Clinical Trial Results:
A 52-week, multicenter study to assess the time course of response to secukinumab on joint inflammation using Power Doppler ultrasonography in patients with active psoriatic arthritis.
Summary
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EudraCT number |
2015-002394-38 |
Trial protocol |
GB IE ES HU BE NO FR AT NL CZ DE IT |
Global end of trial date |
10 Nov 2020
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Results information
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Results version number |
v1(current) |
This version publication date |
25 Nov 2021
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First version publication date |
25 Nov 2021
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Other versions |
Trial Information
Subject Disposition
Baseline Characteristics
End Points
Adverse Events
More Information
Subject Disposition
Baseline Characteristics
End Points
Adverse Events
More Information
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Trial identification
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Sponsor protocol code |
CAIN457F2354
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Additional study identifiers
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ISRCTN number |
- | ||
US NCT number |
NCT02662985 | ||
WHO universal trial number (UTN) |
- | ||
Sponsors
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Sponsor organisation name |
Novartis Pharma AG
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Sponsor organisation address |
CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland,
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Public contact |
Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111, novartis.email@novartis.com
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Scientific contact |
Study Director, Novartis Pharma AG, 1 8627788300, novartis.email@novartis.com
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Paediatric regulatory details
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Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP) |
No
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Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial? |
No
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Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial? |
No
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Results analysis stage
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Analysis stage |
Final
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Date of interim/final analysis |
10 Nov 2020
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Is this the analysis of the primary completion data? |
No
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Global end of trial reached? |
Yes
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Global end of trial date |
10 Nov 2020
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Was the trial ended prematurely? |
No
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General information about the trial
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Main objective of the trial |
To demonstrate that there is a difference between secukinumab and placebo in terms of joint synovitis response over 12 weeks as measured by the PDUS Global EULAR-OMERACT-Synovitis Score (GLOESS) of the affected joints (out of 48 joints) in PsA patients with an inadequate response to non-biologic DMARDs.
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Protection of trial subjects |
This study was in compliance with the ethical principles derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. All the local regulatory requirements pertinent to safety of trial subjects were also followed during the conduct of the trial.
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Background therapy |
- | ||
Evidence for comparator |
- | ||
Actual start date of recruitment |
22 Aug 2016
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Long term follow-up planned |
No
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Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement? |
Yes
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Population of trial subjects
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Number of subjects enrolled per country |
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Argentina: 18
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Austria: 4
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Belgium: 10
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Canada: 2
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Colombia: 1
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Czechia: 19
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
France: 14
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Germany: 9
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Hungary: 8
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Ireland: 1
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Italy: 5
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Mexico: 49
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Netherlands: 2
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Norway: 2
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
Spain: 15
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
United Kingdom: 2
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Country: Number of subjects enrolled |
United States: 5
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Worldwide total number of subjects |
166
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EEA total number of subjects |
89
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Number of subjects enrolled per age group |
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In utero |
0
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Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk |
0
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Newborns (0-27 days) |
0
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Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) |
0
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Children (2-11 years) |
0
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Adolescents (12-17 years) |
0
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Adults (18-64 years) |
155
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From 65 to 84 years |
11
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85 years and over |
0
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Recruitment
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Recruitment details |
166 participants enrolled in 17 countries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-assignment
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Screening details |
83 partcipants were randomized to each group | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period 1
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Period 1 title |
Treatment Period 1
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Is this the baseline period? |
Yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Randomised - controlled
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Blinding used |
Double blind | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roles blinded |
Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arms
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Are arms mutually exclusive |
Yes
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Arm title
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Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin PSO disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment at the same previous dose up to Week 52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
secukinumab
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Investigational medicinal product code |
AIN457
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
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Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
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Dosage and administration details |
150 mg and 300 mg s.c.
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Arm title
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Group 2 - Placebo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin PSO disease 150 mg for mild PSO and 300 mg for moderate to severe PSO every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on their severity of skin disease at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Continue wih the same dose of secukinumab 150 mg or 300 mg open-label | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Placebo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Placebo
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Investigational medicinal product code |
Placebo
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
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Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
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Dosage and administration details |
150 mg and 300 mg s.c.
