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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase 4, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Parallel-Group Study of the Effect of Dupilumab on Sleep Disturbance in Patients with Uncontrolled Persistent Asthma (Dupilumab Asthma Sleep Study MORPHEO)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2020-001217-20
    Trial protocol
    DE   GB   NL   PT   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    10 Nov 2023

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    23 Nov 2024
    First version publication date
    23 Nov 2024
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    LPS16677
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT04502862
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    U1111-1249-6054
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Sanofi aventis recherche & développement
    Sponsor organisation address
    1 avenue Pierre Brossolette,, Chilly-Mazarin, France, 91380
    Public contact
    Trial Transparency Team, Sanofi aventis recherche & développement, Contact-US@sanofi.com
    Scientific contact
    Trial Transparency Team, Sanofi aventis recherche & développement, Contact-US@sanofi.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 Nov 2023
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    10 Nov 2023
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess the effect of dupilumab on sleep.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Participants were fully informed of all pertinent aspects of clinical trial as well as the possibility to discontinue at any time in language and terms appropriate for the participant and considering the local culture. During the course of the trial, participants were provided with individual participant cards indicating the nature of the trial the participant is participating, contact details and any information needed in the event of a medical emergency. Collected personal data and human biological samples were processed in compliance with the Sanofi-Aventis Group Personal Data Protection Charter ensuring that the Group abides by the laws governing personal data protection in force in all countries in which it operates.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    10 Aug 2020
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 27
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 20
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Netherlands: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Portugal: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 29
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Ukraine: 37
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 52
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    202
    EEA total number of subjects
    44
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    196
    From 65 to 84 years
    6
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The study was conducted at 52 centers in 11 countries. A total of 397 participants were screened between 10 August 2020 to 30 May 2023, of which 195 participants were screen failures. Screen failures were mainly due to not meeting the eligibility criteria.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    A total of 202 participants were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive dupilumab or matching placebo every 2 weeks (Q2W) for 12 weeks.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Carer

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W
    Arm description
    Participants received a loading dose of 400 milligrams (mg) of dupilumab (2 injections × 200 mg) subcutaneous (SC) on Day 1, followed by 200 mg Q2W for 12 weeks.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Dupilumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    SAR231893
    Other name
    Dupixent
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Dupilumab 200 mg was provided as a 175 mg/mL dupilumab solution in a prefilled syringe to deliver 200 mg in 1.14 milliliter (mL). It was administered as SC injection with initial loading dose of 400 mg of dupilumab (2 injections × 200 mg) on Day1, followed by 200 mg Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Participants received an initial loading dose of matching placebo (2 injections of placebo) SC on Day 1, followed by 1 injection of placebo Q2W for 12 weeks.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Placebo matching dupilumab 200 mg was supplied as an identical formulation to the active 200 mg formulation without dupilumab, in a prefilled syringe to deliver placebo in 1.14 mL. It was administered as SC injection with an initial loading dose of matching placebo (2 injections of placebo) on Day 1, followed by 1 injection of placebo Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Started
    101
    101
    Randomized and treated
    100
    101
    Completed
    95
    94
    Not completed
    6
    7
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
    -
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
    1
         Not Related to COVID-19 pandemic
    4
    6

