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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A phase II trial of Tocilizumab in anti-TNF refractory patients with JIA associated uveitis.

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2015-001323-23
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    28 Sep 2018

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    05 Oct 2019
    First version publication date
    05 Oct 2019
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    Baseline characteristics

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CH/2013/4247
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    ISRCTN95363507
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    AR UK ref: 20659
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
    Sponsor organisation address
    Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, United Kingdom, BS2 8AE
    Public contact
    Ashley Jones, Liverpool Clinical Trials Statistician, Medicines for Children Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Trials Research Centre, +44 1517958787, lctcqa@liverpool.ac.uk
    Scientific contact
    Ashley Jones, Liverpool Clinical Trials Statistician, Medicines for Children Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Trials Research Centre, +44 1517958787, lctcqa@liverpool.ac.uk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    Yes
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    22 Mar 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    01 Jun 2018
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    28 Sep 2018
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective of this trial is to estimate the clinical response rate of uveitis to Tocilizumab in combination with MTX in children with JIA-associated uveitis who have failed anti-TNF therapy, and to determine whether further research into the use of this intervention for the treatment of anti-TNF refractory JIA-associated uveitis should be conducted.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The first dose of IMP was administered by the research / clinical team looking after the patient. All participants or a family member were invited to self administer the study treatment after the first dose and taught as such to do this under procedures in place within each participating centre for teaching this. The first dose they administered was also be under supervision of the clinical team, who ensured they are confident and able to carry out all parts of the procedure appropriately and accurately. This would allow patients to then have their remaining trial treatment in the familiar surroundings of their home to reduce distress. If they did not want to do this, then arrangements were put in place on an individual basis for ensuring trial medication is administered as prescribed. Study visits and study assessments were set around routine clinical care to minimise the inconvenience for patients and families, travel expenses were provided for visits outside of routine care that were specific for APITUDE.
    Background therapy
    All subjects to receive a stable dose of methotrexate.
    Evidence for comparator
    Tocilizumab (trade name RoActemra) is also a biological therapy blocking the action of interleukin (IL)-6. In arthritis, IL-6 causes tiredness, anaemia, and inflammation and damage to bones, cartilage and tissue. Tocilizumab reduces these effects. Previous studies looking at the effect of Tocilizumab in children have been conducted looking at Rheumatology examinations only. However trial of Tocilizumab in children with the systemic form of JIA have responded dramatically to this treatment in a short time span and became the first drug licenced for use in JIA in fifty years, obtaining NICE approval for this indication. It is also being trialled at present in polyarticular forms of JIA with good effect. However these clinical trials for Tocilizumab state that a diagnosis of Uveitis is part of the exclusion criteria.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    04 Nov 2015
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 21
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    21
    EEA total number of subjects
    21
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    8
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    13
    Adults (18-64 years)
    0
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The trial took place in 7 United Kingdom centres.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    There was a total of 58 screenings assessed for eligibility. 22 were eligible and consented, one patient was immediately found to be ineligible and was therefore withdrawn from the study.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Tocilizumab
    Arm description
    2-3 weekly injections of Tocilizumab with Methotrexate.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Tocilizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Patients received Tocilizumab dosed according to body weight (BW): Patients weighing ≥ 30 kg dosed with 162 mg of Tocilizumab every two weeks Patients weighing < 30 kg dosed with 162 mg of Tocilizumab every three weeks Tocilizumab was supplied in a single use pre-filled syringe fitted into a needle safety device. After removing the pre-filled syringe from the refrigerator the pre-filled syringe was allowed to reach room temperature (18°C to 28C°) by waiting for 25 to 30 minutes, before injecting Tocilizumab. The syringe should not be shaken. After removing the cap the injection must be started within five minutes, to prevent the medicine from drying out and blocking the needle. If the pre-filled syringe was not used within five minutes of removing the cap, it must be disposed of in a puncture resistant container and then a new pre-filled syringe should be used.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Tocilizumab
    Started
    21
    Completed
    21

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall
    Reporting group description
    2-3 weekly injections of Tocilizumab in combination with Methotrexate. The dosage was calculated based on patient body weight. Response to treatment was assessed after 12 weeks.

