E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Improvement of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Heart and blood vessel disease Kidney disease |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Cardiovascular Diseases [C14] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
To determine whether low dose rivaroxaban (2.5mg twice daily), compared to placebo, significantly reduces the risk of a composite outcome of Cardio vascular (CV) death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or peripheral arterial disease events, in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4 or 5 or dialysis-dependent kidney failure, and an elevated CV risk |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
To determine whether, in people with CKD stages 4 or 5 kidney failure or dialysis and an elevated CV risk, low dose rivaroxaban compared to placebo reduces the risk of CV death, all cause death risk, risk of individual components of composite outcomes, and risk of venous thromboembolism. |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | Yes |
E.2.3.1 | Full title, date and version of each sub-study and their related objectives |
TRACK - French Ancillay Study (FRANCE ONLY) We will measure a) plasma PTX2, a novel partner for FX and b) plasma concentrations of the innovative antagonist of TGF-β signaling (CD109). We will also evaluate their association with Mineralocorticoid-receptordependent NGAL and galectin-3 fibrotic biomarkers (which role is being studied in depth by Inserm U1116 including P. Rossignol). |
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E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
1. Age ≥18 years, 2. Kidney failure on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, or CKD stage 4 or 5 (eGFR ≤29 mL/min/1.73 m2) not receiving renal replacement therapy, 3. Elevated CV risk, defined by at least one of the following: a. History of CAD or PAD or non-haemorrhagic non-lacunar stroke, or b. Diabetes mellitus, or c. Age ≥65 years. |
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
1. Mechanical/prosthetic heart valve (does not include bioprosthetic valves that do not require therapeutic anticoagulation), 2. Indication for, or contraindication to, anticoagulant therapy, 3. High bleeding risk including any coagulopathy, 4. Lesion or condition considered to be a significant risk of major bleeding, 5. Major bleeding episode in the 30 days prior to study enrolment, or any active and clinically significant bleeding, 6. Current treatment with P2Y12 inhibitors/adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor inhibitors (clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, cangrelor) or phosphodiesterase inhibitors (dipyridamole), where the treating physician or patient does not wish to stop these medications, 7. Concurrent treatment with strong inhibitors of combined CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein; or strong inducers of CYP3A4, 8. Any stroke within 1 month prior to enrolment, 9. Any previous history of a haemorrhagic or lacunar stroke, 10. Severe heart failure with known ejection fraction <30% or NYHA class III or IV symptoms, 11. History of hypersensitivity or known contraindication to rivaroxaban, 12. Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP ≥180 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥110 mm Hg) at the time of screening, 13. Haemoglobin <90 g/L, or platelet count <100 x 109/L, 14. Significant liver disease (defined as Child-Pugh Class B or C) or ALT >3 times upper normal limit, 15. Kidney transplant recipients with a functioning allograft, or scheduled for living-donor kidney transplant surgery, 16. All countries except Europe: Pregnancy or intention to become pregnant or breast-feeding; Europe only: Women who are not in a postmenopausal state, where postmenopausal is defined as no menses for 12 months without alternative medical causes, 17. Inability to understand or comply with the requirements of the study. |
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
The primary efficacy outcome is a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral artery disease event. |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
1. 3-point MACE (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or stroke), 2. All-cause death, 3. Composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or stroke, 4. Composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or stroke, or peripheral artery disease event, XML File Identifier: DVFg7GynzItyp0fYxDU9ITtN89M= Page 12/21 5. Individual components of the composite outcomes, 6. Net-clinical-benefit outcome (a composite outcome of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, PAD events, fatal bleeding, or symptomatic bleeding into a critical organ), 7. Venous thromboembolism. |
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | Yes |
E.6.4 | Safety | Yes |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | Yes |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes |
E.8.1.2 | Open | No |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | Yes |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Yes |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | Yes |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| Yes |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | No |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | Yes |
E.8.5.1 | Number of sites anticipated in the EEA | 22 |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | Yes |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.6.3 | If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned |
Australia |
Canada |
India |
Malaysia |
Saudi Arabia |
Singapore |
Taiwan |
Tunisia |
France |
Germany |
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E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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This is an event-driven trial. The trial will continue until a total of 515 participants experience a primary endpoint event. The expected maximum duration of follow-up will be approximately 5 years from the recruitment of the first participant. All participants will remain in the trial even if they permanently discontinue the study medication or commence dialysis therapy or change the dialysis modality (except where the participant withdraws consent) or undergo kidney transplantation. |
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 3 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 5 |