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Period 2
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Period 2 title |
Treatment period 2
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Is this the baseline period? |
No | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Randomised - controlled
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Blinding used |
Double blind | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roles blinded |
Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arms
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Are arms mutually exclusive |
Yes
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Arm title
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Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to severity of skin disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same active dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment up to Week 52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
secukinumab
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Investigational medicinal product code |
AIN457
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
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Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
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Dosage and administration details |
150 mg and 300 mg s.c.
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Arm title
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Group 2 - Placebo/secukinumab | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on severity of skin psoriasis at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Continued with the same dose of secukinumab 150 mg or 300 mg open label. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Placebo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Placebo
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Investigational medicinal product code |
Placebo
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
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Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
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Dosage and administration details |
150 mg and 300 mg s.c.
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Period 3
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Period 3 title |
Treatment period 3 (extension period)
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Is this the baseline period? |
No | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation method |
Randomised - controlled
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Blinding used |
Double blind | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roles blinded |
Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arms
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Are arms mutually exclusive |
Yes
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Arm title
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Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same active dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment at the same dose up to Week 52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Experimental | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
secukinumab
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Investigational medicinal product code |
AIN457
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
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Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
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Dosage and administration details |
150 mg and 300 mg s.c.
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Arm title
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Group 2 - Placebo/secukinumab | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to severity of skin PSO 150 mg for mild PSO and 300 mg for moderate to severe skin PSO every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on severity of skin psoriasis at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Open-label secukinumab at the same dose continued to be assigned to patients | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arm type |
Placebo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investigational medicinal product name |
Placebo
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Investigational medicinal product code |
Placebo
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Other name |
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Pharmaceutical forms |
Injection
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Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous use
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Dosage and administration details |
150 mg and 300 mg s.c.
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Baseline characteristics reporting groups
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Reporting group title |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg)
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin PSO disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment at the same previous dose up to Week 52 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group title |
Group 2 - Placebo
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin PSO disease 150 mg for mild PSO and 300 mg for moderate to severe PSO every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on their severity of skin disease at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Continue wih the same dose of secukinumab 150 mg or 300 mg open-label | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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End points reporting groups
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Reporting group title |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg)
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin PSO disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment at the same previous dose up to Week 52 | ||
Reporting group title |
Group 2 - Placebo
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin PSO disease 150 mg for mild PSO and 300 mg for moderate to severe PSO every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on their severity of skin disease at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Continue wih the same dose of secukinumab 150 mg or 300 mg open-label | ||
Reporting group title |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg)
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to severity of skin disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same active dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment up to Week 52 | ||
Reporting group title |
Group 2 - Placebo/secukinumab
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on severity of skin psoriasis at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Continued with the same dose of secukinumab 150 mg or 300 mg open label. | ||
Reporting group title |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg)
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients in this group were administered secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to the severity of skin disease with 12 weeks of treatment from baseline. In Treatment Period-2: Patients continued to receive the same active dose of secukinumab every 4 weeks until Week 24 (although primary outcome was to week 12 only) In Treatment Period 3 (extension period): the extension period allowed responder patients the possibility to continue open-label secukinumab treatment at the same dose up to Week 52 | ||
Reporting group title |
Group 2 - Placebo/secukinumab
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Reporting group description |
In Treatment Period-1: Patients received placebo at baseline and same time points as secukinumab until Week 8. In Treatment Period-2: Patients commenced open-label secukinumab 150 or 300 mg according to severity of skin PSO 150 mg for mild PSO and 300 mg for moderate to severe skin PSO every 4 weeks from Week 12, as follows, based on severity of skin psoriasis at Week 12 In Treatment Period-3: Open-label secukinumab at the same dose continued to be assigned to patients |
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End point title |
Difference between secukinumab and placebo in terms of joint synovitis as measured by the Power Doppler Ultrasonography (PDUS) Global OMERACT-EULAR Synovitis Score (GLOESS) | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) analysis of change in Global OMERACT-EULAR Synovitis Score (GLOESS) score at Week 12 (observed data) to compare treatments.
