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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Phase II open label randomised safety and efficacy study of the viral vectored ChAd-MVA 5T4 vaccine in combination with PD-1 checkpoint blockade in low- or intermediate-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer and advanced metastatic prostate cancer

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2017-001992-22
    Trial protocol
    GB  
    Global end of trial date
    20 May 2022

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    04 Aug 2023
    First version publication date
    04 Aug 2023
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    ADVANCE
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03815942
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    RGEA, University of Oxford
    Sponsor organisation address
    Churchill hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom, OX3 7LE
    Public contact
    Adrian Hill, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, +44 1865617610, adrian.hill@ndm.ox.ac.uk
    Scientific contact
    Adrian Hill, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, +44 1865617610, adrian.hill@ndm.ox.ac.uk
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    20 May 2022
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    20 May 2022
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    20 May 2022
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess the safety and efficacy of ChAd-MVA 5T4 vaccination in combination with checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab when administered to early stage and advanced metastatic prostate cancer patients. Low- or intermediate-risk localised or locally advanced prostate cancer patients: • To assess safety of the viral vectored ChAd-MVA 5T4 vaccine when administered in combination with anti-PD-1 mAb • To determine whether ChAd-MVA 5T4 vaccine in combination with anti-PD-1 will impact on the serum level of PSA Metastatic prostate cancer patients • To assess safety of the viral vectored ChAd-MVA 5T4 vaccine when administered in combination with anti-PD-1 mAb • To assess efficacy of the viral vectored ChAd-MVA 5T4 vaccine when administered in combination with anti-PD-1 mAb as measured by composite response rate defined as one of the following: o reduction of circulating tumour DNA o serum PSA decrease
    Protection of trial subjects
    All patients will sign and date the informed consent form before any study-specific procedures are performed. The information sheet will be made available to the patient at least 24 hours prior to the screening visit. The patient will be fully informed of all aspects of the trial, the potential risks and their obligations. The following general principles will be emphasised: • Participation in the study is entirely voluntary • Refusal to participate involves no penalty or loss of medical benefits • The patient may withdraw from the study at any time • The patient is free to ask questions at any time to allow him or her to understand the purpose of the study and the procedures involved • The study involves research of an investigational vaccine and checkpoint inhibitor • The study involves delaying the patient’s surgery by approximately 2 months • There may be no direct benefit for participating The aims of the study and all tests to be carried out will be explained. The patient will be given the opportunity to ask about details of the study, and will then have time to consider whether or not to participate. If they do decide to participate, they will sign and date the consent form, which will also be signed and dated by the investigator. One copy will be given to the partiicpant, one copy will be placed in the study file, and the original will be placed in their medical notes.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    N/A
    Actual start date of recruitment
    01 Oct 2018
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 23
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    23
    EEA total number of subjects
    0
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    2
    From 65 to 84 years
    21
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Participants were recruited into one of two cohorts within the study: those with operable localised or locally advanced prostate cancer who are planned to undergo radical prostatectomy, or those with metastatic prostate cancer who demonstrate disease progression on therapy with second generation anti-androgens (enzalutamide or abiraterone).

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The subjects were men over 18 years old. 2 groups Radical prostatectomy: Men with low- or intermediate-risk advanced prostate cancer and deemed operable and fit to undergo radical prostatectomy (0 recruited) Metastatic prostate cancer: men with metastatic prostate cancer with demonstrated disease progression following anti-androgen treatment (23)

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Whole trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    N/A

    Arms
    Arm title
    Group 2
    Arm description
    Participants with Metastatic Prostate Cancer
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    ChAdOx1.5T4 vaccine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Injection , Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    ChAdOx1.5T4 vaccine is is an unlicensed medicinal product manufactured by by the University of Oxford Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility (CBF), Churchill Hospital, Oxford. It is formulated in formulation buffer at a nominal concentration of 1.1x1011 vp/mL. The formulation buffer consists of 10mM Histidine, 7.5% sucrose, 35mM NaCI, 1mM MgCl2, 0.1% PS80, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.5% EtOH, pH 6.6. The fill volume is 0.5-1.0 mL. The dose of ChAdOx1.5T4 used in this study is 2.5x1010 vp. The vaccine was allowed to thaw to room temperature and were administered by intramuscular injection within 1 hour of removal from the freezer. The preferred site for vaccination was the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh but the deltoid muscle of the arm was an acceptable alternative.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    MVA.5T4 vaccine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Injection , Intramuscular use
    Dosage and administration details
    MVA.5T4 vaccine is an unlicensed medicinal product that has not been administered to humans before. It has been manufactured under Good Manufacturing Practice conditions by IDT Biologika GmbH, Germany. MVA.5T4 was supplied as a frozen liquid formulation in 10mM Tris buffer 140 mM NaCl, pH 7.7 in 2.0 mL clear glass vials. The formulation titre is 2x109 pfu/ml, the final drug product titre is 1x109pfu/ml. The fill volume is 0.55 mL. The vaccine was allowed to thaw to room temperature and administered by intramuscular injection within 1 hour of removal from the freezer. The preferred site for vaccination was the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh but the deltoid muscle of the arm was an acceptable alternative. It was planned to use a different thigh (arm) for each of the two MVA.5T4 immunisations.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Opdivo®
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Concentrate for solution for infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Nivolumab 480mg, was prepared from 10mg/ml concentrate, diluted into sodium chloride 9mg/mL (0.9%) solution for injection and administered intravenously in a volume of 100ml to a final concentration of 4.8mg/ml. Preparation and handling adopted strict aseptic technique. In line with the manufacturer’s instructions, nivolumab was administered intravenously over a period of 60 minutes using a volumetric pump, an infusion set and an in-line, sterile, nonpyrogenic, low protein binding filter of pore size of 0.2μm to 1.2μm. After administration the line was flushed with sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) solution for injection.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Group 2
    Started
    23
    Visit 1
    23
    Visit 3
    23
    Visit 5
    21
    Visit 7
    19
    Visit 9
    17
    Visit 0 : Consenting / Screening
    23
    Enrolled
    23
    Completed
    6
    Not completed
    17
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    17

