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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase 2b Parallel-Group, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study of SYN-004 Compared to Placebo for the Prevention of Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea in Patients with a Diagnosis of a Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2015-002346-32
    Trial protocol
    BG   PL   RO  
    Global end of trial date
    10 Nov 2016

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    09 Jun 2018
    First version publication date
    09 Jun 2018
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    SB-2-004-005
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT02563106
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    IND number: 73440
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Synthetic Biologics, Inc.
    Sponsor organisation address
    9605 Medical Center Dr. Suite 270, Rockville, United States, 20850
    Public contact
    Joe Sliman, Synthetic Biologics, Inc., 001 301-417-4364, jsliman@syntheticbiologics.com
    Scientific contact
    Joe Sliman, Synthetic Biologics, Inc., 001 301-417-4364, jsliman@syntheticbiologics.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    17 Aug 2017
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    10 Nov 2016
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    10 Nov 2016
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess the effectiveness of treatment with SYN-004 for the prevention of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) associated diarrhea (CDAD) in patients hospitalized for a lower respiratory tract infection receiving intravenous (IV) ceftriaxone alone or in combination with a macrolide. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of SYN-004 in patients with a lower respiratory tract infection receiving IV ceftriaxone alone or in combination with a macrolide.
    Protection of trial subjects
    No
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    19 Aug 2015
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 42
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Romania: 102
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 101
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 20
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Serbia: 139
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 7
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    413
    EEA total number of subjects
    265
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    145
    From 65 to 84 years
    249
    85 years and over
    19

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Date First Subject Enrolled 16 NOV 2015 Date Last Subject Completed 10 NOV 2016

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    A total of 433 subjects were screened for this study, 413 were found to be eligible and were enrolled, and 412 of the enrolled subjects received study drug. Most subjects were enrolled in Europe: 139 subjects in Serbia, 102 in Romania, 101 in Bulgaria, 42 in Poland, and 20 in Hungary. The US enrolled 7 and Canada enrolled 2.

    Pre-assignment period milestones
    Number of subjects started
    433 [1]
    Number of subjects completed
    412

    Pre-assignment subject non-completion reasons
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Inclusion criteria not met: 10
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Exclusion criteria met: 6
    Reason: Number of subjects
    vendor issue: 1
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Inc and Exc criteria not met/met: 1
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Drug didnt arrive in time for dosing: 1
    Reason: Number of subjects
    IV ceftriaxone started greater than 24H: 1
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Subject randomized, but not dosed: 1
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to have started the pre-assignment period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: There was 1 subject that was randomized but did not dose,there fore they did pass the screening/rand period but did not receive study drug.
    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatment Period 1, 2 and Follow-Up (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor
    Blinding implementation details
    At the start of Treatment Period 1 and during Treatment Period 2, eligible subjects were randomly assigned via an interactive voice/web response system to either SYN-004 or placebo. SYN-004 and placebo were prepared in identical capsules to ensure blinding. All Investigators, site staff, sponsor & vendor employees involved in the study were blinded to treatment until after database lock. The Follow-up Period lasted for 6 weeks and was used to collect safety data.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Matching Placebo
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Matching placebo given 4 times a day

    Arm title
    SYN-004
    Arm description
    150 mg SYN-004
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    SYN-004
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    ribaxamase
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    150 mg in a delayed release capsule 4 times a day

    Number of subjects in period 1 [2]
    Placebo SYN-004
    Started
    206
    206
    Completed
    178
    172
    Not completed
    28
    34
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    5
    11
         Physician decision
    1
    3
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    7
    7
         Non-permitted concurrent therapy
    2
    1
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    10
    6
         Other
    1
    2
         Lost to follow-up
    2
    3
         Protocol deviation
    -
    1
    Notes
    [2] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: There was 1 subject that was randomized but did not dose,there fore they did pass the screening/rand period but did not receive study drug.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Treatment Period 1, 2 and Follow-Up
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Treatment Period 1, 2 and Follow-Up Total
    Number of subjects
    412 412
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    145 145
        From 65-84 years
    248 248
        85 years and over
    19 19
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    69.2 ± 9.37 -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    153 153
        Male
    259 259
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    SYN-004
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The Modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) analysis set included randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug.

    Subject analysis set title
    Placebo
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The Modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) analysis set included randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug.