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W
    Reporting group description
    Participants received a loading dose of 400 milligrams (mg) of dupilumab (2 injections × 200 mg) subcutaneous (SC) on Day 1, followed by 200 mg Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants received an initial loading dose of matching placebo (2 injections of placebo) SC on Day 1, followed by 1 injection of placebo Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Reporting group values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    101 101 202
    Age categorical
    Units:
        Adults (18-64 years)
    97 99 196
        From 65-84 years
    4 2 6
    Age Continuous
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    46.9 ( 12.63 ) 46.6 ( 12.71 ) -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Participants
        Female
    68 76 144
        Male
    33 25 58
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    0 0 0
        Asian
    4 3 7
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 1 1
        Black or African American
    4 4 8
        White
    92 92 184
        More than one race
    1 0 1
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0 1 1
    Sleep Disturbance Score
    Sleep disturbance score was assessed by ASDQ. Participants recorded severity of disturbance of sleep due to asthma as: 0 = slept through night, no asthma symptoms; 1 = slept well, no night time awakenings because of asthma, but some asthma symptoms in the morning; 2 = woke up once because of asthma; 3 = woke up several times because of asthma and 4 = bad night, awake most of the night because of asthma. Total scores range:0 (no impact of asthma on sleep) and 4 (higher impact of asthma on sleep). Higher scores=worse outcomes.Only those participants with data available at baseline are reported.
    Units: Score on a scale
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.89 ( 0.769 ) 1.83 ( 0.754 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W
    Reporting group description
    Participants received a loading dose of 400 milligrams (mg) of dupilumab (2 injections × 200 mg) subcutaneous (SC) on Day 1, followed by 200 mg Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants received an initial loading dose of matching placebo (2 injections of placebo) SC on Day 1, followed by 1 injection of placebo Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Subject analysis set title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W (ITT for primary endpoint [ITTp])
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    Participants received a loading dose of 400 mg of dupilumab (2 injections × 200 mg) SC on Day 1, followed by 200 mg Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Subject analysis set title
    Placebo (ITTp)
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    Participants received an initial loading dose of matching placebo (2 injections of placebo) SC on Day 1, followed by 1 injection of placebo Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Primary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Sleep Disturbance Score Using the Asthma Sleep Disturbance Questionnaire (ASDQ)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Sleep Disturbance Score Using the Asthma Sleep Disturbance Questionnaire (ASDQ)
    End point description
    ASDQ is participant-reported outcome (PRO) measure where participants recorded severity of disturbance of sleep due to asthma in an electronic diary, once a day upon awakening,as:0=slept through the night,no asthma symptoms;1=slept well,no night time awakenings because of asthma,but some asthma symptoms in morning;2= woke up once because of asthma (may/may not include early awakening);3=woke up several times because of asthma (may or may not include early awakening) and 4=bad night, awake most of the night because of asthma.Total scores=0(no impact of asthma on sleep) to 4 (higher impact of asthma on sleep). Higher scores=worse outcomes.Baseline=averaging data collected/recorded from Day -6 to Day 1. ITTp analysis set=all ITT participants excluding those who used original version of sleep disturbance questionnaire at baseline and/or post-baseline included in MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W (ITT for primary endpoint [ITTp]) Placebo (ITTp)
    Number of subjects analysed
    94
    93
    Units: Score on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -0.88 ( 0.077 )
    -0.81 ( 0.077 )
    Statistical analysis title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W (ITTp) versus Placebo (ITTp)
    Statistical analysis description
    The MMRM model included study intervention, age, body mass index (BMI), region (Eastern Europe, rest of world [ROW]), inhaled corticosteroids [ICS] dose level at baseline (ICS dose level medium, ICS dose level high), visit (up to Week 12), study intervention-by-visit interaction, baseline asthma control questionnaire (ACQ-5), baseline sleep disturbance score and baseline-by-visit interaction as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W (ITT for primary endpoint [ITTp]) v Placebo (ITTp)
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    187
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.512 [1]
    Method
    MMRM
    Parameter type
    Least square mean difference
    Point estimate
    -0.07
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -0.28
         upper limit
    0.14
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    0.107
    Notes
    [1] - A hierarchical testing procedure was used to control type I error and handle primary and first 2 secondary endpoints (reported sequentially) analyses at a 2-sided significance level of 0.05.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 on the Number of Nocturnal Awakenings (Sleep Diary)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 on the Number of Nocturnal Awakenings (Sleep Diary)
    End point description
    Sleep diary is used to assess adult sleep disturbance due to asthma. Number of nocturnal awakenings was determined based on answer on question from sleep diary: “Approximately how many times did you wake up last night (not including when you woke up for the day today)?” Baseline was calculated by averaging the data collected/recorded from Day -6 to Day 1. The ITT analysis set consisted of all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    98
    98
    Units: Number of nocturnal awakenings
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -0.71 ( 0.080 )
    -0.71 ( 0.080 )
    Statistical analysis title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W versus Placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    The MMRM model included study intervention, age, BMI, region (Eastern Europe, ROW), ICS dose level at baseline (ICS dose level medium, ICS dose level high), visit (up to Week 12), study intervention-by-visit interaction, baseline ACQ-5, baseline number of nocturnal awakenings and baseline-by-visit interaction as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    196
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.967 [2]
    Method
    MMRM
    Parameter type
    Least square mean difference
    Point estimate
    0
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -0.21
         upper limit
    0.22
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    0.11
    Notes
    [2] - A hierarchical testing procedure was used to control type I error and handle primary and first 2 secondary endpoints (reported sequentially) analyses at a 2-sided significance level of 0.05.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Restorative Sleep (Sleep Diary)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Restorative Sleep (Sleep Diary)
    End point description
    Sleep Diary is used to assess adult sleep disturbance due to asthma. Question about restorative sleep asks participants to recall “when they got up for the day today”. Restorative sleep was assessed on a 11-point scale which ranged from 0 (worst possible sleep) to 10 (best possible sleep); higher scores indicated better outcomes. Baseline was calculated by averaging the data collected/recorded from Day -6 to Day 1. The ITT analysis set consisted of all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    98
    98
    Units: Score on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    1.15 ( 0.152 )
    1.02 ( 0.152 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Sleep Quality (Sleep Diary)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Sleep Quality (Sleep Diary)
    End point description
    Sleep diary is used to assess adult sleep disturbance due to asthma. Sleep quality was assessed on a 11-point scale which ranged from 0 (worst possible sleep) to 10 (best possible sleep); higher scores indicated better outcomes. Baseline was calculated by averaging the data collected/recorded from Day -6 to Day 1. The ITT analysis set consisted of all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    98
    98
    Units: Score on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    1.14 ( 0.151 )
    0.97 ( 0.152 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep-Related Impairment 8a Scale