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Group 2
    Reporting group description
    Participants with Metastatic Prostate Cancer

    Reporting group values
    Group 2 Total
    Number of subjects
    23 23
    Age categorical
    Group 2 participants
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    2 2
        From 65-84 years
    21 21
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    0 0
        Male
    23 23
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Group 2
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The participant must satisfy all the following criteria to be eligible for the study: - Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate cancer. Note, any Gleason grade or primary tumour staging at diagnosis is permitted. - Evidence of at least one distant metastasis based on MRI, CT, PET or bone scintigraphy. - Established on and suitable to continue with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) using any luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist. LHRH agonist therapy may include goserelin (Zoladex®), leuprorelin acetate (Prostap®) or any other licenced product in this class. - On treatment with anti-androgen therapy using either abiraterone (Zytiga®) or enzalutamide (Xtandi®) and demonstrating evidence of disease progression at the time of enrolment, defined according Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 Criteria as either: • PSA progression as defined by a minimum of 3 rising PSA levels with an interval of ≥1 week between each assessment where the PSA value at screeni

    Subject analysis sets values
    Group 2
    Number of subjects
    23
    Age categorical
    Group 2 participants
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    2
        From 65-84 years
    21
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units:
        
    ±
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    0
        Male
    23

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Group 2
    Reporting group description
    Participants with Metastatic Prostate Cancer

    Subject analysis set title
    Group 2
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The participant must satisfy all the following criteria to be eligible for the study: - Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate cancer. Note, any Gleason grade or primary tumour staging at diagnosis is permitted. - Evidence of at least one distant metastasis based on MRI, CT, PET or bone scintigraphy. - Established on and suitable to continue with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) using any luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist. LHRH agonist therapy may include goserelin (Zoladex®), leuprorelin acetate (Prostap®) or any other licenced product in this class. - On treatment with anti-androgen therapy using either abiraterone (Zytiga®) or enzalutamide (Xtandi®) and demonstrating evidence of disease progression at the time of enrolment, defined according Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 Criteria as either: • PSA progression as defined by a minimum of 3 rising PSA levels with an interval of ≥1 week between each assessment where the PSA value at screeni

    Primary: Completed the study

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    End point title
    Completed the study [1]
    End point description
    Those participants who completed the full study
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Week 48
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Due to the confidential nature of this information, we have not provided this analysis at this time. The scientific paper can be uploaded following publication if required.
    End point values
    Group 2 Group 2
    Number of subjects analysed
    23
    23
    Units: 23
        Completed Study
    6
    6
        Withdrew Week 36
    2
    2
        Withdrew Week 24
    8
    8
        Withdrew week 17
    1
    1
        Withdrew Week 16
    1
    1
        Withdrew Week 12
    1
    1
        Withdrew Week 9
    1
    1
        Withdrew Week 8
    2
    2
        Withdrew Week 4
    1
    1
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Received Vaccination / Infusions

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    End point title
    Received Vaccination / Infusions [2]
    End point description
    How many had the dose(s) administered at each stage
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Progression of vaccinations / infusions through the trial
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Due to the confidential nature of this information, we have not provided this analysis at this time. The scientific paper can be uploaded following publication if required.
    End point values
    Group 2 Group 2
    Number of subjects analysed
    23
    23
    Units: 23
        Day 0 - ChADOx1.5T4
    23
    23
        Week 4 MVAA.5T4
    23
    23
        Week 4 Nivo
    23
    23
        Week 8 Nivo
    20
    20
        Week 12 ChAdOx1.5T4
    19
    19
        Week 12 Nivo
    18
    18
        Week 16 MVA.5T4
    17
    17
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information [1]
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From Enrolment until End of Study
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    ADV-00118011
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    26
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Group 2
    Reporting group description
    All of the participants in the trial (metastatic prostate cancer)