    Subject analysis sets values
    SYN-004 Placebo
    Number of subjects
    206
    206
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    74
    71
        From 65-84 years
    124
    124
        85 years and over
    8
    11
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    68.8 ± 9.4
    69.7 ± 9.4
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    73
    80
        Male
    133
    126

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Matching Placebo

    Reporting group title
    SYN-004
    Reporting group description
    150 mg SYN-004

    Subject analysis set title
    SYN-004
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The Modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) analysis set included randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug.

    Subject analysis set title
    Placebo
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The Modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) analysis set included randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug.

    Primary: Percentage of Patients With Clostridium difficile infection at 4-weeks of follow-up

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    End point title
    Percentage of Patients With Clostridium difficile infection at 4-weeks of follow-up
    End point description
    Percentage of subjects with CDI, based on the protocol definition of CDI (defined as 3 or more unformed stools per 24 hour period and a stool sample being positive for C. difficile toxin A and/or B [or their respective genes, tcdA and/or tcdB], based on the clinical site local laboratory results) from Day 1 to the 4-week Follow-up Visit in the SYN-004 treatment group compared to the placebo group, imputing early termination without CDI as not being treatment failures
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to the 4 week Follow-up Visit.
    End point values
    Placebo SYN-004
    Number of subjects analysed
    206
    206
    Units: count of participants
    7
    2
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison of CDI rates between treatment groups
    Statistical analysis description
    The Modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) analysis set included randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug. Number of subjects with CDI, imputing early termination without CDI as not being treatment failures.
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v SYN-004
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    412
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority [1]
    P-value
    < 0.1 [2]
    Method
    one-sided z-test
    Parameter type
    Relative Risk Reduction (%)
    Point estimate
    71
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -35.9
         upper limit
    94
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Notes
    [1] - The analysis of the primary endpoint was based on the mITT analysis set. The P-value was based on a pre-specified one-sided z-test for the comparison of the treatment difference between the SYN-004 group and the Placebo group.
    [2] - Study was designed to provide 80% power to detect treatment effect with one-sided alpha = 0.05 on the primary endpoint. Based on the pre-specified z-test the one-sided P=0.045.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    6 weeks
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Note: The frequency threshold of 1% for non-serious adverse events is reported as the Number of subjects with Adverse Events (AEs) (excluding Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)) in each group, based on number of subjects with AEs >1% in the SYN-004 group and the corresponding AE categories for the Placebo group.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    18.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Matching Placebo

    Reporting group title
    SYN-004
    Reporting group description
    150 mg SYN-004

    Serious adverse events
    Placebo SYN-004
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    21 / 206 (10.19%)
    33 / 206 (16.02%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    5
    11
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    5
    11
    Investigations
    International normalised ratio abnormal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia recurrent
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Lung neoplasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    Lung neoplasm malignant
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Ovarian cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute coronary syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Angina unstable
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardio-respiratory arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Cardiomyopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiopulmonary failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Myocardial ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anemia of Chronic Disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Iron Deficiency Anemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bronchospasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
    4 / 206 (1.94%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 206 (1.94%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Mental status changes
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tubulointerstitial nephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Bronchopneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Empyema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lobar pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 206 (2.43%)
    4 / 206 (1.94%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    Pseudomembranous colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Diabetes mellitus inadequate control
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 206 (0.00%)
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Placebo SYN-004
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 206 (22.33%)
    42 / 206 (20.39%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 206 (4.85%)
    7 / 206 (3.40%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    7
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 206 (2.91%)
    5 / 206 (2.43%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    5
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 206 (4.37%)
    4 / 206 (1.94%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    4
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 206 (2.91%)
    7 / 206 (3.40%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    10
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 206 (5.34%)
    9 / 206 (4.37%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    9
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
    5 / 206 (2.43%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    5
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholelithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 206 (0.97%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 206 (1.94%)
    4 / 206 (1.94%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    4
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 206 (0.49%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    Infections and infestations
    Oral candidiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
    3 / 206 (1.46%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    3

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    28 Jun 2016
    The timing of the interim analysis was changed to occur when 80% of planned subjects have either completed the 4-week Follow-up Visit or early terminated the study before the 4-week Follow-up Visit. Previously the protocol indicated the interim analysis would occur when either 30% of the planned subjects completed the 4-week Follow-up Visit or early terminated the study and 10 cases of CDAD were identified or 50% of the subjects completed the 4-week Follow-up Visit or early terminated the study. Three additional secondary efficacy endpoints were added to the protocol to assist in the final analysis.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    A safety assessment conducted by an independent third party to evaluate SAEs and fatal events confirmed that they were related to the subjects' underlying health, medical history, and comorbidities and not to study drug administration.
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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