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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Third-line Previously Treated Subjects with Advanced/Metastatic Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus or Advanced/Metastatic Siewert Type I Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction (KEYNOTE -180)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2015-002427-26
    Trial protocol
    DE   GB   DK   FR  
    Global end of trial date
    29 Oct 2021

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    23 Sep 2022
    First version publication date
    23 Sep 2022
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    3475-180
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT02559687
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
    Sponsor organisation address
    126 East Lincoln Avenue, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, United States, 07065
    Public contact
    Clinical Trials Disclosure, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, ClinicalTrialsDisclosure@merck.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trials Disclosure, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, ClinicalTrialsDisclosure@merck.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    29 Oct 2021
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    30 Jul 2018
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    29 Oct 2021
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    In this study participants with advanced/metastatic adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (EAC), squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC), or advanced/metastatic Siewert type I adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ), who had been previously treated with two standard therapies, were treated with pembrolizumab.
    Protection of trial subjects
    This study was conducted in conformance with Good Clinical Practice standards and applicable country and/or local statutes and regulations regarding ethical committee review, informed consent, and the protection of human subjects participating in biomedical research.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    02 Dec 2015
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 15
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Israel: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Japan: 30
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 9
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Norway: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 43
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    121
    EEA total number of subjects
    24
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    57
    From 65 to 84 years
    63
    85 years and over
    1

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Of 185 participants screened for inclusion, 121 were enrolled and received treatment. Per protocol, response/progression or adverse events (AEs) that occurred during the second course were not counted towards efficacy outcome measures or safety outcome measures, respectively.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Arm description
    Participants received pembrolizumab 200 mg, intravenously (IV), every 3 weeks (Q3W) for up to 35 treatments (approximately 2 years). Eligible participants who stopped the initial course of pembrolizumab with Stable Disease (SD) or better but progressed after discontinuation may have been able to initiate a second course of pembrolizumab for up to an additional 17 trial treatments (up to approximately 1 additional year) at the investigator's discretion.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Pembrolizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for injection
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    pembrolizumab 200 mg, intravenously (IV), every 3 weeks (Q3W) for up to 35 treatments

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Started
    121
    Received First Course of Pembrolizumab
    121
    Received Second Course of Pembrolizumab
    1
    Completed
    0
    Not completed
    121
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    112
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    4
         Sponsor Decision
    5

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants received pembrolizumab 200 mg, intravenously (IV), every 3 weeks (Q3W) for up to 35 treatments (approximately 2 years). Eligible participants who stopped the initial course of pembrolizumab with Stable Disease (SD) or better but progressed after discontinuation may have been able to initiate a second course of pembrolizumab for up to an additional 17 trial treatments (up to approximately 1 additional year) at the investigator's discretion.

    Reporting group values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg Total
    Number of subjects
    121 121
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age Continuous
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    63.5 ± 10.6 -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Participants
        Female
    21 21
        Male
    100 100
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    0 0
        Asian
    42 42
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0
        Black or African American
    2 2
        White
    71 71
        More than one race
    0 0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    6 6
    Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    2 2
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    108 108
        Unknown or Not Reported
    11 11

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants received pembrolizumab 200 mg, intravenously (IV), every 3 weeks (Q3W) for up to 35 treatments (approximately 2 years). Eligible participants who stopped the initial course of pembrolizumab with Stable Disease (SD) or better but progressed after discontinuation may have been able to initiate a second course of pembrolizumab for up to an additional 17 trial treatments (up to approximately 1 additional year) at the investigator's discretion.

    Primary: Objective Response Rate (ORR) According to Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) Assessed by Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR)

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    End point title
    Objective Response Rate (ORR) According to Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) Assessed by Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR) [1]
    End point description
    ORR was defined as the percentage of participants who have a Complete Response (CR: Disappearance of all target lesions) or a Partial Response (PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions) per RECIST 1.1 modified to follow a maximum of 10 target lesions and a maximum of 5 target lesions per organ. The percentage of participants who experienced a CR or PR based on modified RECIST 1.1 was reported per protocol for the first course of treatment. All allocated participants who received at least 1 dose of study treatment were analysed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 28 months
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical analyses were planned for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    121
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    9.9 (5.2 to 16.7)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants who Experienced an Adverse Event (AE)

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    End point title
    Number of Participants who Experienced an Adverse Event (AE)
    End point description
    An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE could therefore be any unfavourable and unintended sign, symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol-specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol-specified procedure. Any worsening of a pre-existing condition that was temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor’s product, was also an adverse event. The number of participants who experienced ≥1 AE was reported per protocol for the first course of treatment. All allocated participants who received at least 1 dose of study treatment were analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 59 months
    End point values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    121
    Units: Participants
    116
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants that Discontinued Study Treatment due to an AE

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    End point title
    Number of Participants that Discontinued Study Treatment due to an AE
    End point description
    An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE could therefore be any unfavourable and unintended sign, symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol-specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol-specified procedure. Any worsening of a pre-existing condition that was temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor’s product, was also an adverse event. The number of participants that discontinued study treatment due to an AE was reported per protocol for the first course of treatment. All allocated participants who received at least 1 dose of study treatment were analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 24 months
    End point values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    121
    Units: Participants
    14
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Duration of Response (DOR) According to RECIST 1.1 Assessed by BICR