    Reporting group values
    Overall Total
    Number of subjects
    21 21
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    8 8
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    13 13
        Adults (18-64 years)
    0 0
        From 65-84 years
    0 0
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    12.3 ( 3.5 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    18 18
        Male
    3 3
    Weight (kg)
    Units: Subjects
        <30kg
    6 6
        >=30kg
    15 15
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Type of JIA (ILAR classification)
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Subjects
        Extended oligoarthritis
    6 6
        Persistent oligoarthritis
    7 7
        Polyarthritis RF negative
    7 7
        Psoriatic arthritis
    1 1
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Subjects
        Negative
    5 5
        Positive
    15 15
        Not done
    1 1
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DsDNA)
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Subjects
        Negative
    18 18
        Positive
    3 3
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Extractable nuclear antigen
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Subjects
        Positive
    1 1
        Negative
    16 16
        Not done
    4 4
    Number of study eyes
    Units: Subjects
        Unilateral
    13 13
        Bilateral
    8 8
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Disease duration
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    9 ( 4.4 ) -
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Physician global assessment of disease activity
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Assessment score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2 ( 2 ) -
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Active joint count (all joints)
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Joint count
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    0.9 ( 1.7 ) -
    Rheumatoid baseline data - Swollen joint count
    At individual level (all centres)
    Units: Joint count
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.1 ( 1.9 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Tocilizumab
    Reporting group description
    2-3 weekly injections of Tocilizumab with Methotrexate.

    Primary: Treatment response

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    End point title
    Treatment response [1]
    End point description
    Response to treatment is defined as per SUN criteria as a 2 step decrease in the level of inflammation (anterior chamber cells) or decrease to zero between baseline (prior to trial treatment initiation) and after 12 weeks of treatment.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Patients were assessed for treatment response after 12 weeks of treatment.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Statistical analyses have been added as a supplementary document.
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21 [2]
    Units: Subjects
        Treatment Response
    7
        Treatment Failure
    14
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Treatment response.pdf)
    Notes
    [2] - One patient was excluded straight after registration
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Total oral corticosteorid dose - treatment period

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    End point title
    Total oral corticosteorid dose - treatment period
    End point description
    The total dose is calculated by summing the daily doses and standardised to per patient years.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    4 [3]
    Units: mg standardised to per patient year
        arithmetic mean (confidence interval 95%)
    295.29 (263.46 to 330.97)
    Notes
    [3] - There were only 4 patients on oral steroids at the beginning of the study
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to < 2 drops - treatment period

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    End point title
    Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to < 2 drops - treatment period
    End point description
    Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose will be analysed for a subset of patients. Time to reduction to < 2 drops for those patients already on > = 2 drops at registration.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    18
    Units: events
        Reduced drops
    3
        censored
    15
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to 0 drops - treatment period

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    End point title
    Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to 0 drops - treatment period
    End point description
    Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose will be analysed from a subset of patients. Time to reduction to 0 drops for those patients already on > = 0 drops at registration.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    20
    Units: Events
        Reduced drops
    3
        Censored
    17
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Total oral corticosteroid dose -treatment period and follow up

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    End point title
    Total oral corticosteroid dose -treatment period and follow up
    End point description
    The total dose is calculated by summing the daily doses and standardised to per patient years.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration until the end of trial.
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    6 [4]
    Units: mg standardised per year
        arithmetic mean (confidence interval 95%)
    411.93 (374.01 to 453.69)
    Notes
    [4] - There were 21 patients registered and 6 received oral corticosteroids
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to < 2 drops - treatment period and follow up

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    End point title
    Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to < 2 drops - treatment period and follow up
    End point description
    Reduction in in topical cortical corticosteroids from entry dose to < 2 drops will be analysed for a subset of patients. Time to reduction to < 2 drops for those patients already on > = 2 drop.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration until the end of trial.
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    18
    Units: Events
        reduced drops
    5
        censored
    13
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to 0 drops - treatment period and follow up

