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    Summary
    EudraCT Number:2016-001637-27
    Sponsor's Protocol Code Number:LQD
    National Competent Authority:UK - MHRA
    Clinical Trial Type:EEA CTA
    Trial Status:GB - no longer in EU/EEA
    Date on which this record was first entered in the EudraCT database:2016-07-08
    Trial results
    Index
    A. PROTOCOL INFORMATION
    B. SPONSOR INFORMATION
    C. APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION
    D. IMP IDENTIFICATION
    D.8 INFORMATION ON PLACEBO
    E. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRIAL
    F. POPULATION OF TRIAL SUBJECTS
    G. INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS TO BE INVOLVED IN THE TRIAL
    N. REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY OR ETHICS COMMITTEE IN THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
    P. END OF TRIAL
    Expand All   Collapse All
    A. Protocol Information
    A.1Member State ConcernedUK - MHRA
    A.2EudraCT number2016-001637-27
    A.3Full title of the trial
    A randomised pragmatic trial comparing the clinical and cost effectiveness of lithium and quetiapine augmentation in treatment resistant depression.
    A.3.1Title of the trial for lay people, in easily understood, i.e. non-technical, language
    Lithium versus Quetiapine in Treatment Resistant Depression.
    A.3.2Name or abbreviated title of the trial where available
    LQD
    A.4.1Sponsor's protocol code numberLQD
    A.5.1ISRCTN (International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial) NumberISRCTN16387615
    A.7Trial is part of a Paediatric Investigation Plan No
    A.8EMA Decision number of Paediatric Investigation Plan
    B. Sponsor Information
    B.Sponsor: 1
    B.1.1Name of SponsorSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
    B.1.3.4CountryUnited Kingdom
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorNon-Commercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme
    B.4.2CountryUnited Kingdom
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointProfessor Anthony Cleare
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street AddressKing’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), 103 Denmark Hil
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityLondon
    B.5.3.3Post codeSE5 8AF
    B.5.3.4CountryUnited Kingdom
    B.5.4Telephone number4402078485130
    B.5.5Fax number4402078480783
    B.5.6E-mailanthony.cleare@kcl.ac.uk
    B.Sponsor: 2
    B.1.1Name of SponsorKing's College London
    B.1.3.4CountryUnited Kingdom
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorNon-Commercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme
    B.4.2CountryUnited Kingdom
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationKing's College London
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointProfessor Anthony Cleare
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street AddressKing’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), 103 Denmark Hil
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityLondon
    B.5.3.3Post codeSE5 8AF
    B.5.3.4CountryUnited Kingdom
    B.5.4Telephone number4402078485130
    B.5.5Fax number4402078480783
    B.5.6E-mailanthony.cleare@kcl.ac.uk
    D. IMP Identification
    D.IMP: 1
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleComparator
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationUnited Kingdom
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameLithium carbonate
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNLithium carbonate
    D.3.9.1CAS number 554-13-2
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameLithium
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB14375MIG
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number200 to 450
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 2
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationUnited Kingdom
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameQuetiapine
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNQuetiapine fumarate
    D.3.9.1CAS number 111974-72-2
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameQuetiapine hemifumarate
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB15074MIG
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number25 to 400
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 3
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleComparator
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationUnited Kingdom
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameLithium citrate
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Syrup
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNLithium citrate
    D.3.9.1CAS number 919-16-4
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameLithium
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB14377MIG
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mmol millimole(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number5.4 to 10.8
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.8 Information on Placebo
    E. General Information on the Trial
    E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.1Medical condition(s) being investigated
    Treatment resistant major depressive disorder (single episode or recurrent). Treatment resistant depression, defined as failure to respond to two or more adequate doses of antidepressant in the current episode
    E.1.1.1Medical condition in easily understood language
    Treatment resistant depression: where the person with depression has not responded adequately to two or more antidepressants given in the current episode of depression.
    E.1.1.2Therapeutic area Psychiatry and Psychology [F] - Mental Disorders [F03]
    MedDRA Classification
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10067373
    E.1.2Term Depression perimenopausal
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10066555
    E.1.2Term Chronic depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.1
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10057840
    E.1.2Term Major depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012391
    E.1.2Term Depression postpartum (excl psychosis)
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012390
    E.1.2Term Depression postoperative
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10022117 - Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012386
    E.1.2Term Depression mental
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10066530
    E.1.2Term Acute depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012389
    E.1.2Term Depression postmenopausal
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012387
    E.1.2Term Depression NOS
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012378
    E.1.2Term Depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10045543
    E.1.2Term Unipolar depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10037998
    E.1.2Term Reactive depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10042457
    E.1.2Term Suicidal depression
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10037175 - Psychiatric disorders
    E.1.3Condition being studied is a rare disease No
    E.2 Objective of the trial
    E.2.1Main objective of the trial
    The primary aim of this research study is to determine if it is more clinically effective to decide to prescribe lithium or quetiapine augmentation therapy for patients with treatment resistant depression followed up over one year. It is hypothesised that quetiapine will be superior in terms of time to all-cause treatment discontinuation and average symptom burden over 12 months.
