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    Clinical Trial Results:
    The effect of early administered cineole on the course of a common cold

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2020-000860-51
    Trial protocol
    DE  
    Global end of trial date
    19 May 2021

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    30 Nov 2022
    First version publication date
    30 Nov 2022
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CASK0120
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Cassella-med GmbH & Co. KG
    Sponsor organisation address
    Gereonsmühlengasse 1, Cologne, Germany, 50670
    Public contact
    Global Scientific Development & Clinical Operations, Cassella-med GmbH & Co. KG, +49 2211652565, clinical.operations@klosterfrau.de
    Scientific contact
    Global Scientific Development & Clinical Operations, Cassella-med GmbH & Co. KG, +49 2211652565, clinical.operations@klosterfrau.de
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    07 Jul 2021
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    19 May 2021
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    19 May 2021
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The objective of this clinical trial is to investigate the relation between timing of treatment onset with cineole and course of a common cold with or without acute bronchitis.
    Protection of trial subjects
    A SARS-CoV-2 test was performed at visit 2 to exclude Covid-19 positiv patients from participation at the study. Despite this, in the event of fever and / or profound / protracted pain the patients were allowed to use rescue medication (paracetamol 500 mg).
    Background therapy
    Not applicable.
    Evidence for comparator
    As this trial aimed to investigate the relation between the timing of treatment onset with cineole and the course of a common cold with or without acute bronchitis, there was no treatment concurrent control or active comparator concurrent control.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    17 Sep 2020
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 522
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    522
    EEA total number of subjects
    522
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    505
    From 65 to 84 years
    17
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The subjects were recruited in 25 practices of general practitioners, otolaryngologists and specialists in internal medicine throughout Germany from 17th September 2020 until 19th May 2021.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Adult outpatients recollecting having at least 1 common cold in the last winter season were eligible for study participation if they meet all of the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Screening phase
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Screening Phase
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    No intervention

    Investigational medicinal product name
    No investigational medicinal product assigned in this arm
    Number of subjects in period 1
    Screening Phase
    Started
    522
    Completed
    522
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Illness phase
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Onset of symptoms
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    No intervention

    Investigational medicinal product name
    No investigational medicinal product assigned in this arm
    Number of subjects in period 2 [1]
    Onset of symptoms
    Started
    329
    Completed
    329
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
    Justification: Not all patients fulfilled the criteria to enter the next period.
    Period 3
    Period 3 title
    Treatment phase
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes [2]
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    ≤12 h
    Arm description
    Time to treatment stratum ≤12 h
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Soledum® forte capsules
    Investigational medicinal product code
    R05CA13
    Other name
    German original name: Soledum® Kapseln forte
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Gastro-resistant capsule, soft
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The IMP will be administered at home three times a day (morning, noon, evening, t.i.d.: 3x1 capsules). Treatment starts on the day of Visit 2 (Day 1) at the trial site and ends on the day of Visit 4 (Day 15±2) at home. Subjects, who recover from common cold before Visit 4, may terminate the administration of the IMP, once the first 10 WURSS-11 questions were rated by the subject “0” on two consecutive assessments in the eDiary. On Day 1 (start of treatment), the IMP will be administered once (1x1 capsule), twice (2x1 capsule) or three times (3x1 capsule) by the subject depending on the time of Visit 2. On the day of Visit 4 (Day 15±2), the IMP will only be administered once in the morning (1x1 capsule, last dose). IMP has to be swallowed unchewed with sufficient fluid (preferably one glass of water [200 mL]), but no hot beverage, approximately half an hour before a meal. Subjects with a sensitive stomach are recommended to take the IMP during their regular meals.

    Arm title
    >12 to 24 h
    Arm description
    Time to treatment stratum >12 to 24 h
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Soledum® forte capsules
    Investigational medicinal product code
    R05CA13
    Other name
    German original name: Soledum® Kapseln forte
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Gastro-resistant capsule, soft
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The IMP will be administered at home three times a day (morning, noon, evening, t.i.d.: 3x1 capsules). Treatment starts on the day of Visit 2 (Day 1) at the trial site and ends on the day of Visit 4 (Day 15±2) at home. Subjects, who recover from common cold before Visit 4, may terminate the administration of the IMP, once the first 10 WURSS-11 questions were rated by the subject “0” on two consecutive assessments in the eDiary. On Day 1 (start of treatment), the IMP will be administered once (1x1 capsule), twice (2x1 capsule) or three times (3x1 capsule) by the subject depending on the time of Visit 2. On the day of Visit 4 (Day 15±2), the IMP will only be administered once in the morning (1x1 capsule, last dose). IMP has to be swallowed unchewed with sufficient fluid (preferably one glass of water [200 mL]), but no hot beverage, approximately half an hour before a meal. Subjects with a sensitive stomach are recommended to take the IMP during their regular meals.