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    End point title
    Reduction in topical corticosteroids from entry dose: Time to reduction to 0 drops - treatment period and follow up
    End point description
    Reduction in corticosteroids from entry dose to 0 drops will be analysed for a subset of patients. Time to reduction to 0 drops for those patients already on > = 0 drops.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration until the end of trial.
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    20
    Units: events
        Reduced drops
    4
        Censored
    16
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Visual acuity measured by age-appropriate LogMAR assessment

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Visual acuity measured by age-appropriate LogMAR assessment
    End point description
    Statistical analyses have been added as a supplementary document
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21 [5]
    Units: score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Best score: Baseline
    0.07 ( 0.19 )
        Best score: 4 weeks
    0.04 ( 0.14 )
        Best score: 8 weeks
    0.03 ( 0.12 )
        Best score: 12 weeks
    -0.01 ( 0.17 )
        Best score: 16 weeks
    0.04 ( 0.08 )
        Best score: 20 weeks
    0.08 ( 0.06 )
        Best score: 24 weeks
    0.06 ( 0.11 )
        Worst score: Baseline
    0.17 ( 0.32 )
        Worst score: 4 weeks
    0.08 ( 0.17 )
        Worst score: 8 weeks
    0.14 ( 0.34 )
        Worst score: 12 weeks
    0.10 ( 0.31 )
        Worst score: 16 weeks
    0.06 ( 0.09 )
        Worst score: 20 weeks
    0.12 ( 0.09 )
        Worst score: 24 weeks
    0.11 ( 0.15 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: joint modelling logmar.pdf)
    Notes
    [5] - 21 at baseline, 20 at 4 weeks, 19 at 8 weeks, 15 at 12 weeks, 6 at 16 weeks, 6 at 20 weeks, 4 at 24.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with resolution of associated optic nerve

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with resolution of associated optic nerve
    End point description
    Assessed by slit lamp biomicroscopy or optical coherence tomography (OCT) where available. No participants who had optic nerve were eligible in both eyes and therefore the analysis for resolution in both eyes was not possible.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
    2
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with resolution of associated macular oedema

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with resolution of associated macular oedema
    End point description
    No participants who had macular oedema were eligible in both eyes and therefore the analysis for resolution in both eyes was not possible.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
    3
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with disease control at 12 weeks

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with disease control at 12 weeks
    End point description
    Disease control is defined as zero cells, with treatment for 12 weeks. Two analyses were performed for this outcome: disease control in at least 1 eye, and disease control in both eyes.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Assessed from registration until: - time of no response - completion of 6 months of treatment
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
        1 eye
    0
        Both eyes
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with disease control at 24 weeks

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Number of participants with disease control at 24 weeks
    End point description
    Disease control is defined as zero cells, with treatment for 24 weeks Two analyses were performed for this outcome: disease control in at least 1 eye, and disease control in both eyes.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Assessed from registration until: - time of no response - completion of 6 months of treatment
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
        1 eye
    0
        Both eyes
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Number of participants entering disease remission at 12 weeks

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Number of participants entering disease remission at 12 weeks
    End point description
    Disease remission is defined as zero cells without treatment for 12 weeks. Two analyses were performed for this outcome: disease remission in at least 1 eye, and disease remission in both eyes.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Assessed from registration until: - time of no response - completion of 6 months of treatment
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
        1 eye
    0
        Both eyes
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and ocular: Number of participants entering disease remission at 24 weeks

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    End point title
    Optic and ocular: Number of participants entering disease remission at 24 weeks
    End point description
    Disease remission is defined as zero cells without treatment for 24 weeks. two analyses were performed for this outcome: disease remission in at least 1 eye. and disease remission in both eyes.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
        1 eye
    0
        Both eyes
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and Ocular: Duration of sustaining inactive disease

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    End point title
    Optic and Ocular: Duration of sustaining inactive disease
    End point description
    Duration of sustaining inactive disease (zero cells, with or without topical treatment)
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Assessed from registration until: - time of no response - completion of 6 months of treatment
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: days
        arithmetic mean (confidence interval 95%)
    2.66 (0 to 5.94)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Optic and ocular: Failure to reduce eye drops to 2 drops/day by or at 12 weeks