GLOESS score can vary from 0 to 144 with highest rating reflecting higher severity.
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End point type |
Primary
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End point timeframe |
12 weeks
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Statistical analysis title |
PDUS GLOESS score | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
GLOESS scores
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Comparison groups |
Group 2 - Placebo v Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg)
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Number of subjects included in analysis |
164
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Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
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Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.004 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Adjusted Mean Difference | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-3.18
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Confidence interval |
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level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
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lower limit |
-5.52 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
-0.85 | ||||||||||||
Variability estimate |
Standard error of the mean
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Dispersion value |
1.18
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End point title |
Proportion of Participants with American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-20 response - Key Secondary | |||||||||
End point description |
Key Secondary Outcome: ACR 20 responder has ≥ 20% improvement in TJC and SJC and >20% improvement in 3 of the following 5 domains: patient’s assessment of disease activity, physician’s assessment of disease activity, patient’s assessment of PsA pain, HAQ-DI, or hsCRP.
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End point type |
Secondary
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End point timeframe |
Week 12
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Statistical analysis title |
ACR-20 | |||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
Proportion of patients with ACR 20 response at Week 12 (FAS)
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Comparison groups |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg) v Group 2 - Placebo
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Number of subjects included in analysis |
166
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Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
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Analysis type |
superiority | |||||||||
P-value |
< 0.0001 | |||||||||
Method |
Regression, Logistic | |||||||||
Parameter type |
Odds ratio (OR) | |||||||||
Point estimate |
4.6
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Confidence interval |
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level |
95% | |||||||||
sides |
2-sided
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lower limit |
2.38 | |||||||||
upper limit |
8.89 |
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End point title |
Proportion of Participants with American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-50 response - Key Secondary | |||||||||
End point description |
ACR 50 responder has ≥ 50% improvement in TJC and SJC and >25% improvement in 3 of the following 5 domains: patient’s assessment of disease activity, physician’s assessment of disease activity, patient’s assessment of PsA pain, HAQ-DI, or hsCRP.
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End point type |
Secondary
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End point timeframe |
Week 12
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Statistical analysis title |
ACR-50 | |||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
Proportion of patients with ACR 50 response at Week 12 (FAS)
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Comparison groups |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg) v Group 2 - Placebo
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Number of subjects included in analysis |
166
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Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
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Analysis type |
superiority | |||||||||
P-value |
< 0.0001 | |||||||||
Method |
Regression, Logistic | |||||||||
Parameter type |
Odds ratio (OR) | |||||||||
Point estimate |
9.65
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Confidence interval |
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level |
95% | |||||||||
sides |
2-sided
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lower limit |
3.92 | |||||||||
upper limit |
23.75 |
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End point title |
Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) - Key Secondary | ||||||||||||
End point description |
Repeated measures mixed effect (MMRM) analysis of SPARCC total score change from baseline to Week 12 between the 2 treatment groups.
SPARCC index ranges from 0 to 16.
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End point type |
Secondary
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End point timeframe |
Baseline to Week 12
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Statistical analysis title |
SPARCC | ||||||||||||
Statistical analysis description |
SPARCC total score change
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Comparison groups |
Group 1 - Secukinumab (150 mg + 300 mg) v Group 2 - Placebo
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Number of subjects included in analysis |
164
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Analysis specification |
Pre-specified
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Analysis type |
superiority | ||||||||||||
P-value |
= 0.0327 | ||||||||||||
Method |
Mixed models analysis | ||||||||||||
Parameter type |
Adjusted Mean Difference | ||||||||||||
Point estimate |
-0.67
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Confidence interval |
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level |
95% | ||||||||||||
sides |
2-sided
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lower limit |
-1.374 | ||||||||||||
upper limit |
0.043 |
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Adverse events information
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Timeframe for reporting adverse events |
AEs and SAEs were collected for the maximum duration of treatment and follow up for a participant per protocol for 12 weeks. All cause mortality (deaths) was collected from FPFV to LPLV up to a maximum of 52 weeks
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Adverse event reporting additional description |
Adverse Events (AEs) are any untoward sign or symptom that occurs during the study treatment period with a frequency greater than or equal to 2%
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Assessment type |
Systematic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
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Dictionary name |
MedDRA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dictionary version |
23.1
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Reporting groups
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Reporting group title |
Secukinumab (150+300 mg)
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Reporting group description |
Secukinumab (150+300 mg) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting group title |
Placebo
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Reporting group description |
Placebo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Substantial protocol amendments (globally) |
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Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes | |||
Date |
Amendment |
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09 Jun 2016 |
For those countries where it was required, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology testing during the Screening Period were added to the assessment schedule. These tests were already outlined in Exclusion Criterion No. 21 and results of these tests determined eligibility for the study. Thus the addition to the
assessment schedule in this amendment was made in order to clarify and remove inconsistencies in the protocol.
