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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Supersaturation and precipitation of ritonavir in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy volunteers

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2016-002700-78
    Trial protocol
    BE  
    Global end of trial date
    27 Aug 2018

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    28 Apr 2021
    First version publication date
    28 Apr 2021
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    DDD16RITONAVIR
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    Clinical Trial Center UZ Leuven: S59578
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Drug Delivery and Disposition
    Sponsor organisation address
    Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium,
    Public contact
    Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, +32 16379105, jens.vandenabeele@kuleuven.be
    Scientific contact
    Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, +32 16379105, jens.vandenabeele@kuleuven.be
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    25 May 2020
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    27 Aug 2018
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    27 Aug 2018
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To evaluate the gastrointestinal behaviour of a weakly basic drug (ritonavir) in healthy volunteers and its implications for systemic drug exposure
    Protection of trial subjects
    Identification of trial subjects was replaced by study participant numbers
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    13 Feb 2017
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 5
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    5
    EEA total number of subjects
    5
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    5
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Candidate volunteers were excluded from participation in case of he-patitis B/C and/or HIV infection, illness at the time of the trial, medi-cation use, a history of acute/chronic gastrointestinal disease(s), (pos-sible) pregnancy, and/or frequent exposure to radiation during theprevious year.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Single blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    No

    Arm title
    Ritonavir
    Arm description
    Oral intake of one Norvir®tablet (100 mg ritonavir) with 240 mL oftap water under fasted state conditions
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ritonavir
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Oral intake of one Norvir®tablet (100 mg ritonavir) with 240 mL oftap water under fasted state conditions

    Arm title
    Ritonavir + PPI
    Arm description
    Oral intake of one Norvir®tablet (100 mg ritonavir) with 240 mL oftap water under fasted state conditions after intake of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) once-daily, starting 48 hours before the start ofthe study (Nexium®, 40 mg esomeprazole)
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ritonavir + esomeprazole
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    ral intake of one Norvir®tablet (100 mg ritonavir) with 240 mL oftap water under fasted state conditions after intake of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) once-daily, starting 48 hours before the start ofthe study (Nexium®, 40 mg esomeprazole)

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Ritonavir Ritonavir + PPI
    Started
    5
    5
    Completed
    5
    5

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Overall trial (overall period) Total
    Number of subjects
    5 5
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    5 5
        From 65-84 years
    0 0
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    27 (25 to 31) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    2 2
        Male
    3 3

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Ritonavir
    Reporting group description
    Oral intake of one Norvir®tablet (100 mg ritonavir) with 240 mL oftap water under fasted state conditions

    Reporting group title
    Ritonavir + PPI
    Reporting group description
    Oral intake of one Norvir®tablet (100 mg ritonavir) with 240 mL oftap water under fasted state conditions after intake of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) once-daily, starting 48 hours before the start ofthe study (Nexium®, 40 mg esomeprazole)

    Primary: Solubility in the stomach

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    End point title
    Solubility in the stomach [1]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Visit 1 - visit 2
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No p values mentioned only description of the measured values.
    End point values
    Ritonavir Ritonavir + PPI
    Number of subjects analysed
    5
    5
    Units: µM
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    135.1 (15.6 to 793.3)
    13.5 (10.4 to 25.0)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information [1]
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Visit 1 - visit 2
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    23
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Notes
    [1] - There are no non-serious adverse events recorded for these results. It is expected that there will be at least one non-serious adverse event reported.
    Justification: No adverse events reported in the 5 HV

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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