolled participants
    Number of subjects analysed
    104
    Units: Participants
    100
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Retention rate: discontinuation

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    End point title
    Retention rate: discontinuation [3]
    End point description
    The incidence rate of (first) discontinuation of PrEP.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Whole study
    Notes
    [3] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No comparison between both arms was done.
    End point values
    Daily Event-driven
    Number of subjects analysed
    153
    47
    Units: Incidence rate per person-year
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    0.30 (0.23 to 0.39)
    0.25 (0.15 to 0.41)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Incidence rate: restarting

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    End point title
    Incidence rate: restarting [4]
    End point description
    The incidence rate of restarting PrEP after (first) discontinuation.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Whole study
    Notes
    [4] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No comparison between both arms was done.
    End point values
    Daily Event-driven
    Number of subjects analysed
    153
    47
    Units: Incidence rate per person-year
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    10.61 (8.09 to 13.92)
    4.19 (2.38 to 7.39)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Proportion of covered sex days

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    End point title
    Proportion of covered sex days
    End point description
    Adherence is calculated as the proportion of days with anal sex acts that are covered by PrEP intake
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Whole study
    End point values
    Daily Event-driven
    Number of subjects analysed
    153
    47
    Units: Proportion of days (%)
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    96.5 (96.3 to 96.8)
    67 (65.4 to 68.5)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison of adherence between arms
    Comparison groups
    Daily v Event-driven
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    200
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval

    Primary: Drug levels: Month 1

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    End point title
    Drug levels: Month 1
    End point description
    At least 10 ng of tenofovir per milliliter in plasma is considered evidence that TDF has been taken within the previous 48 hours.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Month 1
    End point values
    Daily Event-driven
    Number of subjects analysed
    150
    44
    Units: Participants
    143
    24
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison of drug levels at month 1 between arms
    Comparison groups
    Daily v Event-driven
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    194
    Analysis specification
    Post-hoc
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval

    Primary: Drug levels: Month 3

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    End point title
    Drug levels: Month 3
    End point description
    At least 10 ng of tenofovir per milliliter in plasma is considered evidence that TDF has been taken within the previous 48 hours.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Month 3
    End point values
    Daily Event-driven
    Number of subjects analysed
    146
    47
    Units: Participants
    140
    24
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison of drug levels at month 3 between arms
    Comparison groups
    Daily v Event-driven
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    193
    Analysis specification
    Post-hoc
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval

    Secondary: HIV seroconversion

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    End point title
    HIV seroconversion
    End point description
    HIV seroconversion during the study
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Whole study
    End point values
    All enrolled participants
    Number of subjects analysed
    200
    Units: Participants
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Accepting HIV testing using oral fluid self-sampling testing

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    End point title
    Accepting HIV testing using oral fluid self-sampling testing
    End point description
    The proportions of participants who prefers oral fluid self-sampling above blood sampling for HIV testing.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Whole study
    End point values
    All enrolled participants
    Number of subjects analysed
    104
    Units: Participants
    45
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Baseline visit until final study visit.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    19.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Daily
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Event-driven
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Daily Event-driven
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 153 (6.54%)
    7 / 47 (14.89%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    3
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    3
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Overdose
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Drug rehabilitation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Crohn's disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Priapism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asphyxia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Completed suicide
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Personality disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric decompensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Osteoarthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rotator cuff syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Dysentery
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 153 (0.00%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatitis A
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Proctitis bacterial
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Subdural empyema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 153 (0.65%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Daily Event-driven
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    151 / 153 (98.69%)
    45 / 47 (95.74%)
    Investigations
    Chlamydia test positive
         subjects affected / exposed
    61 / 153 (39.87%)
    13 / 47 (27.66%)
         occurrences all number
    61
    13
    Herpes simplex test positive
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 153 (8.50%)
    3 / 47 (6.38%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    3
    Mycoplasma test positive
         subjects affected / exposed
    44 / 153 (28.76%)
    13 / 47 (27.66%)
         occurrences all number
    44
    13
    Neisseria test positive
         subjects affected / exposed
    65 / 153 (42.48%)
    14 / 47 (29.79%)
         occurrences all number
    65
    14
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 153 (3.27%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    5
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 153 (14.38%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    5
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 153 (15.69%)
    7 / 47 (14.89%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    7
    Influenza like illness
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 153 (5.88%)
    4 / 47 (8.51%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    4
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 153 (9.15%)
    3 / 47 (6.38%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    3
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 153 (9.80%)
    3 / 47 (6.38%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    3
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    50 / 153 (32.68%)
    12 / 47 (25.53%)
         occurrences all number
    50
    12
    Epigastric discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 153 (5.23%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    5
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 153 (14.38%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    5
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 153 (9.80%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    5
    Proctitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 153 (5.88%)
    4 / 47 (8.51%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    4
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 153 (5.23%)
    4 / 47 (8.51%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    4
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 153 (4.58%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    5
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Dysuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 153 (14.38%)
    4 / 47 (8.51%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    4
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 153 (9.80%)
    2 / 47 (4.26%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    2
    Infections and infestations
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 153 (5.23%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    5
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 153 (8.50%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    1
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 153 (4.58%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    5
    Lymphogranuloma venereum
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 153 (9.15%)
    0 / 47 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    0
    Pharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 153 (10.46%)
    9 / 47 (19.15%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    9
    Proctitis gonococcal
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 153 (8.50%)
    6 / 47 (12.77%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    6
    Syphilis
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 153 (17.65%)
    5 / 47 (10.64%)
         occurrences all number
    27
    5
    Urethritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 153 (9.15%)
    1 / 47 (2.13%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    1
    Urethritis chlamydial
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 153 (5.88%)
    6 / 47 (12.77%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    6
    Urethritis gonococcal
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 153 (13.07%)
    2 / 47 (4.26%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    2
    Viral upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    40 / 153 (26.14%)
    11 / 47 (23.40%)
         occurrences all number
    40
    11

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    16 Dec 2016
    Extension of the open label Be-PrEP-ared cohort study with 3-monthly follow-up visits until the end of Jan 2018 for early participants (M18 scheduled before 01/11/2017). This proposition is guided by ethical considerations (extended support to HIV prevention for current trial participants during the window period) and scientific added value (longer follow up allows to collect more valuable info on primary and secondary endpoints). The supply of Truvada as original foreseen for the Be-PrEP-ared study is sufficient to cover also the prolonged participation of those study subjects which would roll out of the study before end of 2017, and the manufacturer of Truvada (Gilead) gave its permission to use the drug as such.
    11 Dec 2017
    An interim analysis was performed on het collected study data of the first 12 months of enrollment for all participants. - Number and % participants who switch regimen (from daily to event-driven of inverse) - Incidence Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, syphilis, Hepatitis C: cumulative over 12 months; per PrEP regimen - HIV seroconversion rate - Proportion of covered sex acts: per 3 months, per regimen and per risk category (low or high risk) - Self-perceived skills to adhere - Reported total number of sex partners (ano + occasion + steady), per 3 months and per regimen - Reported number of anonymous partners, per 3 months and per PrEP regimen - Reported number of casual partners, per 3 months and per PrEP regimen - Reported proportion of sexual partners with whom condom was used for receptive, top and receptive/top anal intercourse, per 3 months, per type partner and per PrEP regimen - Reported number of sex under influence of alcohol and/or drugs, per 9 months and per PrEP regimen In addition, the baseline characteristics, as described in chapter 12.1.2.2. will be included in the interim analysis.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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