E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Pregestational type I or type II diabetes |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Pregnant women with type I or type II diabetes |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Female diseases of the urinary and reproductive systems and pregancy complications [C13] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 21.1 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10045228 |
E.1.2 | Term | Type I diabetes mellitus |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004861 |
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E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 21.1 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10045242 |
E.1.2 | Term | Type II diabetes mellitus |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004861 |
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E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
To investigate the effect of aspirin therapy initiated in the first trimester of pregnancy in women with pregestational type I or type II diabetes on a composite clinical measure of placental dysfunction (preeclampsia, preterm birth less than 34 weeks, birth weight below the 10th centile or perinatal mortality). |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
a. Differences between the intervention and control groups will be measured for the following parameters of neonatal morbidity • Gestational age at delivery • Birth weight • NICU admission • Respiratory morbidity • Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes • Umbilical artery acidosis at birth (cord pH <7.2) • Interventricular haemorrhage • Culture-proven sepsis • Necrotising enterocolitis • Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
b. Differences between the aspirin and control groups will be measured for maternal outcomes not directly related to primary outcome, including: • Mode of delivery • Haemorrhage • Sepsis
c. The effect of low-dose aspirin initiated in the first trimester of diabetes pregnancy on microalbuminuria will be evaluated
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
• Ability to comprehend the Patient Information Leaflet and to provide signed and dated informed consent. • Willing to comply with all study procedures and be available for the duration of the study • Female, age >18 years • Singleton pregnancy, ongoing at 11 – 13+6 weeks’ gestation • Pre-pregnancy diagnosis of type I or type II diabetes of at least 6 months’ duration • Fulfillment of each criterion must be clearly evidenced (in lab reports or correspondence) and/or documented in the medical records.
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
• Aspirin hypersensitivity (prior bronchospasm/ urticarial/ angioedema with aspirin) • Active or recurrent peptic ulceration (2 or more distinct episodes of proven ulceration or bleeding), repetitive gastric symptoms or history of intolerance of NSAIDs • Known bleeding diathesis (hypothrombinaemia, haemophilia, von Willebrands’ disease) • Multifetal gestation • Breastfeeding • Severe early-onset preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy • Patient already on aspirin at the time of screening • Established chronic renal disease (progressive loss of renal function of at least 3 months’ duration), clinically significant liver disorder, hyperuricemia (Gout), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency or heart failure (This exclusion criterion will be assessed from patient’s medical history not from screening laboratory tests). • Blood clotting disorder or treatment with anticoagulants at the time of recruitment or with anti-platelet therapy (Anticoagulants commenced after recruitment will not constitute exclusion from the trial). • Macroalbuminuria (24-hour urinary protein 300g or greater, or spot urinary protein/creatinine ratio >0.3 in the first trimester or dipstick proteinuria >/= +2 • Chronic hypertension (antihypertensive therapy in first trimester) • Inability to speak or read English • Use of any other medication that would constitute a risk to a patient taking aspirin in the opinion of the investigator ((including Interferon-α and Methotrexate) • Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or Ulcerative colitis) • Use of any other investigational medicinal product within the previous 30 days • The presence of any illness or condition that might interfere with the patient’s ability to comply with the study procedures • The presence of any illness or condition (including recent surgery) that renders the patient unsuitable for treatment with aspirin in the opinion of the investigator • Hyperemesis gravidarum
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
The primary outcome is a composite clinical measure of placental dysfunction (preeclampsia, preterm birth less than 34 weeks, birth weight below the 10th centile or perinatal mortality), with individual components measured as follows: -Preeclampsia: Hypertension (i) greater than or equal to 140mmHg systolic or greater than or equal to 90mmHg diastolic on two occasions at least 4 hours apart after 20 weeks’ gestation in a woman with a previously normal blood pressure. Or (ii) greater than or equal to 160mmHg systolic or greater than or equal to 110mmHg diastolic (such hypertension can be confirmed within a short interval (minutes) to facilitate timely antihypertensive therapy. And Proteinuria: Greater than or equal to 300mg per 24-hour urine collection, or a urinary protein: creatinine ratio greater than or equal to 0.3 or +3 proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis. Or in the absence of proteinuria, new-onset hypertension with the new onset of any of the following: • Thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 100,000/microliter) • Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine concentrations greater than 97umol/L or a doubling of the serum creatinine concentration in the absence of other renal disease) • Impaired liver function (elevated blood concentrations of liver transaminases to twice normal concentration) • Pulmonary oedema • Cerebral or visual symptoms Blood pressure will be measured at all study visits. Urine will be examined by dipstick analysis at all prenatal study visits. Urinary protein-creatinine ratio or 24-hour quantitation will be evaluated at the first study visit (visit 1, and thereafter at visits 3,5,7, and 9-16, or at any intervening study visit or patient encounter where +1 proteinuria or more is identified on dipstick urinalysis. Full blood count (platelet count), liver profile and serum renal profile (urea and creatinine) will be measured at the first study visit (visit 2) and thereafter at any study visit or patient encounter where the patient is found to be hypertensive (as per above definition). -Birth weight less than the 10th percentile for gestational age: Birth weight will be measured on the day of birth and plotted on standard WHO UK RCPCH growth charts (per gender). -Preterm birth less than 34+0 weeks: Gestational age at birth will be verified with respect to the Estimated Date of Delivery calculated at the first study visit. The accuracy of gestational age will take into account menstrual dates, IVF dates where applicable, and sonographic estimation of gestational age determined at the first study visit (prior to 12 weeks’ gestational age). In accordance with conventional principles for pregnancy dating, where a discrepancy of greater than 5 days exists between the menstrual-dates-derived EDD and the sonographic measurement of crown-rump length prior to 12 weeks’ gestational age, the ultrasound-derived EDD will apply. -Perinatal mortality: Stillbirth or neonatal death after 24 completed weeks of gestation and within 28 days of birth.