    E.2.2Secondary objectives of the trial
    The main other outcomes include assessment of economic costs, quality of life, social functioning, and adherence between the two trial arms.
    E.2.3Trial contains a sub-study No
    E.3Principal inclusion criteria
    1. Under the care of a GP and/or adult mental health services
    2. Current episode of depression meeting DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) – single or recurrent episode
    3. 17-item HAM-D score ≥ 14 – this cut-off reflects a pragmatic minimum severity of depression as also chosen in comparable studies such as STAR*D (Rush et al 2006, Trivedi et al 2006)
    4. Any gender and aged 18 years or over
    5. Meet criteria for treatment resistant depression (Fekadu et al., 2009a; Cleare et al., 2015): current episode has not responded to at least two antidepressants given for at least 6 weeks at minimum therapeutic dose defined as fluoxetine ≥20mg/day, paroxetine ≥20mg/day, sertraline ≥50mg/day, citalopram ≥20mg/day, escitalopram ≥10mg/day, venlafaxine ≥75mg/day, duloxetine ≥60 mg/day, mirtazapine ≥15mg/day, tricyclic antidepressant ≥125mg/day, and dosage as guided by the national Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines or BNF for any other antidepressant. Please note, relapse whilst on an antidepressant also counts as a failed treatment trial.
    6. Current antidepressant treatment has remained unchanged and at, or above a therapeutic dose for ≥6 weeks
    7. Provision of written, informed consent
    E.4Principal exclusion criteria
    1. Diagnosis of bipolar disorder (defined as meeting DSM-5 criteria for bipolar 1 or bipolar 2) on the MINI 7.0 (as recommended treatments are different for bipolar depression)
    2. Diagnosis of current psychosis (as recommended treatments are different for current psychosis –
    antidepressants plus antipsychotics is the first-line treatment recommendation (NiCE, 2009; Cleare et al., 2015)
    3. Adequate use of lithium or quetiapine during the current episode. An adequate dose of lithium is defined as the patient taking lithium for at least 4 weeks at an adequate dose (leading to a documented plasma concentration of >0.4mmol/L) and for quetiapine, prescription in the range of 150-300mg/d for 4 weeks or longer. Or, if the patient has taken an inadequate dose of lithium or quetiapine in the current episode, the patient and clinician are not willing to re-prescribe/take the medication.
    4. Ongoing use of another atypical antipsychotic (discontinuation will be required before study entry i.e. any time prior to randomisation)
    5. Known contraindication to use of either lithium or quetiapine: known hypersensitivity of lithium or quetiapine or any of their excipients; severe renal insufficiency / impairment; untreated hypothyroidism; severe cardiac disease / insufficiency; low sodium levels e.g. dehydrated patients or those on low sodium diets; Addison’s disease; Brugada syndrome or family history of Brugada syndrome; the rare hereditary inborn errors of metabolism galactosaemia, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption; concomitant administration of cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors; or congenital QT prolongation. 6. We will not recruit any individual who is currently participating in a clinical trial of an investigational medical product (CTIMP).
    7. Insufficient degree of comprehension or attention to be able to engage in trial procedures.
    8. We will exclude women who are pregnant, actively trying for pregnancy, or currently breastfeeding. This will be based on verbal report of the subject. Otherwise the management will be as appropriate according to standard clinical practice within the context of a pragmatic, open trial, for example adequate contraceptive precautions decided on the clinical judgement of the prescriber.
    E.5 End points
    E.5.1Primary end point(s)
    There are two primary endpoints: 1) time to all-cause treatment discontinuation i.e. the time at which patients stop taking the medication (this will be determined via weekly monitoring using the True Colours system and at 8, 26, and 52 week study visits) and 2) longitudinal depressive symptom severity (determined using the self-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, QIDS-SR) rated weekly over 52 weeks.
    E.5.1.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    The primary endpoints will be determined over 12 months.
