E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
To evaluate the effects of once daily oral fenofibrate compared with placebo on clinically meaningful retinopathy progression over at least 3 years in adults with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and existing diabetic retinopathy |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Adult Type 1 diabetes with diabetic eye disease |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases [C18] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 21.1 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10012608 |
E.1.2 | Term | Diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004861 |
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E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
To determine that in 450 adults with T1D and diabetic eye disease, 3 years of treatment with once daily fenofibrate compared with placebo treatment will protect against clinically significant diabetic eye disease progression and deterioration of other measures of ocular health, macular oedema, need for laser surgery, need for intra-ocular VEGF or corticosteroid therapy, or vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
To determine that once daily fenofibrate compared with placebo treatment will also: - benefit other clinical small vessel complications, including renal function, small artery elasticity, vascular resistance and nerve function, and prevent cardiovascular events - favourably affect vascular risk biomarkers in relate to vascular complications in T1D |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
Participants meeting all of the following criteria will be considered for enrolment into the study: 1) Men or non-pregnant women (on acceptable contraception) with T1D* according to standard criteria; *T1D defined as either (1) T1D diagnosed below 40 years of age and insulin therapy commencing within one year of T1D diagnosis, or (2) T1D diagnosed before, at or after 40 years of age along with: i)Documented history of ketoacidosis, and/or ii)Documented history of very low or undetectable C-peptide (fasting <200 nmol/L or 0.2 pmol/L), and/or iii)Documented history of T1D related autoantibody/ies (anti-GAD, anti-A2, anti-ZnT8). 2) Age 18 years or over; 3) eGFR must exceed 30 ml/min/1.73m2; 4) Must have at least one eligible eye with non-proliferative retinopathy (ETDRS score 35-53 inclusive) confirmed by current retinal photography within the last 3 months (irrespective of prior laser therapy); Note: Any eye having undergone prior pan-retinal laser therapy is not eligible, but prior focal, macular or grid laser does not exclude that eye from eligibility. 5) All types of insulin therapy, with no restriction by level of HbA1c; 6) Willing and able to comply with all study requirements, including treatment, assessment and clinic visit attendances; 7) Able to personally read and understand the Participant Information and Consent Form and provide written, signed and dated informed consent to participate in study.
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
1) Definite indication for or contraindications to fibrate treatment (Other lipid drugs [e.g. statins, ezetimibe, fish oils] are allowed.); 2) Need for bilateral intra-ocular treatment or laser photocoagulation therapy within the next 3 months; (this exclusion only applies to retinal laser photocoagulation treatment onto the posterior pole i.e. laser correction of corneas for short-sightedness is NOT an exclusion criterion); 3) Prior bilateral pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) treatment for diabetic retinopathy; 4) Prior bilateral intra-ocular injection(s) within the last 6 months; 5) Bilateral cataract surgery within the last 6 months; 6) Planned bilateral cataract surgery within the next 12 months; 7) History of any other non-diabetic eye disease that is or is likely to affect bilateral vision; 8) History of photosensitive skin rash or myositis; 9) Abnormal thyroid function (untreated); 10) Liver function tests exceeding 3xULN; 11) Persistent elevated unexplained blood CPK level above normal range; 12) Documented fasting TG levels >6.5 mmol/L; 13) History of pancreatitis, DVT or pulmonary embolism; 14) Use of investigational drugs in the prior 8 weeks; 15) Any unstable condition in last 3 months including active sepsis, diabetic ketoacidosis; 16) MI, unstable angina, stroke or heart failure within last 6 months; 17) Diagnosed cancer with ongoing treatment or prognosis anticipated at <5 years; 18) Any obstacle to regular follow-up including scheduled clinic attendances; 19) Prior or planned organ transplantation (including islet cell) with subsequent continued immunosuppression therapy.
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
The occurrence of clinically significant retinopathy progression – defined as comprising 2-step progression of ETDRS score (to at least moderately severe grade) as assessed by masked adjudication, occurrence of clinically significant macular oedema (CSME – assessment of [masked] ophthalmologist), need for laser surgery, need for intraocular anti-VEGF or corticosteroid therapy or vitrectomy adjudicated to be for retinopathy. |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
2-step progression of ETDRS score will be assessed based on annual retinal photography; Occurrence of clinically significant macular oedema will be assessed based on annual OCT and/or events reported on the outcome form during the 3-6 monthly follow up visits; Need for laser surgery, or intraocular anti-VEGF or corticosteroid therapy or vitrectomy will be reported on the outcome form during the 3-6 monthly follow up visits. |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
1) The individual components of the primary endpoint; 2) Visual Acuity (VA); 3) Retinal vessel calibre and geometry; 4) Macular volume and thickness by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT); 5) Urine albumin:creatinine ratio [ACR]; 6) eGFR (measured 8 weeks after treatment withdrawal); 7) Measures of peripheral neuropathy (symptoms, monofilament testing, vibration and temperature sensation; 8) Autonomic neuropathy: QTc and RR intervals on yearly ECGs; 9) Total cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction (including silent MI by ECGs), stroke, sudden cardiac death, hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome or any revascularization requirement; 10) Frequency of foot ulcer and non-traumatic amputation;
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
Same as primary end points for the individual components of the primary endpoint. Others end points either to be assessed on annual follow up assessments or to be reported on the CRF during the 3-6 monthly follow up visits.
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | No |
E.6.4 | Safety | Yes |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | Yes |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes |
E.8.1.2 | Open | No |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | Yes |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Yes |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | Yes |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| Yes |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | No |
E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 1 |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | No |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | Yes |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.6.3 | If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned |
Australia |
Hong Kong |
New Zealand |
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E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 3 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 1 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 31 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 3 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 2 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 31 |