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
Blood pressure will be measured at all study visits. Urine will be examined by dipstick analysis at all prenatal study visits. Urinary protein-creatinine ratio or 24-hour quantitation will be evaluated at the first study visit (visit 1, and thereafter at visits 3,5,7, and 9-16, or at any intervening study visit or patient encounter where +1 proteinuria or more is identified on dipstick urinalysis. Full blood count (platelet count), liver profile and serum renal profile (urea and creatinine) will be measured at the first study visit (visit 2) and thereafter at any study visit or patient encounter where the patient is found to be hypertensive (as per above definition). Birth weight will be measured on the day of birth Gestational age at birth
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
Parameters of neonatal morbidity: • Gestational age at delivery (recorded at the time of birth, in weeks and days post Last Menstrual Period, or in accordance with ultrasound-derived gestational age, as above) • Birth weight (recorded (in grams) on the day of birth) • NICU admission (requirement to be admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for any purpose other than routine antibiotic administration) • Respiratory morbidity: A diagnosis of respiratory morbidity will be considered for any infant requiring invasive or non-invasive respiratory support, supported by radiographic criteria where available and length of oxygen-dependence will be recorded. For infants requiring respiratory support, the following variables will be recorded: o Duration of invasive ventilation o Duration of CPAP/ High-flow O2 o Duration of O2 o Duration of hospital stay o Use of nitric oxide o Number and type of inotropes o Duration of inotrope use • Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes: Apgar score will be recorded within 5 minutes of birth, as per standard clinical care. • Umbilical artery acidosis at birth (cord pH <7.2): Umbilical arterial pH and acid-base status will be measured where clinically indicated at birth (namely in an infant born in the setting of suspected perinatal compromise). In addition to cord pH, the first infant pH will also be recorded, if obtained. • Intracranial haemorrhage: Evidence of bleeding within the intraventricular or periventricular areas of the neonatal brain, identified with cranial ultrasound or alternate imaging. • Culture-proven sepsis: A diagnosis of neonatal sepsis will be made when appropriate clinical features are confirmed by positive microbiological cultures. • Necrotising enterocolitis: Defined as presence of radiologic signs (Bell Stage II or greater). • Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: A diagnosis of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy will be recorded where the following criteria are met: o Apgar score ≤5 at 10 minutes after birth o Continued need for endotracheal or mask ventilation at 10 minutes after birth o Acidosis within 60 minutes of birth (defined as any occurrence of umbilical cord arterial or capillary pH <7.0 or a base deficit ≥16mmol/L) o And/ or clinical seizures or moderate to severe encephalopathy using the Sarnat grading system • Shoulder dystocia: Shoulder dystocia is defined as a vaginal cephalic delivery that requires additional obstetric manoeuvres to deliver the fetus after the head has delivered and gentle traction has failed.
Maternal outcomes not directly related to primary outcome: • Mode of delivery: Recorded on day of delivery, as follows: Spontaneous vaginal birth (with spontaneous onset of labour) Spontaneous vaginal birth (with induction of labour) Assisted vaginal birth (forceps) with spontaneous onset of labour Assisted vaginal birth (forceps) with induction of labour Assisted vaginal birth (ventouse) with spontaneous onset of labour Assisted vaginal birth (ventouse) with induction of labour Emergency intrapartum Caesarean section with induction of labour Emergency intrapartum Caesarean section with spontaneous onset of labour Emergency pre-labour Caesarean section (i.e. unscheduled) Elective Caesarean section (scheduled) Elective Caesarean section with spontaneous onset of labour
• Haemorrhage: Loss of 500ml of blood or more from the genital tract within 24 hours of delivery. Peripartum blood loss will be recorded as average or excessive (500ml or more) for all deliveries. In addition, requirement for the following measures to reduce peripartum blood loss will be recorded: Oxytocin 10IU, oxytocin infusion, ergometrine, syntometrine, hemabate, misoprostol, intrauterine balloon tamponade, B-Lynch suture, interventional radiologic manoeuvres, hysterectomy, blood transfusion (including number and nature of blood products) • Sepsis: Culture-proven infection in addition to systemic manifestations of infection
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
Parameters of neonatal morbidity: Recorded at birth
Maternal outcomes not directly related to primary outcome: Recorded on day of delivery
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | Yes |
E.6.3 | Therapy | Yes |
E.6.4 | Safety | No |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | Yes |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes |
E.8.1.2 | Open | No |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | Yes |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | No |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | Yes |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| No |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | Yes |
E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 7 |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | No |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | No |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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The trial will end when the last recruited woman is discharged from hospital, and has attended the 6-week postnatal visit, her infant is discharged from the Neonatal Unit (NNU) and all delivery/baby data is collected. |
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 3 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | |