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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Efficacy and safety of fast-acting Insulin Aspart compared to NovoRapid® both in combination with Insulin Degludec with or without metformin in adults with type 2 diabetes (onset® 9)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2016-000878-38
    Trial protocol
    BG   CZ   ES   GR   DE   HR   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    29 Jan 2019

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    13 Feb 2020
    First version publication date
    13 Feb 2020
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    NN1218-4113
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03268005
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    U1111-1180-0636
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Novo Nordisk A/S
    Sponsor organisation address
    Novo Allé, Bagsvaerd, Denmark, 2880
    Public contact
    Clinical Reporting Anchor and Disclosure (1452), Novo Nordisk A/S, clinicaltrials@novonordisk.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Reporting Anchor and Disclosure (1452), Novo Nordisk A/S, clinicaltrials@novonordisk.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    20 Jun 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    07 Jan 2019
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    29 Jan 2019
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To confirm the effect in terms of glycaemic control of treatment with fast-acting insulin aspart compared to NovoRapid® both in combination with insulin degludec with or without metformin in adults with type 2 diabetes treated with a basal-bolus regimen, using a non-inferiority approach.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The trial was conducted in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and ICH Good Clinical Practice (1996), including archiving of essential documents and FDA 21 CFR 312.120.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    Not applicable
    Actual start date of recruitment
    19 Sep 2017
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 40
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 41
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 49
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czech Republic: 25
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 32
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 70
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Greece: 57
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Croatia: 25
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 38
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 58
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 60
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Romania: 44
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 64
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Serbia: 75
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Slovakia: 42
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Ukraine: 51
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 320
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    1091
    EEA total number of subjects
    434
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    625
    From 65 to 84 years
    461
    85 years and over
    5

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The trial was conducted at 165 sites in 17 countries as follows: Argentina-3, Bulgaria-4, Canada-10, Croatia-4, Czech Republic-4, Germany-6, Greece-8, Italy-4, Poland-6, Republic of Korea-10, Romania-6, Russia-8, Serbia-9, Slovakia-5, Spain-8, Ukraine-6 and United States (US)-62. Two sites in the US screened but didn’t randomise any subject.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    There was a 12-week run-in period primarily for optimisation of the basal insulin and reinforcement of subject training in trial procedures, diabetes education and dietary training. During the run-in period, the investigator focused on optimising the basal insulin treatment using a treat-to-target approach.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Faster aspart
    Arm description
    Subjects received faster aspart along with insulin degludec (basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Faster aspart
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Fiasp®
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Insulin degludec dose was adjusted weekly by the investigator in the run-in period based on the mean of three pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on the last two days prior to and on the day of contact. If one of the SMPG values were below target (< 4.0 mmol/L or 71 mg/dL) then the insulin degludec dose was adjusted according to the titration guideline specified in the protocol. Faster aspart was titrated from randomisation (week 0) and onwards, twice weekly to reach the glycaemic target of pre-prandial and bedtime PG between 4.0-6.0 mmol/L (71 - 108 mg/dL) in a treat-to-target fashion. Insulin degludec was administered once daily, at any time of the day but preferably the same time every day, into the thigh or upper arm. Faster aspart was injected 0-2 minutes prior to meals, into the abdominal wall.

    Arm title
    NovoRapid
    Arm description
    Subjects received insulin aspart (NovoRapid®/NovoLog®: basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Insulin aspart
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    NovoLog®
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Insulin degludec dose was adjusted weekly by the investigator in the run-in period based on the mean of three pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on the last two days prior to and on the day of contact. If one of the SMPG values were below target (< 4.0 mmol/L or 71 mg/dL) then the insulin degludec dose was adjusted according to the titration guideline specified in the protocol. NovoRapid was titrated from randomisation (week 0) and onwards, twice weekly to reach the glycaemic target of pre-prandial and bedtime PG between 4.0-6.0 mmol/L (71 - 108 mg/dL) in a treat-to-target fashion. Insulin degludec was administered once daily, at any time of the day but preferably the same time every day, into the thigh or upper arm. NovoRapid was injected 0-2 minutes prior to meals, into the abdominal wall.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Faster aspart NovoRapid
    Started
    546
    545
    Completed
    531
    531
    Not completed
    15
    14
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    2
    1
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    11
    11
         Lost to follow-up
    2
    2

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Faster aspart
    Reporting group description
    Subjects received faster aspart along with insulin degludec (basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose.