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    End point title
    Optic and ocular: Failure to reduce eye drops to 2 drops/day by or at 12 weeks
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to the 12 weeks visit
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
    9
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Quality of life assessments: Childhood Health Questionnaire (CHQ)

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    End point title
    Quality of life assessments: Childhood Health Questionnaire (CHQ)
    End point description
    The CHQ consists of two scores: Physical score (PhS) Psychosocial score (PsS) Statistical analyses have been added as a supplementary document
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    20 [6]
    Units: assessment score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        PhS: Baseline
    39.55 ( 17.72 )
        PhS: 4 weeks
    45.64 ( 12.03 )
        PhS: 8 weeks
    44.47 ( 13.38 )
        PhS: 12 weeks
    40.96 ( 17.55 )
        PhS: 16 weeks
    41.61 ( 14.43 )
        PhS: 20 weeks
    42.12 ( 13.87 )
        PhS: 24 weeks
    45.21 ( 12.12 )
        PsS: Baseline
    51.50 ( 13.54 )
        PsS: 4 weeks
    54.03 ( 10.67 )
        PsS: 8 weeks
    54.95 ( 7.24 )
        PsS: 12 weeks
    53.13 ( 10.46 )
        PsS: 16 weeks
    53.35 ( 11.76 )
        PsS: 20 weeks
    55.66 ( 5.23 )
        PsS: 24 weeks
    50.77 ( 10.69 )
    Attachments
    chq
    Notes
    [6] - 20 at baseline & 4 weeks, 18 at 8, 4 at 12, 6 at 16, 6 at 20, 4 at 24.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Quality of life assessments: Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ)

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    End point title
    Quality of life assessments: Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ)
    End point description
    Statistical analyses have been added as a supplementary document
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21 [7]
    Units: assessment score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Baseline
    0.37 ( 0.58 )
        4 weeks
    0.30 ( 0.54 )
        8 weeks
    0.48 ( 0.71 )
        12 weeks
    0.51 ( 0.80 )
        16 weeks
    0.23 ( 0.37 )
        20 weeks
    0.25 ( 0.40 )
        24 weeks
    0.31 ( 0.41 )
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire.pdf)
    Notes
    [7] - 21 at baseline & 4 weeks, 19 at 8, 15 at 12, 6 at 16, 6 at 20, 4 at 24
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: American College of Rheaumatology (ACR) score

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    End point title
    American College of Rheaumatology (ACR) score
    End point description
    The 6 paediatric core set criteria assessed at each study visit are: Physician global assessment of disease activity (10 cm visual analogue scale). Parent/patient assessment of overall well-being (10 cm visual analogue scale). Functional ability (Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire, CHAQ). Number of joints with active arthritis. Number of joints with limited range of movement. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The ACR Paediatric 30, 50, 70, 90 and 100 levels are defined as 30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100% improvement, respectively, in a minimum of three variables in the core set with worsening of one variable by no more than 30% as defined in the ACR criteria. The frequencies below show the number of participants who achieved each ACR level. Statistical analyses have been added as a supplementary document.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21 [8]
    Units: ACR frequency
    number (not applicable)
        4 weeks: ACR30
    6
        4 weeks: ACR50
    5
        4 weeks: ACR70
    2
        4 weeks: ACR90
    1
        4 weeks: ACR100
    0
        8 weeks: ACR30
    7
        8 weeks: ACR50
    6
        8 weeks: ACR70
    3
        8 weeks: ACR90
    0
        8 weeks: ACR100
    0
        12 weeks: ACR30
    5
        12 weeks: ACR50
    4
        12 weeks: ACR70
    4
        12 weeks: ACR90
    1
        12 weeks: ACR100
    1
        16 weeks: ACR30
    3
        16 weeks: ACR50
    3
        16 weeks: ACR70
    2
        16 weeks: ACR90
    1
        16 weeks: ACR100
    0
        20 weeks: ACR30
    3
        20 weeks: ACR50
    3
        20 weeks: ACR70
    2
        20 weeks: ACR 90
    2
        20 weeks: ACR100
    2
        24 weeks: ACR30
    2
        24 weeks: ACR50
    2
        24 weeks: ACR70
    1
        24 weeks: ACR90
    1
        24 weeks: ACR100
    0
    Attachments
    Untitled (Filename: ACR.pdf)
    Notes
    [8] - See supplementary table for the number of patients who had missing data
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants requiring change in biologic /disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS) therapy due to disease flare of their arthritis or failure to response to treatment of arthritis

