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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Norwegian Nucleoside Analogue Stop Study (Nuc-STOP) - A randomized open-label trial in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B, aiming at achieving a functional Cure

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2018-000724-34
    Trial protocol
    NO   SE   DK  
    Global end of trial date
    31 Jan 2023

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    21 Nov 2024
    First version publication date
    21 Nov 2024
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    Trial main article

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    Nuc-STOP
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03681132
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Oslo University Hospital
    Sponsor organisation address
    Kirkeveien 144, OSLO, Norway, 0424
    Public contact
    Asgeir Johannessen, Oslo University Hospital, 47 97983264 ,
    Scientific contact
    Asgeir Johannessen, Oslo University Hospital, 47 97983264 ,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    26 Jun 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    28 Feb 2022
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    31 Jan 2023
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Main objective: To study whether stopping NA therapy – and delaying re-start - can trigger an immune response and set off a functional cure (i.e. HBsAg loss)
    Protection of trial subjects
    This was a trial of stopping medical treatment and randomizing patients to two different re-treatment strategies. Trial subjects were protected by: Close monitoring after treatment cessation Registration of all adverse events first three months Registration of all severe or unexpected adverse events throughout the trial period. All private data stored safely in approved online CRP according to national legislation and instruction of institutional data protection officer. Study monitored according to national legislation and instruction of institutional data protection officer. Special insurance of trial subjects.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    01 Sep 2018
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Ethiopia: 28
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Norway: 75
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Sweden: 18
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 6
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    127
    EEA total number of subjects
    99
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    126
    From 65 to 84 years
    1
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Adults (18–70 years) with HBeAg negative CHB were eligible for inclusion if they had been treated with tenofovir or entecavir uninterruptedly for 2 years or more with full viral suppression and had liver fibrosis assessment performed within the past 12 months not showing advanced fibrosis.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Adults (18–70 years) with HBeAg negative CHB were eligible for inclusion if they had been treated with tenofovir or entecavir uninterruptedly for 2 years or more with full viral suppression and had liver fibrosis assessment performed within the past 12 months not showing advanced fibrosis.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    Randomized open label trial on two re-treatment strategies after stopping medication.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Low treshold
    Arm description
    HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL and ALT > 80 U/L at one assessment
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Tenofovir or entecavir
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Tenofovir disoproxilfumorat 245 mg OD Tenofovir alafenamid 25 mg OD Entecavir 0,5 mg OD

    Arm title
    High treshold
    Arm description
    Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >100 U/L persisting for more than 4 months without any spontaneous decline toward normal, or ALT > 400 U/L persisting for more than 2 months
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Tenofovir or entecavir
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Tenofovir disoproxilfumorat 245 mg OD Tenofovir alafenamid 25 mg OD Entecavir 0,5 mg OD

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Low treshold High treshold
    Started
    64
    63
    Completed
    61
    59
    Not completed
    3
    4
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
    2
         Pregnancy
    1
    2
         Lost to follow-up
    1
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Low treshold
    Reporting group description
    HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL and ALT > 80 U/L at one assessment

    Reporting group title
    High treshold
    Reporting group description
    Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >100 U/L persisting for more than 4 months without any spontaneous decline toward normal, or ALT > 400 U/L persisting for more than 2 months

    Reporting group values
    Low treshold High treshold Total
    Number of subjects
    64 63 127
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    63 63 126
        From 65-84 years
    1 0 1
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    45.7 ( 9.6 ) 42.7 ( 9.4 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    23 18 41
        Male
    41 45 86

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Low treshold
    Reporting group description
    HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL and ALT > 80 U/L at one assessment

    Reporting group title
    High treshold
    Reporting group description
    Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >100 U/L persisting for more than 4 months without any spontaneous decline toward normal, or ALT > 400 U/L persisting for more than 2 months

    Primary: HBsAg loss

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    End point title
    HBsAg loss
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion through 36 months follow-up (End of Study)
    End point values
    Low treshold High treshold
    Number of subjects analysed
    64
    63
    Units: Subjects
    3
    8
    Statistical analysis title
    Primary outcome
    Statistical analysis description
    The effect measure was the difference between the probability of having HBsAg loss in the two groups using Agresti-­Min exact unconditional 95% confidence interval (CI). The p-­value was calculated with the Suissa-­Shuster exact unconditional test.25 Missing data were imputed with the last observation carried forward (LOCF, worst-­case scenario).
    Comparison groups
    Low treshold v High treshold
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    127
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    equivalence [1]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Risk difference (RD)
    Point estimate
    8
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -2.3
         upper limit
    19.6
    Notes
    [1] - The primary null hypothesis was that there was no difference in the proportion with HBsAg loss between the high-­threshold and the low-­threshold group.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events, none-serious: Inclusion to 3 months Serious adverse events: entire follow-up time, inclusion to 36 months.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    21.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Arm 1. Low-threshold
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Arm 2. High threshold
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Arm 1. Low-threshold Arm 2. High threshold
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 64 (14.06%)
    16 / 63 (25.40%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Investigations
    Blood bilirubin increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    2 / 63 (3.17%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    3 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    International normalised ratio increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 64 (10.94%)
    8 / 63 (12.70%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    7 / 7
    8 / 8
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Hepatocellular carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Limb injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Muscle injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Duodenal ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 4%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Arm 1. Low-threshold Arm 2. High threshold
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    31 / 64 (48.44%)
    18 / 63 (28.57%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 64 (3.13%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Gingival operation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions
    Abortion spontaneous
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 64 (3.13%)
    2 / 63 (3.17%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    Chest discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 64 (6.25%)
    3 / 63 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    3
    Influenza like illness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    2 / 63 (3.17%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Tenderness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 64 (4.69%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Haematospermia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Prostatomegaly
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Vaginal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 64 (6.25%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Sleep disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    2 / 63 (3.17%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Blood glucose decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Vitamin D decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Concussion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Cardiac disorders
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 64 (3.13%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Migraine
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia macrocytic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Lymphadenopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vertigo positional
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Eye disorders
    Conjunctival haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 64 (4.69%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Abdominal tenderness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Haemorrhoid infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Eczema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Calculus urinary
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Endocrine disorders
    Thyroid mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 64 (6.25%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    3 / 63 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    Flank pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Joint swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Rotator cuff syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Conjunctivitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 64 (7.81%)
    2 / 63 (3.17%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    2
    Epididymitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Fungal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Herpes virus infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 64 (10.94%)
    5 / 63 (7.94%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    4
    Onychomycosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Syphilis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Tonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 64 (4.69%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 64 (1.56%)
    0 / 63 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hyperglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 64 (0.00%)
    1 / 63 (1.59%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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