    Notes
    [1] - There are no non-serious adverse events recorded for these results. It is expected that there will be at least one non-serious adverse event reported.
    Justification: Due to the confidential nature of this information, we have not provided this analysis at this time. The scientific paper can be uploaded following publication if required.
    Serious adverse events
    Group 2
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 23 (34.78%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    21
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Spinal cord compression
    Additional description: ADV00118007 was admitted with left lower limb weakness. Underwent MRI of the spone which shwed metastatic spinal cord compression at T2. Had radiotherapy as an inpatient. This is related to disease progression.
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
    Additional description: ADV00118001 Blood in urine for 3 weeks. Extreme fatigue, poor appetite, increased leg swelling, breathlessness. On admission had ultrasound of urinary tract to have have bloods taken. Stent removed and replaced via nephrostomy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
    Additional description: ADV-00118002 Admitted with temperature of 37.7C and lower abdominal pain. Discharged after treatment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Pyrexia and rigors
    Additional description: ADV-00118017 Participant admitted to triage due to pyrexia and rigors. On admission started on antibiotics for possible chest infection. Discharged 4 days later
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypercalcaemia
    Additional description: ADV099118103: Attended for a visit and was less well with multiple adverse events. Bloods showed raised calcium and acute kidney injury. Discharged following IV fluids and treatment for hypercalcemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
    Additional description: ADV-00118019 lower back pain progressively worsened over a month. MRI demonstrated minor protrusion of the R L5 nerve root. Started on Dexamethasone. Discharged with new regime and outpatients radiotherapy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Chest pain
    Additional description: ADV00119105: Admitted with chest pain. Suspected pulmonary clots. CT pulmonary angiogram : no PE. Chest pain of unknown origin. Suspect infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Group 2
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 23 (0.00%)

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    08 Jun 2016
    SA001 was REC-Only and included changes to the Protocol, the Participant Information Sheets (PIS RP and PIS mPCa), ICF(RP), Diary Cards and GP letter and provision of the new Investigator’s Brochure for MVA.5T4 IMP. The changes to the Protocol were: 1) Removal of one recruiting site 2) Addition of one recruiting site 3) For radical prostatectomy patients (RP) reduction of the following: a) number of nivolimab infusions, b) intervals between study treatments, c) surgery delay, d) number of study visits, e) follow-up period. 4) for metastatic prostate cancer patients (mPCa): modification of the vaccines and nivolumab dosing regimes and clarification of study endpoints 5) New information regarding the MVA.5T4 vaccine. The PIS RP was changed to reflect the changes above. The PIS mPCa was changed to reflect the changes above. The ICF RP was changed to reflect the reduction of nivolumab infusions. The changes to the GP Letter reflected the reduction in follow-up period for RP participants. The Diary Cards were changed to reflect the changes in dosing regimens. New Investigator’s Brochure for MVA.5T4 The HRA schedule of events was changed to reflect the changes in the vaccines and nivolumab dosing regimens.
    05 Sep 2018
    SA002 was submitted to the REC and the MHRA and modified the study protocol and extended the shelf-life of the study IMP ChADOx1.5T4 to 15Jul2019 on the basis of stability test results. The changes to the protocol were 1) Removal of 3 recruiting sites 2) Addition of 1 recruiting site 3) Addition of Principal Investigator 4) Reduction in sample size from 60 to 36 participants 5) For Metastatic Prostate Cancer participants: a) removal of the control arm receiving Nivolumab only b) removal of randomisation c) reduction of the follow-up period to 12 months and reduction of the number of study visits ADVANCE Protocol Version 3.0, 03Sep2018 was submitted.
    29 Nov 2018
    SA003 was submitted to the REC and the MHRA and modified the study protocol. The changes in the protocol were in Appendix 1 (Schedule of events): 1) No collection of blood samples for exploratory biochemistry for Group 2 (mPCA) 2) Significant reduction in number of blood samples for ctDNA quantification but increase in blood volume 3) Small increase in blood volume for exploratory immunology at several timepoint ADVANCE Protocol Version 4.0, 19Nov2018 was submitted.
    19 Feb 2019
    SA004 was submitted to the REC and the MHRA and modified the study protocol. The changes to the protocol were: 1) Two sites and their respective Principal Investigators were removed 2) Treatment with abiraterone and enzalutamide were discontinued after enrolment to the study 3) Participant confidentiality section was modified to comply with GDPR and Data Protection Act 4) Changes to the Schedule of events: a) Timeframe for phone call increased to 2+3 days b) Blood sample for HLA typing collected at visit 2 instead of 3 c) Timepoints for ctDNA and CTC modified to remove collection at week 48 and add collection at weeks 4, 8 and 12 for cdctDNA and week 8 for CTC sample. ADVANCE Protocol Version 5.0, 15Feb2019 was submitted.
    16 Oct 2019
    SA006 was submitted to the REC and the MHRA and constituted a temporary halt of the study following the identification of a potentially serious breach.
    19 Nov 2019
    SA007 was submitted to the REC and the MHRA and requested the re-start of the trial following the implementation of measures to rectify the situation.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? Yes
    Date
    Interruption
    Restart date
    16 Oct 2019
    a temporary halt of the study following the identification of a potentially serious breach.
    19 Nov 2019

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    No participants were recruited to Group 1 (Radical prostatectomy group)
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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