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    End point title
    Number of participants requiring change in biologic /disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS) therapy due to disease flare of their arthritis or failure to response to treatment of arthritis
    End point description
    DMARDs are disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
    5
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants undergoing flare of arthritis

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    End point title
    Number of participants undergoing flare of arthritis
    End point description
    The definition of 'disease flare' is a worsening of 30% or more of the 6 variables of the JIA core set, with no more than one variable improving by 30% or more.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Assessed from registration until: - time of no response - completion of 6 months of treatment
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
        Disease flare
    0
        No disease flare
    21
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants in remission on and off medication of their JIA

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    End point title
    Number of participants in remission on and off medication of their JIA
    End point description
    Clinical remission of JIA whilst on medication is defined as per Wallace (2004): • The criteria for inactive disease must be met for a minimum of 6 continuous months while the patient is on (anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory* and anti-uveitis) medication in order for the patient to be considered to be in a state of clinical remission on medication. Clinical remission of JIA whilst off medication is defined as per Wallace (2004): • The criteria for inactive disease (see definition in section 17.4.9.2 above) must be met for a minimum of 12 continuous months while off all anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory* and anti-uveitis medications in order for the patient to be considered to be in a state of clinical remission off medication. Patients will not be able to assessed for inactive disease for a minimum of 12 months with the treatment phase being 6 months and the follow-up phase being 1 month so clinical remission of JIA whilst off medication is unable to be analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Throughout the duration of the study
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: subjects
        Achieved Clinical remission on medication
    0
        Not achieved clinical remission on medication
    21
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS)

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    End point title
    Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS)
    End point description
    The Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS) is comprised of four components: • physician global assessment of disease activity, • parent/patient global assessment of well-being, • active joint count, in 27, 71 or 10 joints, • erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The JADAS is calculated as a sum of scores from its four components detailed below, giving global scores of 0-57, 0-101 and 0-40 for the JADAS-27, JADAS-71 and JADAS-10 respectively. Statistical analyses have been added as a supplementary document
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: JADAS
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        JADAS10: Baseline
    5.78 ( 5.21 )
        JADAS10: Visit 1
    2.62 ( 3.64 )
        JADAS10: Visit 2
    3.04 ( 2.86 )
        JADAS10: Visit 3
    4.79 ( 3.98 )
        JADAS10: Visit 4
    2.88 ( 4.23 )
        JADAS10: Visit 5
    3.27 ( 3.46 )
        JADAS10: Visit 6
    3.11 ( 4.78 )
        JADAS27: Baseline
    5.58 ( 5.04 )
        JADAS27: Visit 1
    2.46 ( 3.3 )
        JADAS27: Visit 2
    3.04 ( 2.86 )
        JADAS27: Visit 3
    4.79 ( 3.98 )
        JADAS27: Visit 4
    2.88 ( 4.23 )
        JADAS27: Visit 5
    3.07 ( 3.49 )
        JADAS27: Visit 6
    3.11 ( 4.78 )
        JADAS71: Baseline
    5.78 ( 5.21 )
        JADAS71: Visit 1
    2.62 ( 3.64 )
        JADAS71: Visit 2
    3.04 ( 2.86 )
        JADAS71: Visit 3
    4.79 ( 3.98 )
        JADAS71: Visit 4
    2.88 ( 4.23 )
        JADAS71: Visit 5
    3.27 ( 3.46 )
        JADAS71: Visit 6
    3.11 ( 4.78 )
    Attachments
    Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Laboratory parameters

