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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Combined Suppression Of Cholesterol Bioavailability And Androgen Deprivation Therapy To Treat Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2015-003720-32
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    31 Jul 2019

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    16 Aug 2020
    First version publication date
    16 Aug 2020
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    SPECTRE2015
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    ISRCTN16951765
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    Sponsor reference: GN14ON621, Protocol Name: SPECTRE2015
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde and University of Glasgow
    Sponsor organisation address
    NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Research & Innovation Ward 11 Dykebar Hospital Grahamston Road, Paisley , United Kingdom, PA2 7DE
    Public contact
    Joanne McGarry, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, 44 01413144001, joanne.mcgarry@ggc.scot.nhs.uk
    Scientific contact
    Joanne McGarry, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, 44 01413144001, joanne.mcgarry@ggc.scot.nhs.uk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    31 Jul 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    31 Jul 2019
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To explore the impact of atorvastatin on androgen receptor signalling in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The SPTECTRE trial was performed according to the Research Governance Framework for Health and Community Care (Second edition; 2006) and the Medicines for Human Use (Clinical Trials) Regulations, 2004 SI 2004:1031 (as amended) and World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects 1964 (as amended). All patients were consented only after being provided with full explanation of the trial and time for consideration, and were free to withdraw at any time, without giving any reason, without medical care being affected.
    Background therapy
    Not applicable
    Evidence for comparator
    not applicable - single arm trial design
    Actual start date of recruitment
    20 Dec 2016
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 14
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    14
    EEA total number of subjects
    14
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    1
    From 65 to 84 years
    12
    85 years and over
    1

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The study opened to recruitment in January 2017, with the first patient recruited in March 2017. This study was opened to recruitment at a single UK centre only.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The screening period for the trial was up to 28 days prior to registration. Prior to screening investigations commencing patient must have provided informed consent to participate in the study.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    Not applicable.

    Arms
    Arm title
    Atorvastatin
    Arm description
    Atorvastatin 40mg orally once daily continuously for 6 weeks.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Atorvastatin
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Atorvastatin 40mg orally once daily continuously for 6 weeks.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Atorvastatin
    Started
    14
    Completed
    12
    Not completed
    2
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
         Unevaluable (insufficient treatment taken)
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Overall trial (overall period) Total
    Number of subjects
    14 14
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    1 1
        From 65-84 years
    12 12
        85 years and over
    1 1
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    73 (70 to 77) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    0 0
        Male
    14 14
    Baseline PSA
    Units: ng/ml
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    4.4 (3.7 to 10.6) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Atorvastatin
    Reporting group description
    Atorvastatin 40mg orally once daily continuously for 6 weeks.

    Subject analysis set title
    ITT Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    All patients registered on to the study

    Subject analysis set title
    Evaluable Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    All eligible patients who do not meet any of the following criteria for non-evaluability: • They do not complete 80% of 6 weeks of atorvastatin medication and neither have a drop of >=50% in PSA levels from baseline nor PSA progression • Only 3 PSA measurements are available post start of atorvastatin medication and none of these correspond to a >=50% drop from baseline or PSA progression

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    All patients who took at least one dose of study medication

    Subject analysis set title
    Eligible Study Population
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    All registered patients excluding those with gross eligibility deviations

    Primary: PSA Response Rate

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    End point title
    PSA Response Rate
    End point description
    PSA response is the achievement of ≥50% drop from baseline in PSA levels at any time over the 6-week period of statins medication
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Over 6 weeks of study treatment
    End point values
    Atorvastatin Evaluable Population
    Number of subjects analysed
    14
    12
    Units: Patients
        Responders
    1
    1
        Non-responders
    11
    11
        Unevaluable
    2
    0
    Statistical analysis title
    PSA Response Rate
    Statistical analysis description
    Single arm proportion and 80% Clopper-Pearson confidence interval. The intended methods of exact inference described in Koyama and Chen[Koyama T, Chen H. Proper inference from Simon’s two-stage designs. Stat Med. 2008;27(16):3145–54. doi: 10.1002/sim.3123. View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar] were not required since the study did not proceed to stage 2. A standard Clopper-Pearson confidence interval was presented instead.
    Comparison groups
    Atorvastatin v Evaluable Population
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    26
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [1]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Proportion
    Point estimate
    8.3
    Confidence interval
         level
    80%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    2.5
         upper limit
    24.2
    Notes
    [1] - NOTE: 12 patients are included in this analysis, not 26 as the system shows This is a single arm study using a Simon two-stage optimal design (90% power, 10% 1-sided significance level) to distinguish an “ineffective” PSA response rate of <=10% from an “effective” PSA response rate of >=30%. This required 12 patients at stage 1. If <=1 of these 12 patients responded, recruitment would end with the conclusion that the use of statins is ineffective in this setting. Only 1 response was observed