    Reporting group title
    NovoRapid
    Reporting group description
    Subjects received insulin aspart (NovoRapid®/NovoLog®: basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose.

    Reporting group values
    Faster aspart NovoRapid Total
    Number of subjects
    546 545 1091
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    301 324 625
        From 65-84 years
    240 221 461
        85 years and over
    5 0 5
    Age Continuous
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    62.6 ( 8.6 ) 62.1 ( 8.8 ) -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Gender Categorical
    Units: Participants
        Male
    265 289 554
        Female
    281 256 537
    HbA1c
    Glycosylated haemoglobin
    Units: %-points
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    7.15 ( 0.77 ) 7.05 ( 0.70 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Faster aspart
    Reporting group description
    Subjects received faster aspart along with insulin degludec (basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose.

    Reporting group title
    NovoRapid
    Reporting group description
    Subjects received insulin aspart (NovoRapid®/NovoLog®: basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose.

    Primary: Change from baseline in HbA1c

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    End point title
    Change from baseline in HbA1c
    End point description
    Change from baseline (week 0) in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was evaluated at week 16. The endpoint was evaluated based on data from the in-trial observation period. In-trial observation period was from date of randomisation and until last trial-related participant-site contact.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    16 weeks after randomisation
    End point values
    Faster aspart NovoRapid
    Number of subjects analysed
    544
    539
    Units: Percentage of HbA1c
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -0.15 ( 0.62 )
    -0.09 ( 0.60 )
    Statistical analysis title
    Faster aspart vs NovoRapid
    Statistical analysis description
    Change from baseline in HbA1c was analysed using an analysis of variance model after multiple imputation assuming treatment according to randomisation. The model included treatment, region and metformin use at baseline (Yes/No) as factors, and baseline HbA1c as a covariate.
    Comparison groups
    Faster aspart v NovoRapid
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    1083
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    [1]
    P-value
    = 0.31
    Method
    ANOVA
    Parameter type
    Treatment difference
    Point estimate
    -0.04
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -0.11
         upper limit
    0.03
    Notes
    [1] - The upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the difference between faster aspart and NovoRapid was compared to a non-inferiority margin of 0.4%. If it was below or equal to 0.4% non-inferiority was considered established and effect demonstrated.

    Secondary: Change from baseline in 1-hour postprandial glucose increment (meal test)

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    End point title
    Change from baseline in 1-hour postprandial glucose increment (meal test)
    End point description
    Change from baseline (week 0) in 1-hour postprandial glucose (PPG) increment was evaluated after 16 weeks of randomisation. The results are based on the last in-trial value, which included the last available measurement in the in-trial period. In trial observation period was from date of randomisation and until last trial-related participant-site contact.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    16 weeks after randomisation
    End point values
    Faster aspart NovoRapid
    Number of subjects analysed
    519
    523
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -0.43 ( 2.45 )
    0.08 ( 2.65 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from baseline in 1,5-anhydroglucitol

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    End point title
    Change from baseline in 1,5-anhydroglucitol
    End point description
    Change from baseline (week 0) in 1,5-anhydroglucitol was evaluated after 16 weeks of randomisation. The results are based on the last in-trial value, which included the last available measurement in the in-trial period. In trial observation period was from date of randomisation and until last trial-related participant-site contact.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    16 weeks after randomisation
    End point values
    Faster aspart NovoRapid
    Number of subjects analysed
    534
    531
    Units: mmol/L
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.38 ( 3.10 )
    0.89 ( 3.31 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Week 0 to Week 16 + 7 days. All reported AEs are treatment emergent (i.e., TEAE).
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Results are based on the SAS. All presented AEs are TEAEs which were recorded during the exposure to trial products. AEs with onset during the on-treatment observation period were considered treatment-emergent. Number of deaths causally related to treatment’ is the data considered to present under ‘total number of deaths resulting from AEs.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    21
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Faster aspart
    Reporting group description
    Subjects received Faster aspart along with insulin degludec (basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose. Insulin degludec dose was adjusted weekly by the investigator in the run-in period based on the mean of three pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on the last two days prior to and on the day of contact. If one of the SMPG values were below target (< 4.0 mmol/L or 71 mg/dL) then the insulin degludec dose was adjusted according to the titration guideline specified in the protocol. Faster aspart was titrated from randomisation (week 0) and onwards, twice weekly to reach the glycaemic target of pre-prandial and bedtime PG between 4.0-6.0 mmol/L (71 - 108 mg/dL) in a treat-to-target fashion.