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    End point title
    Laboratory parameters
    End point description
    The parameters reported on for haematological assessments are: -Heamatocrit -Haemoglobin -Red blood cell count -White blood cell count -Neutrophils -Lymphocytes -Monocytes -Basophils -Eosinophils -Platelet count -Erythrocyte sedimentation rate -Plasma viscosity (only done if ESR not available The parameters reported on for biochemical assessments are: -C- Reactive protein (CRP) -Urea -Creatinine -Sodium -Potassium -Calcium -Inorganic phosphate -Glucose -Chloride -Bicarbonate -Total bilirubin -LDL -HDL -Triglycerides -Total cholesterol -Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) -Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) The parameters reported on for urinalysis are: -Protein -Glucose -Blood -Leukocyte esterase -Specific gravity -pH Supplementary tables summarising the data have been uploaded.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Throughout the duration of the study.
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: See supplementary tables
    21
    Attachments
    Laboratory Parameters
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Compliance according to participnat diaries

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    End point title
    Compliance according to participnat diaries
    End point description
    Treatment diaries were used to estimate participant compliance. No formal statistical analysis was undertaken.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    Units: percent
        Compliance
    92
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to 0mg - treatment period

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    End point title
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to 0mg - treatment period
    End point description
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to 0mg will be analysed for a subset of patients, as not everyone will be taking systemic corticosteroids at registration.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    4
    Units: Events
        Reduced dose
    0
        censored
    4
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to <5mg - treatment period

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    End point title
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to <5mg - treatment period
    End point description
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to <5mg will be analysed for a subset of patients, as not everyone will be taking systemic corticosteroids at registration.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    3
    Units: events
        Event
    0
        Censored
    3
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Rate of systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose - treatment period

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    End point title
    Rate of systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose - treatment period
    End point description
    The total dose is calculated by summing the daily doses and standardised to per patient years.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    4
    Units: mg (standardised to per patinet year)
        arithmetic mean (confidence interval 95%)
    295.29 (263.46 to 330.97)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to 0mg - treatment period and follow up

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    End point title
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to 0mg - treatment period and follow up
    End point description
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to 0mg will be analysed for a subset of patients, as not everyone will be taking systemic corticosteroids at registration.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From registration until the end of study.
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    4
    Units: events
        Event
    0
        Censored
    4
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to <5mg - treatment period and follow up

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    End point title
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to <5mg - treatment period and follow up
    End point description
    Reduction in systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose to <5mg will be analysed for a subset of patients, as not everyone will be taking systemic corticosteroids at registration.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    3
    Units: Events
        Event
    0
        Censored
    3
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Rate of systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose - treatment period