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    End point title
    Duration of Response (DOR) According to RECIST 1.1 Assessed by BICR
    End point description
    For participants who demonstrated a confirmed CR (disappearance of all target lesions) or PR (≥30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions) per RECIST 1.1, DOR was defined as the time from first documented evidence of a CR or PR until progressive disease (PD) or death. Per RECIST 1.1, PD was defined as ≥20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions. In addition to the relative increase of 20%, the sum must also have demonstrated an absolute increase of ≥5 mm. The appearance of ≥1 new lesions was also considered PD. DOR assessments were based on BICR with confirmation. DOR per RECIST 1.1 for all participants who experienced a confirmed CR or PR was reported per protocol for the first course of treatment. All allocated participants who received at least 1 dose of study treatment and who experienced a confirmed CR or confirmed PR were analysed; 1 participant was excluded from DOR analysis based on a BICR re-read of prior scans after the primary analysis database lock
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 67 months
    End point values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    11
    Units: Months
        median (full range (min-max))
    19.7 (2.1 to 60.3)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Progression Free Survival (PFS) According to RECIST 1.1 Assessed by BICR

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    End point title
    Progression Free Survival (PFS) According to RECIST 1.1 Assessed by BICR
    End point description
    PFS was defined as the time from first day of study treatment to the first documented PD or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. Per RECIST 1.1, PD was defined as ≥20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions. In addition to the relative increase of 20%, the sum must also have demonstrated an absolute increase of ≥5 mm. Note: The appearance of ≥1 new lesions was also considered PD. PFS as assessed by blinded independent central review per RECIST 1.1 was reported per protocol for the first course of treatment. All allocated participants who received at least 1 dose of study treatment were analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 67 months
    End point values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    121
    Units: Months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    2.0 (1.9 to 2.1)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Overall Survival (OS)

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    End point title
    Overall Survival (OS)
    End point description
    OS was defined as the time from first day of study treatment to death due to any cause. Participants without documented death at the time of the final analysis were censored at the date of the last follow-up. OS was reported per protocol for the first course of treatment. All allocated participants who received at least 1 dose of study treatment were analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 67 months
    End point values
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    121
    Units: Months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    5.8 (4.5 to 7.2)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Up to approximately 67 months
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Deaths (all-causes) includes all allocated participants. Serious and Other AEs include all allocated participants who received ≥1 dose of study drug. Per protocol, MedDRA preferred terms "Neoplasm progression", "Malignant neoplasm progression" and "Disease progression" unrelated to drug were excluded as AEs.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    24.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg First Course
    Reporting group description
    Participants received pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W for up to 35 treatments (approximately 2 years).

    Reporting group title
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg Second Course
    Reporting group description
    Eligible participants who stopped the initial course of pembrolizumab (200 mg IV Q3W for up to 35 treatments [approximately 2 years]) with SD or better but progressed after discontinuation initiated a second course of pembrolizumab at the investigator's discretion for up to an additional 17 trial treatments (up to approximately 1 additional year).

    Serious adverse events
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg First Course Pembrolizumab 200 mg Second Course
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    47 / 121 (38.84%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    116
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    1
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Tumour necrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Deep vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Malaise
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Choking
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemoptysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 121 (2.48%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    Pneumothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Anxiety
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Delirium
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 121 (1.65%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Infusion related reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Limb injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pelvic fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
    Tracheo-oesophageal fistula
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 121 (1.65%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial flutter
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematochezia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intestinal pseudo-obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Melaena
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oesophageal stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 121 (1.65%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Odynophagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Small intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Biliary obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 121 (3.31%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Hypopituitarism
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 121 (1.65%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 121 (13.22%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 17
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia aspiration
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 121 (4.13%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diabetic ketoacidosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 121 (1.65%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Failure to thrive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypercalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Malnutrition
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Pembrolizumab 200 mg First Course Pembrolizumab 200 mg Second Course
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    107 / 121 (88.43%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 121 (2.48%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Jugular vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 121 (0.00%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 121 (7.44%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    0
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 121 (28.10%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    37
    0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 121 (8.26%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    0
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 121 (0.00%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 121 (6.61%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 121 (19.83%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    26
    1
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 121 (13.22%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 121 (0.00%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Nasal congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 121 (0.00%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 121 (8.26%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    0
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 121 (9.92%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    0
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 121 (10.74%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    0
    Blood alkaline phosphatase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 121 (8.26%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    0
    Weight decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 121 (5.79%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    0
    Blood bilirubin increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 121 (7.44%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Neuropathy peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 121 (5.79%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 121 (14.88%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Deafness neurosensory
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 121 (0.00%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Ear pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 121 (0.83%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 121 (7.44%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    0
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 121 (19.01%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 121 (14.88%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    0
    Dry mouth
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 121 (5.79%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    0
    Dysphagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 121 (6.61%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 121 (18.18%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    26
    0
    Oral pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 121 (2.48%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 121 (15.70%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 121 (10.74%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    1
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 121 (8.26%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    0
    Endocrine disorders
    Hypothyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 121 (9.09%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 121 (6.61%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    1
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 121 (9.09%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    0
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 121 (6.61%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    1
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 121 (4.13%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    1
    Rotator cuff syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 121 (0.00%)
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 121 (7.44%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 121 (19.01%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    23
    0
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 121 (5.79%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    0
    Hyponatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 121 (5.79%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    06 Dec 2016
    The major change of Amendment (AM) 2 was to indicate pre-specified Gene Expression Profile (GEP) cutoffs, instead of deriving the cut-offs from the MK-3475-180 data.
    29 Dec 2017
    Major changes of Amendment AM 4 included adding guidelines for the management of myocarditis based upon health authority feedback and removing the Pharmacokinetic and Anti-Drug Antibody collections at the 30-day Safety Follow up visit.
    22 Oct 2021
    Major changes of Amendment AM 6 included updating the criteria for early trial termination and clarifying the concomitant use of COVID-19 vaccines.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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