    Reporting group title
    NovoRapid
    Reporting group description
    Subjects received insulin aspart (NovoRapid®/NovoLog®: basal-bolus regimen) with or without metformin for 16 weeks. Before the treatment period was a 12-week run-in period in which the investigator optimised basal insulin dose. Insulin degludec dose was adjusted weekly by the investigator in the run-in period based on the mean of three pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on the last two days prior to and on the day of contact. If one of the SMPG values were below target (< 4.0 mmol/L or 71 mg/dL) then the insulin degludec dose was adjusted according to the titration guideline specified in the protocol. NovoRapid was titrated from randomisation (week 0) and onwards, twice weekly to reach the glycaemic target of pre-prandial and bedtime PG between 4.0-6.0 mmol/L (71 - 108 mg/dL) in a treat-to-target fashion.

    Serious adverse events
    Faster aspart NovoRapid
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    38 / 544 (6.99%)
    40 / 544 (7.35%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    2
    1
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    1
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Adenocarcinoma of colon
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatocellular carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Invasive ductal breast carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lung neoplasm malignant
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatic carcinoma metastatic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Aortic aneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Deep vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peripheral vascular disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Subclavian vein occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Varicose ulceration
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Aortic valve replacement
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Carpal tunnel decompression
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rehabilitation therapy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vitrectomy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Delusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rapid eye movements sleep abnormal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Product issues
    Device malfunction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Cardiac stress test abnormal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Accidental overdose
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Contusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fibula fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Humerus fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Road traffic accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Wrong product administered
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute coronary syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Angina unstable
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arteriosclerosis coronary artery
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bradycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Left ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mitral valve incompetence
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myocardial ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Cerebellar infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diabetic neuropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhagic stroke
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypoglycaemic unconsciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 544 (0.55%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular parkinsonism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Haemorrhagic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Iron deficiency anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Vitreous haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cyclic vomiting syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Duodenal ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastritis erosive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Obstructive pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Small intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Bile duct obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lumbar spinal stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Spinal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Trigger finger
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Device related sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gangrene
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive airways disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Orchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteomyelitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    2 / 544 (0.37%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 544 (0.00%)
    1 / 544 (0.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypoglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 544 (0.74%)
    3 / 544 (0.55%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 4
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Faster aspart NovoRapid
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    32 / 544 (5.88%)
    33 / 544 (6.07%)
    Infections and infestations
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    32 / 544 (5.88%)
    33 / 544 (6.07%)
         occurrences all number
    35
    36

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    20 Jun 2017
    Criteria for premature discontinuation of trial products was updated with 2 additional criteria:  Lack of efficacy  Unacceptable adverse event (including toxicity) The master agreement for amendment form was updated to version 2 to include the title of the original protocol and not only the title of the amendment. Both version 1 and 2 was used to document agreement of amendment 1.
    28 Feb 2018
    Replacement of eDiary requirements with paper diary requirements including change of trial BGM. Throughout the protocol “eDiary” was replaced with “diary”. Clarification to titration guideline section Information was provided to investigators in a memo dated 30-Nov-2017 to make it clear that insulin degludec titration was based on SMPGs two days prior to and on day of contact instead of three days prior to contact SI/IC updated with information regarding Personal Data Protection. Minor clarifying updates to protocol text.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    Not applicable
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