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    End point title
    Rate of systemic corticosteroid dose from entry dose - treatment period
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Participants were assessed from registration up until: - withdrawal -time of 'no response' - completion of treatment, whichever came first
    End point values
    Tocilizumab
    Number of subjects analysed
    6
    Units: mg (standardised to per patient year)
        arithmetic mean (confidence interval 95%)
    411.93 (374.01 to 453.69)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were collected up to 30 days following treatment cessation.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    18
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Tocilizumab
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Tocilizumab
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Tocilizumab
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 21 (42.86%)
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Tooth extraction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Complication associated with device
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Injection site bruising
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Injection site reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 21 (38.10%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Immune system disorders
    Hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Seasonal allergy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Dysmenorrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Hypomenorrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Menorrhagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 21 (23.81%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Nasal congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 21 (28.57%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Wheezing
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blood bilirubin increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blood calcium decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blood cholesterol increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blood triglycerides increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    High density lipoprotein decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Intraocular pressure increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Low density lipoprotein increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Neutrophil count
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Neutrophil count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Red blood cell sedimentation rate increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    White blood cell count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Head injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ligament sprain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Suture related complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Wound
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
    Syringomyelia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 21 (23.81%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Increased tendency to bruise
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Lymphadenopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Ear pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Eye disorders
    Eyelid oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ocular hyperaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Uveitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Vision blurred
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Visual acuity reduced
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Gastrooesophageal reflux disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Mouth ulceration
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Oral pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Toothache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Acne
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Eczema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Skin burning sensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 21 (19.05%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Joint range of motion decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Joint swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Scoliosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Temporomandibular joint syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Tenosynovitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Cystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ear infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Molluscum contagiosum
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Oral herpes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Otitis externa
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Paronychia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Skin infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Tonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Tooth abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Viral upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Vulvovaginal candidiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Wound infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    28 Aug 2015
    The first amendment to the protocol updated the number of centres to 6 and corrected the schematic of study design to show that patients who respond to treatment at 3 months complete the treatment period and do not cease trial treatment at 12 week. ILAR diagnostic criteria from inclusion criteria 1 was merged with exclusion criteria 1. Clarification of definition of active anterior uveitis added to inclusion criteria 2 and inclusion criteria's 4 and 5 merged into one criteria. Previous registration added as an exclusion, exclusion criteria updated to state that patients on oral anti-glaucoma therapy are excluded, clarification added to exclusion criteria stating that patients need to be on stable eye drops for 1 week prior to screening, untreated latent TB criteria from exclusion 14 added to exclusion 15, exclusion criteria 29 removed as it is covered in exclusion criteria 28 (immunization with live/attenuated vaccine) and exclusion criteria added excluded patient who have had joint injections with 4 weeks prior to registration. Method of registering patients amended to instruct sites to register patients via an online registration system. References to SmPC replace with IB. Text added stating that patients who have an increase in weight over 30kg or decrease in weight to less than 30kg should switch dosing regimen, text added giving guidance for interrupting trial treatment and text added giving guidance on discontinuing trial treatment. Text added to confirm that patients should receive trial injections up to and including week 24, medications permitted updated to confirm that patients need to be on stable dose of eye drops 1 week prior to screening, and medications not permitted updated to include Systemic treatment with acetazolamide is not allowed.
    28 Aug 2015
    (Continued) Table of assessment updated to clarify which assessments are done at screening and which are done at registration. Information added confirming that interim analysis is carried out after 10 patients have been recruited. Adverse event of special interest list updated in line with AESI guidance from Roche and appendix added giving guidance for liver function tests.
    05 Nov 2015
    The second amendment updated trial management and monitoring details, added a secondary outcome to develop a fully consented trial related Bio bank for subsequent investigation and an amendment to minimum time needed between visits to assessing response to trial treatment.
    11 Jan 2016
    The third amendment to the protocol updated the OCT section to that macular foveal thicknes results will be collected.
    14 Jul 2016
    The fourth amendment to the protocol added JADAS as a secondary endpoint. Text added instructing sites to contact trial co-ordinator for any queries relating to reduction of MTX. Text added to state that ANA, dsDNA and ENA test should be conducted if patients stop treatment or withdraw before week 24. Text added to state that ANA, dsDNA and ENA test should be conducted if patients stop treatment or withdraw before 24. Text amended to reflect that local investigators assess relationship and seriousness of adverse events only. Contact details for reporting serious adverse events updated.
    31 May 2017
    The fifth amendment to the protocol updated trial telephone and fax details. White blood cell (WBC) count criteria amended to 4,000/mm3 (<4.0 x 109/L), platelet count added in 10^9/L to correspond with CRFs and neutrophil count amended to <2,000/mm3 (<2.0 x 109/L). Text were added to state that full eligibility must be confirmed by a doctor on the delegation log and to state that a patient may only be registered once full eligibility has been confirmed. Total Bilirubinin μmol added to correspond with CRF, as well as, neutrophil count in x10^9/L, and platelet count in x10^9/L. Guidance adding for discontinuing treatment for the trial and non-trial eye, medication allowed in the non-trial eye, and medication not allowed in the non-trial eye. Fax number for reporting SAEs updated and clarification to time point for reporting SAEs.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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