    E.5.2Secondary end point(s)
    assessments collecting study outcomes at baseline, 8, 26, and 52 weeks along with weekly monitoring via the True Colours system. Weekly monitoring includes (in addition to the primary outcome measure of depression symptom severity (QIDS-SR),; social functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale, WSAS); and medication status measured for longitudinal analysis between the two treatment arms over 52 weeks. Economic costs associated with the treatment arms over 12 months (Client Service Receipt Inventory, CSRI) will also be determined.
    E.5.2.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    The secondary endpoints will be determined over 12 months.
    E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial
    E.6Scope of the trial
    E.6.1Diagnosis No
    E.6.2Prophylaxis No
    E.6.3Therapy Yes
    E.6.4Safety No
    E.6.5Efficacy Yes
    E.6.6Pharmacokinetic No
    E.6.7Pharmacodynamic No
    E.6.8Bioequivalence No
    E.6.9Dose response No
    E.6.10Pharmacogenetic No
    E.6.11Pharmacogenomic No
    E.6.12Pharmacoeconomic Yes
    E.6.13Others No
    E.7Trial type and phase
    E.7.1Human pharmacology (Phase I) No
    E.7.1.1First administration to humans No
    E.7.1.2Bioequivalence study No
    E.7.1.3Other No
    E.7.1.3.1Other trial type description
    E.7.2Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) No
    E.7.3Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) No
    E.7.4Therapeutic use (Phase IV) Yes
    E.8 Design of the trial
    E.8.1Controlled Yes
    E.8.1.1Randomised Yes
    E.8.1.2Open Yes
    E.8.1.3Single blind No
    E.8.1.4Double blind No
    E.8.1.5Parallel group Yes
    E.8.1.6Cross over No
    E.8.1.7Other No
    E.8.2 Comparator of controlled trial
    E.8.2.1Other medicinal product(s) Yes
    E.8.2.2Placebo No
    E.8.2.3Other No
    E.8.2.4Number of treatment arms in the trial2
    E.8.3 The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned No
    E.8.4 The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned Yes
    E.8.4.1Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned5
    E.8.5The trial involves multiple Member States No
    E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA
    E.8.6.1Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA No
    E.8.6.2Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA No
    E.8.7Trial has a data monitoring committee Yes
    E.8.8 Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
    The end of the trial will be defined as the date when the trial database is locked which should occur shortly after the LVLS.
    E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned years3
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned months11
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned days30
    F. Population of Trial Subjects
    F.1 Age Range
    F.1.1Trial has subjects under 18 No
    F.1.1.1In Utero No
    F.1.1.2Preterm newborn infants (up to gestational age < 37 weeks) No
    F.1.1.3Newborns (0-27 days) No
    F.1.1.4Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) No
    F.1.1.5Children (2-11years) No
    F.1.1.6Adolescents (12-17 years) No
    F.1.2Adults (18-64 years) Yes
    F.1.2.1Number of subjects for this age range: 214
    F.1.3Elderly (>=65 years) Yes
    F.1.3.1Number of subjects for this age range: 214
    F.2 Gender
    F.2.1Female Yes
    F.2.2Male Yes
    F.3 Group of trial subjects
    F.3.1Healthy volunteers No
    F.3.2Patients Yes
    F.3.3Specific vulnerable populations Yes
    F.3.3.1Women of childbearing potential not using contraception No
    F.3.3.2Women of child-bearing potential using contraception Yes
    F.3.3.3Pregnant women No
    F.3.3.4Nursing women No
    F.3.3.5Emergency situation No
    F.3.3.6Subjects incapable of giving consent personally No
    F.3.3.7Others No
    F.4 Planned number of subjects to be included
    F.4.1In the member state214
    F.5 Plans for treatment or care after the subject has ended the participation in the trial (if it is different from the expected normal treatment of that condition)
    Initial prescribing of the trial medications will be conducted by, or with oversight from, trial clinicians. Decisions as to whether to continue treatment will continue as per standard care thereafter. All patients, regardless of their treatment status, will be followed up in the trial for one year. This is a superiority design whereby we hypothesise that quetiapine will be superior to lithium in terms of time to treatment discontinuation and average symptom burden (QID-SR) over 12 months.
    G. Investigator Networks to be involved in the Trial
    N. Review by the Competent Authority or Ethics Committee in the country concerned
    N.Competent Authority Decision Authorised
    N.Date of Competent Authority Decision2016-07-11
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion of the trial applicationFavourable
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion: Reason(s) for unfavourable opinion
    N.Date of Ethics Committee Opinion2016-09-20
    P. End of Trial
    P.End of Trial StatusGB - no longer in EU/EEA
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