Collection of SPARCC at the Screening Visit was added to the assessment schedule as it was previously omitted in error. This test was already outlined in Inclusion Criterion No.5
and results of this test determined eligibility for the study. Thus the addition to the assessment schedule in this amendment was made in order to clarify and remove
inconsistencies in the protocol. |
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02 Mar 2017 |
1. To increase the study feasibility and to ease the study visit burden on patients without compromising the primary and secondary objectives of the study until Week 12.
Inclusion criterion no. 4, an ultrasound entry criterion that was considered too restrictive as it resulted in the most screen failures, was amended to allow inclusion of patients with a total synovitis score ≥ 2 and inflammation related to PD signal ≥ 2 for at least 1 affected joint as observed via PDUS of 48 joints, OR with an inflammation related to PD signal ≥ 1 for at least 2 affected joints as observed via PDUS of 48 joints.
The study visits and associated study assessments at Week 28, 32, 40, 44 and 48 were removed from the open-label Extension Period and home administration of study drug
was introduced at these time points. The clinical efficacy assessments (including PDUS assessments) were removed from the double-blind Week 3 visit; and the PDUS assessment was removed from the Week 56 follow-up visit. The Extension Period was optional according to Investigator’s judgment and patient consent and exploratory study objectives only applied to this period. The removal of study visits during the
Extension Period did not compromise patient safety given the benefit/ risk of secukinumab had already been assessed and secukinumab was registered in all
participating countries.
2. Different aspects of the protocol were clarified following the review of different Ethics
Committees (ECs):
Clarification was made in the patient population that patients must have had an inadequate response to non-biologic DMARDs to be consistent with study rationale and
primary objective of the study.
The use of rescue medication was amended so it was less restrictive throughout the study and to make it more ethical for the patients randomized to placebo during the first 12 weeks given the risk of potential flare and existence of alternative therapies. |
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27 Nov 2018 |
The sample size calculation in the trial was updated keeping in mind the difficulties of recruitment. The initial sample size calculation for this trial was extrapolated from anbultrasound study assessed to evaluate the early response of abatacept on synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (D’Agostino et al 2016a) given the lack of a previous ultrasound PsA trial with biologics. A blinded sample size re-estimation was supplemented with data from the first 72 patients who reached their Week 12 visit to provide the most accurate estimation. The sample size was adjusted to a new target of 164 patients in total (82 patients per arm). This was the mid-way point of the range plus a 5% adjustment based on the dropout rate of patients prior to Week 12 observed at the time of this calculation. The reduction of sample size from 218 to 164 patients helped achieve completion of the last patient first visit by the end of August 2019.
2. Different aspects of the protocol were clarified following comments from the Health Authorities (HA), Ethics Committees and investigators.
a. The dose of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as rescue therapy prior to assessments in the trial until Week 24 was clarified. The requirement for patients to return to their previous NSAIDs’ dose following a transient increase in dose as rescue therapy 48 hours prior to study assessments was considered unethical by investigators and not accepted by patients who were in pain, and was therefore removed from the protocol. |
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Interruptions (globally) |
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Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No | |||
Limitations and caveats |
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Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data. | |||
None reported |