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    All AEs (including SAEs) must be followed until resolution or for at least 28 days after discontinuation of trial medication until toxicity has resolved to baseline or ≤ grade 1, or until the toxicity is considered to be irreversible.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    NCI-CTCAE
    Dictionary version
    4.03
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Safety population
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Safety population
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiac disorders - Other, specify
    Additional description: TRIFASCICULAR BLOCK AND INTERMITTENT 2:1 AV BLOCK
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Safety population
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 12 (91.67%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hot flush
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Lethargy
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 12 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vertigo
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Vestibular disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 12 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 12 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 12 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders - Other specify
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Urticaria
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 12 (16.67%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder - Other specify
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Lip infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Lung infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    23 May 2017
    Substantial Changes to Protocol: 1. Within the inclusion criteria, the washout period for prior statin use at trial entry was amended from 2 months to 28 days. The purpose of this update was to provide more flexibility for low risk patients already receiving statin treatment who wish to enter the study. This was discussed by the study Investigators/Co-Investigators and is deemed to be clinically appropriate.   2. Within the inclusion criteria, the fasting glucose level requirement of ≤ 5.6mmol/L was removed. This was discussed by the study Investigators/Co-Investigators and was deemed to be clinically appropriate. The requirement for fasting glucose was removed as it was agreed it would unnecessarily exclude patients. The NICE guidelines for the use of stains in individuals with diabetes were consulted as part of these discussions, and it was agreed that the benefit of statins use outweighed the small risk of developing Diabetes Mellitus 2 over a 10yr period. In the SPECTRE cohort of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer patients with life expectancy of <2years the risk of causing Diabetes Mellitus 2 with 6 weeks of statin is negligible. The protocol was also updated to include guidance that the study patient’s GPs should be contacted in the event of fasting glucose > 7mmol/L, to ensure it is monitored/treated as per normal practice. 3. The timing of the first tumour biopsy was updated from being prior to atorvastatin start to being +/- 7 days of atorvastatin start. The purpose of this change wass to provide more flexibility for scheduling the biopsies around the patient's clinic attendance without compromising the validity of the samples/data. Non-substantial Changes: 1. The contact details of several study team members were updated.
    13 Mar 2018
    Protcol Updates: 1. Update to the inclusion requirements for proven prostate cancer, to bring SPECTRE in line with many other clinical studies in progressing prostate cancer with the use of histologic, cytologic or biochemical parameters as confirmation of the presence of prostate cancer. 2. Protocol inclusion criteria updated to include patients who have been treated with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. 3. Protocol inclusion criteria updated to allow ongoing castration with abiraterone or enzalutamide. 4. Corection made to typographical error at inclusion level of haemoglobin and platelets 5. Clarification added that the tumour biopsies are an optional component of the study. 6. Exclusion criteria updated to allow prior chemotherapy and prior second-line androgen deprivation therapy 7. Guidance added to the Safety Reporting section regarding the reporting of pregnancies. 8. The Patient Information sheet/consent form was updated with guidance on possible side effects for patients continuing on abiraterone during SPECTRE study treatment.
    31 Jul 2019
    Protcol Updates: This amendment was submitted 06-Feb-2020 1. Update to study team contact details 2. The study objective 'Change in adrenal steroid DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) levels' was amended from being a secondary objective to an exploratory objective 3. Typographical corrections made to the Safety Reporting section

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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