E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
cohort A: We will administer a single dose of vancomycin, cefuroxime or gentamicin to healthy volunteers. The administration of the antibiotics in cohort A is for study purposes only.
cohort B: We will obtain plasma pharmacokinetic data of vancomycin, cefuroxime and gentamicin in sick children using the modified microdialysis probes and blood sampling. The children will be receiving the drug for treatment of infection at the discretion of their treating physicians. |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Concentrations of vancomycin, cefuroxime or gentamicin in plasma of a) healthy volunteers and b) sick children. |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Bacterial Infections and Mycoses [C01] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
• To develop and validate a practical method for pharmacokinetic measurements in children
In detail: Cohort A: We will administer a single dose of vancomycin, cefuroxime or gentamicin to healthy volunteers. We will then take serial blood samples and plasma microdialysis samples using our modified microdialysis probes. The PK values obtained using the plasma microdialysis probes will be compared to the values obtained through blood sampling and evaluated according to the bioequivalence criteria published by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
Cohort B: We will perform PK measurements of the three antibiotics in sick children using the modified microdialysis probe and blood sampling. We will use the compiled data to compare the PK parameters obtained through the different methods and evaluate evaluate the measurements of the modified microdialysis probe for accuracy. |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
• To assess the appropriateness of existing dosing therapies of vancomycin, cefuroxime and gentamicin in children |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
Cohort A: • Age: 18 – 55 years
• Healthy male subjects
• Good state of health (mentally and physically)
• A signed and dated written informed consent form
• The subject is able to understand and willing to comply with protocol
requirements and timetables, instructions and protocol-stated
restrictions
• Negative serology (human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B-AG
and C-AB) at screening
• Vital signs should be within the following range:
- Systolic blood pressure, 90-140 mmHg - Diastolic blood pressure, 45-90 mmHg - Puls rate, 45-90 bpm
Cohort B: • Female of male, aged between 0 and 6 years • Clinical diagnosis of infection, requiring antibiotic therapy • Prescription of cefuroxime, gentamicin or vancomycin for therapeutic reasons. • Signed informed consent by at least one parent or legal representative
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
Cohort A: • Any acute or chronic illness or clinically relevant (Investigator’s judgment) abnormality identified on the screening medical assessment, laboratory tests or ECG, unless in the opinion of the Investigator it will not interfere with the study procedures, affect the outcome of the study or compromise the safety of the subject.
• Use of prescription or non-prescription drugs within 7 days or 10 times the elimination half-life (whichever is longer) prior to the first dose of study medication unless considered irrelevant by the investigator. • Intake of grapefruit juice within 1 week prior to study day. • A blood donation within 4 weeks prior to study day • Participation at another study as healthy volunteer within 4 weeks prior to study day • History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions to any medication • Any disease or medical condition considered relevant for proper performance of the study or risk to the patient at the discretion of the investigator
Cohort B: • Allergy or hypersensitivity against study drug. • Severe renal impairment, defined by a serum creatinine level to more than 200% of age-specific reference values, or urinary output <0,5ml/kg/h for >12 hours • Severe thrombocytopenia <50.000/µl • Any disease considered a risk for proper performance of the study or risks to the patient, at the discretion of the investigator
Comments: As the treating physicians prescribe the medication for therapeutic reasons independently of the trial, contraindications for that drug will not be separately checked by the study staff. Administration of any other drugs or of other required antibiotics per se is no exclusion criterion. |
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
cohort A: Area under the concentration time curve (AUC) from 0 to 8 hours for cefuroxime (AUC0-8), AUC from 0 to 10 hours for gentamicin (AUC0-10), AUC from 0 to 24 hours for vancomycin (AUC0-24), Maximum concentration (Cmax) cohort B: Area under the concentration time curve (AUC) from 0 to 8 hours for cefuroxime and vancomycin (AUC0-8), AUC from 0 to 12 hours for gentamicin (AUC0-12), Maximum concentration (Cmax) |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
defined time points during and after therapy with the study drug |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
- AUC from 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24 calculated with the use of the measured AUCs as a very conservative estimate), time to maximum concentration (tmax), half-life (t1/2), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), clearance (Cl) |
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
defined time points during and after therapy with the study drug |
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | No |
E.6.4 | Safety | No |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | No |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | Yes |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | Yes |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | Yes |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description |
Prospective, open-labelled, single-center exploratory pharmacokinetic study |
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E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | No |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | No |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | No |
E.8.1.2 | Open | Yes |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | No |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | No |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | No |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| Yes |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | No |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | No |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | No |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | No |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 24 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | |