E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (aHUS) |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
aHUS is a rare disease caused by a fault in the complement system. The complement system is part of your body’s immune response that attacks bugs. |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Immune System Diseases [C20] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | Yes |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
The principle clinical research objective is to determine the safety of Eculizumab withdrawal in patients with aHUS. |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
1. Measure the effectiveness of a monitoring protocol to detect disease relapse following withdrawal of Eculizumab. 2. Describe the relapse rate after withdrawal of Eculizumab. 3. Estimate the proportion of patients, currently on long-term treatment with Eculizumab, who can be maintained off treatment. 4. Describe the period from withdrawal to relapse in those patients who restart treatment. 5. Measure the change in estimated GFR (calculated by the CKD-EPI or modified Schwartz equations) over the course of the study. 6. Identify important clinical and laboratory indicators of imminent relapse.
Heath Economic Objectives
7. To assess the costs and health outcomes (measured in terms of adverse events and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)) for patients on standard care (not withdrawing from Eculizumab treatment) over the two-year trial duration. 8. To assess the costs and health outcomes for patients fully, or partially, withdrawing from Eculizumab treatment, and on a policy of protoco |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | Yes |
E.2.3.1 | Full title, date and version of each sub-study and their related objectives |
There is a linked qualitative study. The IRAS Project ID for this study is 237008. This Qualitative Trial will use structured interviews to find out the experience of a subset of patients who have consented to this clinical trial. |
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E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
• Age ≥2+ years of age • On Eculizumab treatment for at least 6 months • In remission with no evidence of ongoing microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA) activity at screening defined by: - Platelet count > lower limit of normal as determined by local reference range - LDH <x2 upper limit of normal as determined by local lab reference ranges • Normal renal function or CKD stages 1-3 • Absence of decline of renal function confirmed by review of available assessments of renal function for the preceding 6 months by the Chief Investigator and clinical members of the TMG • Willing to attend for safety monitoring assessments • Willing to travel only to countries that can supply Eculizumab (to be confirmed with co-ordinating centre prior to travel).
The following criteria must be met by those only wishing to be enrolled in the withdrawal component of the trial. • Able to perform or parent/guardian to perform and record self-monitoring urinalysis • Sexually active female patients who are of child bearing age must have a negative pregnancy test at screening and consent to use effective contraception for the duration of the study as listed in table 1 in the protocol OR fulfil one of the following criteria: - Be post-menopausal - Have undergone surgical sterilisation
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
• Severe non-renal disease manifestations at initial presentation with aHUS, which in the opinion of the Chief Investigator and/or the clinical members of the TMG makes the risk of treatment withdrawal unacceptable. • Loss of a previous transplant kidney to recurrent aHUS • Transplant recipient with a pathogenic mutation in C3, CFH or CFB • Current or planned pregnancy • Unable to give informed consent or assent, or unable to obtain parent/guardian consent if under 16 years of age • Unable to comply with monitoring protocol • Current participation in another clinical trial • Haematuria rating of 3+ • Severe, uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg) that is likely to induce at TMA. • Current participation in another clinical trial (not including participation in ahus registries)
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
Number of patients with a Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA) related Serious Adverse Event (SAE) defined as any of the following:
• Irreversible (>3 months) reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by ≥20%, not attributable to another cause • An episode of AKI attributed to a TMA that requires renal replacement therapy • A non-renal manifestation of a TMA that require hospitalisation, cause irreversible organ damage or death.
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
24 months after the patient has their baseline visit. |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
1. The effectiveness of a monitoring protocol to detect disease relapse following withdrawal of Eculizumab assessed by: i. The proportion of patients who relapse and restart Eculizumab without the development of a TMA-related SAE (section 3.3). ii. The time from the first clinical feature (symptom, positive urinalysis or laboratory result) of a relapse of TMA and the re-introduction of Eculizumab treatment. 2. The relapse rate after withdrawal of Eculizumab as determined by the proportion of patients who relapse after Eculizumab is withdrawn. 3. Estimate of the proportion of patients, currently on long-term treatment with Eculizumab, who can be maintained off treatment. 4. Description of the period from withdrawal to relapse in those patients who restart treatment measured from baseline (day 0) to day of re-introduction of treatment or end of the study. 5. The change in estimated GFR as calculated by the CKD-EPI or modified Schwartz equations over the course of the study from baseline (day 0) to end of the study. 6. Identification of important clinical and laboratory indicators of imminent relapse by review of reported symptoms, physical signs, urinalysis and laboratory results prior to the diagnosis of a relapse.
Heath Economic Outcome Measures 7. Cumulative costs to the NHS and participants, and determinants of costs, over the 24-month follow-up period. 8. QALYs estimated from responses to the EQ-5D-5L, and SF-36, completed at pre-determined time points, and determinants of QALYs/utilities, over the 24-month follow-up period. 9. Model-based estimate of the costs and health consequences, with results presented in terms of cost per QALY gained, over the estimated lifetime of patients withdrawing from treatment compared with standard care.
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
24 months after the patient has their baseline visit.
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | No |
E.6.4 | Safety | Yes |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | No |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | Yes |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | No |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | No |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | No |
E.8.1.2 | Open | No |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | No |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | No |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | No |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| No |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | Yes |
E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 20 |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | No |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | No |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 3 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 2 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 30 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 3 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 2 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 30 |