    Arm title
    >24 h
    Arm description
    Time to treatment stratum >24 h
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Soledum® forte capsules
    Investigational medicinal product code
    R05CA13
    Other name
    German original name: Soledum® Kapseln forte
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Gastro-resistant capsule, soft
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The IMP will be administered at home three times a day (morning, noon, evening, t.i.d.: 3x1 capsules). Treatment starts on the day of Visit 2 (Day 1) at the trial site and ends on the day of Visit 4 (Day 15±2) at home. Subjects, who recover from common cold before Visit 4, may terminate the administration of the IMP, once the first 10 WURSS-11 questions were rated by the subject “0” on two consecutive assessments in the eDiary. On Day 1 (start of treatment), the IMP will be administered once (1x1 capsule), twice (2x1 capsule) or three times (3x1 capsule) by the subject depending on the time of Visit 2. On the day of Visit 4 (Day 15±2), the IMP will only be administered once in the morning (1x1 capsule, last dose). IMP has to be swallowed unchewed with sufficient fluid (preferably one glass of water [200 mL]), but no hot beverage, approximately half an hour before a meal. Subjects with a sensitive stomach are recommended to take the IMP during their regular meals.

    Notes
    [2] - Period 1 is not the baseline period. It is expected that period 1 will be the baseline period.
    Justification: Period 1 is the screening phase and therefore not the baseline period.
    Number of subjects in period 3 [3] [4]
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h >24 h
    Started
    122
    88
    98
    Completed
    122
    88
    98
    Notes
    [3] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: The enrolled patients were first in the screening phase and only a part of them became ill and enterd the baseline period.
    [4] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
    Justification: Not all patients fulfilled the criteria to enter the next period.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    ≤12 h
    Reporting group description
    Time to treatment stratum ≤12 h

    Reporting group title
    >12 to 24 h
    Reporting group description
    Time to treatment stratum >12 to 24 h

    Reporting group title
    >24 h
    Reporting group description
    Time to treatment stratum >24 h

    Reporting group values
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h >24 h Total
    Number of subjects
    122 88 98 308
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    0
        From 65-84 years
    0
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    37.9 (18 to 70) 38.4 (18 to 69) 39.8 (18 to 69) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    86 52 53 191
        Male
    36 36 45 117
    Smoking status
    Units: Subjects
        Non-smoker
    87 64 73 224
        Ex-smoker
    13 0 5 18
        Smoker
    22 24 20 66
    Working status
    Units: Subjects
        (Self-) employed
    94 66 79 239
        Not employed
    12 11 4 27
        Student
    16 11 15 42
    Influenza vaccination for the coming/current winter season
    Units: Subjects
        No
    98 72 87 257
        Yes
    24 16 11 51
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        Caucasian (white)
    120 85 98 303
        Black
    1 2 0 3
        Other
    1 1 0 2
    Alcohol consumption
    Units: Subjects
        None
    90 72 66 228
        Low level consumption
    15 6 7 28
        Substantial consumption
    17 10 25 52
    Common cold episodes during previous winter
    September to March (number)
    Units: number
        median (full range (min-max))
    2.0 (1 to 7) 2.0 (1 to 10) 2.0 (1 to 5) -
    Baseline WURSS score
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    27.31 (3.0 to 57.0) 29.30 (6.0 to 54.0) 26.80 (4.0 to 53.0) -
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    mITT
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Modified intention-to-treat set (mITT) comprised all subjects: • who received at least 4 IMP doses within the first 4 days after Visit 2 with maximum one day without treatment; • who provided at least 5 valid WURSS-11 assessments within the first 7 days after symptom onset with a maximum of 2 days without assessment; • without intake of antibiotics after start of IMP treatment due to symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infections. The mITT was used for the identification of potential confounders and for the evaluation of primary and secondary endpoints in a more “real-life” setting.

    Subject analysis set title
    SAF
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Safety Set (SAF) included all subjects, who received at least one dose of the IMP. The SAF was used for analysis of safety and tolerability.

