| E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation | 
| E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated  | 
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Crohn's disease | 
 
| De ziekte van Crohn | 
 
 
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| E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language  | 
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Crohn's disease | 
 
 
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| E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area  | Diseases [C] - Digestive System Diseases [C06] | 
| MedDRA Classification | 
| E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease  |  No  | 
| E.2 Objective of the trial | 
| E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial  | 
| The aim of this preliminary study is to prospectively assess the efficacy of LDN as induction therapy in CD. | 
 
 
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| E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial  | 
•Proportion of patient in steroid free clinical remission defined as by an HBI score of ≤4 and complete tapering of systemic corticosteroids and endoscopic remission at week 12
 •Response defined by a decrease in HBI of ≥3 points compared to baseline and endoscopic response defined as a reduction of SES-CD score by ≥50% vs baseline at week 12
 •Changes in laboratory measures of inflammation (CRP, fecal calprotectin) 
 •Adverse events at every visit
 •Quality of life, via the disease specific and validated sIBDQ 
 •   Fatigue, via the FACIT-F and MFI 
 •   Anxiety, Depression, Sleepdisturbance, via the PROMIS NIH 
 •Healthcare costs and utilization, via WPAI-UC and EQ-5D questionnaire
 •PROM, via the IBD validated PRO2-tool 
 •Proportion of patients in corticosteroid free clinical remission
 •Response at week 24 and 52 
 
 | 
 
 
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| E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study  |  No  | 
| E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria  | 
•	Age 18 or older; must have the ability to understand and sign a written ICF, which must be obtained prior to initiation of study procedures.
 •	Diagnosis of Crohn’s disease ≥3 months before screening. 
 •	Objective evidence of inflammation at baseline as defined by endoscopy with mucosal ulcers in the ileum or colon or both, and a SES-CD score of 3-15. 
 •	Concurrent therapies with stable doses of azathioprine, mercaptopurine, MTX or steroids (prednisolone ≤30 mg/dl or budesonide ≤9 mg per day) are permitted. Tapering of corticosteroids is mandatory.
 
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| E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria | 
•	Current use of i.v. corticosteroids.
 •	Imminent need for in-hospital treatment.
 •	Pregnancy or lactation.
 •	Previous or current treatment with investigational drug; current or past treatment within 6 months prior to randomization with a biological agent.
 •	Stool sample positive for Clostridium difficile (C. diff) toxin, pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella species (spp), Shigella spp, Campylobacter spp, or Yersinia spp.
 •	Other significant illnesses that may interfere with the study, stricture causing obstructive symptoms, or fistulising disease complicated by infection,
 •	Opiates use or drugs and/or alcohol abuse.
 
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| E.5 End points | 
| E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) | 
| •Endoscopic remission at week 12 defined as SES-CD ≤4 and ulcerated surface subscore ≤1 in all five segments  | 
 
 
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| E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point | 
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| E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) | 
•Proportion of patient in steroid free clinical remission defined as by an HBI score of ≤4 and complete tapering of systemic corticosteroids and endoscopic remission at week 12
 •Response defined by a decrease in HBI of ≥3 points compared to baseline and endoscopic response defined as a reduction of SES-CD score by ≥50% vs baseline at week 12
 •Changes in laboratory measures of inflammation (CRP, fecal calprotectin) 
 •Adverse events at every visit
 •Quality of life, via the disease specific and validated sIBDQ 
 •   Fatigue, via the FACIT-F and MFI 
 •   Anxiety, Depression, Sleepdisturbance, via the PROMIS NIH 
 •Healthcare costs and utilization, via WPAI-UC and EQ-5D questionnaire
 •PROM, via the IBD validated PRO2-tool 
 •Proportion of patients in corticosteroid free clinical remission
 •Response at week 24 and 52 
 
 | 
 
 
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| E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point | 
| week 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 52 | 
 
 
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| E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial | 
| E.6 | Scope of the trial | 
| E.6.1 | Diagnosis |  No  | 
| E.6.2 | Prophylaxis |  No  | 
| E.6.3 | Therapy |  Yes  | 
| E.6.4 | Safety |  Yes  | 
| E.6.5 | Efficacy |  Yes  | 
| E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic |  No  | 
| E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic |  No  | 
| E.6.8 | Bioequivalence |  No  | 
| E.6.9 | Dose response |  No  | 
| E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic |  No  | 
| E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic |  No  | 
| E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic |  No  | 
| E.6.13 | Others |  No  | 
| E.7 | Trial type and phase | 
| E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) |  No  | 
| E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans |  No  | 
| E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study |  No  | 
| E.7.1.3 | Other |  No  | 
| E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description |  | 
| E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) |  Yes  | 
| E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) |  No  | 
| E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) |  No  | 
| E.8 Design of the trial | 
| E.8.1 | Controlled |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.1 | Randomised |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.2 | Open |  No  | 
| E.8.1.3 | Single blind |  No  | 
| E.8.1.4 | Double blind  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.1.5 | Parallel group |  No  | 
| E.8.1.6 | Cross over  |  No  | 
| E.8.1.7 | Other |  No  | 
| E.8.2 |  Comparator of controlled trial | 
| E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) |  No  | 
| E.8.2.2 | Placebo  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.2.3 | Other |  No  | 
| E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 | 
| E.8.3 | 
                                The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
                             |  No  | 
| E.8.4 |  The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned  |  Yes  | 
| E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 6 | 
| E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States |  No  | 
| E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA | 
| E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA |  No  | 
| E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA |  No  | 
| E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee |  Yes  | 
| E.8.8 | 
                        Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
                        visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
                     | 
| Week 12 after induction phase and colonoscopy. Patients are allowed to participate in an open-label phase for maintenance until week 52 | 
 
 
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| E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 2 | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months |  | 
| E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days |  | 
| E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 2 |