E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Heart Failure;
Hyperkalaemia |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Heart failure (HF) occurrs when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to maintain the needs of the body. Hyperkalaemia occurs when the level of potassium in the circulating blood is too high. |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Cardiovascular Diseases [C14] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 20.0 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10008908 |
E.1.2 | Term | Chronic heart failure |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004849 |
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E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
To determine if there is a difference between sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (ZS) and placebo in RAAS (renin angiotensin aldosterone system) blockade treatment. |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
1. Capable of giving signed informed consent which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the informed consent form (ICF) and in this protocol.
2. Provision of signed and dated, written informed consent form prior to any mandatory study specific procedures, sampling, and analyses.
3. Provision of signed and dated written genetic informed consent prior to collection of sample for genetic analysis. Individuals refusing to provide informed consent for genetic testing may still be included in the study, but will not have to provide samples for genetic analysis.
4. Subject must be ≥18 years of age inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent form.
5. Individuals with established documented diagnosis of symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
6. Individuals with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%.
7. Individuals receiving background standard of care (an ACEi, ARB, or ARNI with or without low-dose MRA) for HFrEF and treated according tolocally recognized guidelines with both drugs and devices, as appropriate.
8. Individuals with mild hyperkalaemia or at risk of developing hyperkalaemia during the study.
9. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test during screening (before first dose of investigational product [IP]) performed locally. |
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
1. HF due to restrictive cardiomyopathy, active myocarditis, constrictive pericarditis,hypertrophic (obstructive) cardiomyopathy or uncorrected primary valvular disease.
2. Current acute decompensated HF, hospitalization due to decompensated HF within 4 weeks prior to enrolment, or myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina, stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) within 12 weeks prior to enrolment.
3. Coronary revascularization or valvular repair/replacement within 12 weeks prior to enrolment or planned to undergo any of these operations after randomization.
4. Implantation of a Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) device or Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) within 12 weeks prior to enrolment or intent to perform atrial fibrillation ablation or to implant a CRT device.
5. Previous cardiac transplantation or implantation of a ventricular assistance device (VAD) or similar device, or transplantation or implantation expected after randomization.
6. Symptomatic bradycardia or second (Mobitz type 2) or third-degree heart block without a pacemaker.
7. Symptomatic hypotension or systolic blood pressure (BP) <95 mmHg on 2 consecutive measurements.
8. Receiving dialysis or anticipated by the investigator to require dialysis therapy within 3 months.
9. Prior history of hypersensitivity to a renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) drug, including but not limited to development of angioedema, icterus, hepatitis, or neutropenia or thrombocytopenia requiring treatment modification.
10. Addison’s disease or other causes of hypoaldosteronism.
11. Known hypersensitivity to sodium zirconium cyclosilicate.
12. Any condition outside the cardiovascular (CV) and renal disease area, such as but not limited to malignancy, with a life expectancy of less than 2 years based on investigator´s clinical judgement.
13. Active malignancy requiring treatment.
14. MRA therapies that are mainly investigational and/or are not widely available as an oral dosing formulation (eg, canrenoate and finerenone) are excluded.
15. Treated with potassium binding resins such as sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS; e.g. Kayexalate®) or calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS; e.g. Resonium®) or the cation exchange polymer, patiromer sorbitex calcium (Veltassa®) within 7 days prior to the first dose of study drug.
16. Treated with potassium supplements within 7 days prior to randomization.
17. Participation in another clinical study with ZS at any time or treatment with any investigational product (IP) during the last 3 months.
18. Involvement in the planning and/or conduct of the study (applies to both AstraZeneca staff, AstraZeneca representatives, and/or staff at the study site).
19. Judgment by the investigator that the subject should not participate in the study if the subject is unlikely to comply with study procedures, restrictions and requirements.
20. Previous randomisation in the present study.
21. Subjects with a family history of long QT syndrome, presence of cardiac arrhythmias or conduction defects that require immediate treatment, or a QTc(corrected QT interval) of ≥550 msec. |
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
Proportion of subjects in the following categories at 3 months:
- No ACEi/ARB/ARNI or at less than target dose and no MRA
- ACEi/ARB/ARNI at target dose and no MRA
- MRA at less than target dose
- MRA at target dose |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
Approximately at 3 months |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | Yes |
E.6.4 | Safety | Yes |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | Yes |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | Yes |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | No |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes |
E.8.1.2 | Open | No |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | Yes |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Yes |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | Yes |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| No |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | Yes |
E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 6 |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | Yes |
E.8.5.1 | Number of sites anticipated in the EEA | 32 |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | Yes |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.6.3 | If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned |
Brazil |
Bulgaria |
Canada |
Hungary |
Poland |
Romania |
Russian Federation |
Slovakia |
United States |
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E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 2 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 0 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 0 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 2 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 0 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 0 |