    Subject analysis sets values
    mITT SAF
    Number of subjects
    308
    329
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
        Newborns (0-27 days)
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
        Children (2-11 years)
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
        85 years and over
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    38.7 (18 to 70)
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    191
        Male
    117
    Smoking status
    Units: Subjects
        Non-smoker
    224
        Ex-smoker
    18
        Smoker
    66
    Working status
    Units: Subjects
        (Self-) employed
    239
        Not employed
    27
        Student
    42
    Influenza vaccination for the coming/current winter season
    Units: Subjects
        No
    257
        Yes
    51
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        Caucasian (white)
        Black
        Other
    Alcohol consumption
    Units: Subjects
        None
        Low level consumption
        Substantial consumption
    Common cold episodes during previous winter
    September to March (number)
    Units: number
        median (full range (min-max))
    2.0 (1 to 10)
    Baseline WURSS score
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (full range (min-max))
    27.71 (3.0 to 57.0)

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Screening Phase
    Reporting group description
    -
    Reporting group title
    Onset of symptoms
    Reporting group description
    -
    Reporting group title
    ≤12 h
    Reporting group description
    Time to treatment stratum ≤12 h

    Reporting group title
    >12 to 24 h
    Reporting group description
    Time to treatment stratum >12 to 24 h

    Reporting group title
    >24 h
    Reporting group description
    Time to treatment stratum >24 h

    Subject analysis set title
    mITT
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Modified intention-to-treat set (mITT) comprised all subjects: • who received at least 4 IMP doses within the first 4 days after Visit 2 with maximum one day without treatment; • who provided at least 5 valid WURSS-11 assessments within the first 7 days after symptom onset with a maximum of 2 days without assessment; • without intake of antibiotics after start of IMP treatment due to symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infections. The mITT was used for the identification of potential confounders and for the evaluation of primary and secondary endpoints in a more “real-life” setting.

    Subject analysis set title
    SAF
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Safety Set (SAF) included all subjects, who received at least one dose of the IMP. The SAF was used for analysis of safety and tolerability.

    Primary: Area under the curve global symptom severity curve (AUC-WURSS) - LS Means

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    End point title
    Area under the curve global symptom severity curve (AUC-WURSS) - LS Means
    End point description
    The primary efficacy endpoint was the Area under the curve global symptom severity (AUC-WURSS) using the primary efficacy variable subject-reported outcome WURSS-11. The derivation of AUC-WURSS was based on mean daily total WURSS-11 scores, which were derived by averaging evening assessment of considered symptom day and morning assessment of the subsequent day separately for each item. If only one of both assessments was available, this assessment was used as mean item score for a symptom day. The mean item scores for questions 2 to 10 (daily single item scores) were then summed up to the mean total score of a day. Imputation of missing data was performed up to (estimated) day of recovery.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    The mean daily total scores (imputed) were summed up from Symptom Day 1 to Symptom Day 17 using trapezoidal approximation, which corresponds to a time frame of common cold onset to treatment day 15 (assuming treatment starts on Symptom Day 3
    End point values
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h >24 h
    Number of subjects analysed
    122
    88
    98
    Units: AUC
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    143.1 (117.7 to 168.5)
    181.6 (152.5 to 210.8)
    232.0 (203.4 to 260.5)
    Statistical analysis title
    GLM model
    Statistical analysis description
    Model contains time-to-treatment stratum, previous influenza vaccination, alcohol consumption, working status and categorized baseline WURSS-11 score.
    Comparison groups
    ≤12 h v >12 to 24 h v >24 h
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    308
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.0001 [1]
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [1] - Effect time to treatment stratum.

    Primary: Area under the curve global symptom severity curve (AUC-WURSS) LS means difference

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    End point title
    Area under the curve global symptom severity curve (AUC-WURSS) LS means difference [2] [3]
    End point description
    Below the LS means difference were presented.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    The mean daily total scores (imputed) were summed up from Symptom Day 1 to Symptom Day 17 using trapezoidal approximation, which corresponds to a time frame of common cold onset to treatment day 15 (assuming treatment starts on Symptom Day 3).
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: It is the same statistical analysis as for the other primary endpoint.
    [3] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: This is due to the LS means difference. The results show the difference to the third arm.
    End point values
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h
    Number of subjects analysed
    122
    88
    Units: AUC LS means differnence
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    -88.9 (-118.0 to -59.8)
    -50.3 (-82.0 to -18.7)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Course of mean daily total score:

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    End point title
    Course of mean daily total score:
    End point description
    Mean daily total scores were derived per Symptom Day as described for the primary efficacy endpoint and were analysed per symptom day. Due to abundance of data for this secondary endpoint only the data of first symptom day is presented, data for all symptome days are presented in the enclosed graph in the attachment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Course of mean daily total scores from common cold onset to end-of-trial.
    End point values
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h >24 h
    Number of subjects analysed
    122
    88
    98
    Units: WURSS-11 mean daily total score
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    27.61 (25.73 to 29.49)
    28.87 (26.67 to 31.07)
    28.65 (26.55 to 30.76)
    Attachments
    MMRM Model 2 for WURSS-11 mean daily total score
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Course of mean daily QoL score

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    End point title
    Course of mean daily QoL score
    End point description
    Mean daily group scores were derived analogously to mean daily total score by considering only WURSS-11 questions 2 to 8 for the symptom domain (i.e., aggregated for nasal, throat and item feeling tired) and WURSS-11 questions 9 and 10 for the QoL domain. Due to the abundance of data only the data of first symptom day is presented, all symptomeday data is presented in the enclosed graph in the attachment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Course of mean daily QoL scores from common cold onset to end-of-trial.
    End point values
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h >24 h
    Number of subjects analysed
    122
    88
    98
    Units: Scores
        least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
    6.07 (5.49 to 6.65)
    6.03 (5.35 to 6.72)
    6.23 (5.57 to 6.88)
    Attachments
    MMRM Model 2 for WURSS-11 mean daily QoL Score
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Time to remission

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    End point title
    Time to remission
    End point description
    Remission was considered as present, if daily single item score of WURSS-11 question 1 was ≤1 together with only one symptom scored ≤3 and all other symptoms scored 0 of the considered day based on corresponding single item scores. Time to remission was then defined as the symptom day of first documented remission. A subject was censored at the time of last measurement if no remission was observed before.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From common cold onset to end-of-trial.
    End point values
    ≤12 h >12 to 24 h >24 h mITT
    Number of subjects analysed
    122
    88
    98
    308
    Units: Time to remission (days)
        median (full range (min-max))
    9.0 (3 to 18)
    10.0 (6 to 18)
    11.0 (5 to 18)
    10.0 (3 to 18)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Incidence of AEs - related, not related to IMP

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    End point title
    Incidence of AEs - related, not related to IMP
    End point description
    The number of AEs and the number and percentage of subjects with at least one AE were tabulated by MedDRA system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Start of IMP intake at visit 2, ends at last study visit per subject. If the investigator becomes aware of an AE up to one week after the administration of the last IMP / rescue medication intake this has also to be documented.
    End point values
    SAF
    Number of subjects analysed
    329
    Units: Numnber of AEs
    number (not applicable)
        Related
    17
        Not related
    8
        Total
    25
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information [1]
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    AE recording started after first IMP administration and ended at last trial visit per subject, related AEs 1 week after last intake. Not recovered AEs were to be followed up until resolved or stabilized so that no further improvement could be expected.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    At each visit, the investigator assessed by asking an open standard question (Have anything changed in your state of health since you last came to see me?) if any AEs (non-serious and serious) had occurred. Any AEs, spontaneously reported by the subject or by the subject’s relatives/delegates or observed by the investigator were to be recorded.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    23.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Safety Set
    Reporting group description
    Safety set (SAF) included all subjects, who received at least one dose of the IMP. The SAF was used for analysis of safety and tolerability.

    Serious adverse events
    Safety Set
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 329 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Safety Set
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 329 (0.00%)
    Notes
    [1] - There are no non-serious adverse events recorded for these results. It is expected that there will be at least one non-serious adverse event reported.
    Justification: The threshold to report non-serious adverse events is 5%. None of the non-serious AEs had a frequency of of 5% or more.

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    18 Nov 2020
    Amendment 1 introduced the rapid antigen SARS-CoV-2 test as alternative to the PCR test. During the trial, new test methods for SARS-CoV-2 had been established, i.e., an antigen rapid test became commercially available on the market. To allow the sites also to use this antigen rapid test as an alternative to the already implemented PCR-test, this protocol amendment became necessary. The sites could use either the PCR test or the antigen rapid test. The advantage of the antigen rapid test was, that the result was available within a couple of minutes and a decision of exclusion of subject from further trial participation could be made immediately. Furthermore, the currently limited test capacities for PCR test were not blocked for trial purposes. This change was considered as a substantial change to the protocol. In parallel, some other minor protocol specifications were also changed (non-substantial).

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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