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep-Related Impairment 8a Scale
    End point description
    PROMIS sleep-related impairment eight-term 8a scale questionnaire focuses on self-reported perceptions of alertness,sleepiness,tiredness during usual waking hours,perceived functional impairments during wakefulness associated with sleep problems or impaired alertness.It assesses sleep-related impairment over past 7 days.Each item rated on 5-point scale(1=not at all;2=a little bit;3=somewhat;4=quite a bit;5=very much)with a raw score=8 to 40;higher scores=greater sleep impairment.PROMIS T-score is presented;rescales raw score into standardized score with mean:50 and standard deviation:10.Possible range for T-score=30 to 80;higher scores=greater severity of sleep impairment.Baseline=last available valid(non-missing)value upto and including day of first dose of investigational medicinal product(IMP).ITT analysis set=all randomized participants included in MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    97
    96
    Units: T-score
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -7.20 ( 0.624 )
    -6.51 ( 0.626 )
    Statistical analysis title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W versus Placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    The MMRM model included study intervention, age, BMI, region (Eastern Europe, ROW), ICS dose level at baseline (ICS dose level medium, ICS dose level high), visit (up to Week 12), study intervention-by-visit interaction, baseline ACQ-5, baseline PROMIS total score and baseline-by-visit interaction as covariates.
    Comparison groups
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    193
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    = 0.422 [3]
    Method
    MMRM
    Parameter type
    Least square mean difference
    Point estimate
    -0.7
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -2.4
         upper limit
    1.01
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    0.865
    Notes
    [3] - A hierarchical testing procedure was used to control type I error and handle primary and first 2 secondary endpoints (reported sequentially) analyses at a 2-sided significance level of 0.05.

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO) (Sleep Diary)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO) (Sleep Diary)
    End point description
    Sleep Diary is used to assess adult sleep disturbance due to asthma. WASO was calculated as time awake after initial sleep onset but before the final awakening. Baseline was calculated by averaging the data collected/recorded from Day -6 to Day 1. The ITT analysis set consisted of all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    98
    98
    Units: Minutes
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -30.58 ( 3.945 )
    -26.48 ( 3.962 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in WASO Based on Actigraphy Data

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in WASO Based on Actigraphy Data
    End point description
    Wrist actigraphy is a procedure that records and integrates occurrence and degree of limb movement activity over an extended recording period. The signals generated by wrist movement are sensed by a tiny microcomputer contained within watch and translated into activity counts. Algorithms have been developed to translate these activity counts or “epochs” (or “periods”) that correspond to times when a person is likely to be asleep or wake. Actigraph was worn on wrist of non-dominant hand to provide estimates of duration, timing and patterns of sleep in study participants. After watch data were scored by selected expert center, a number of summary measurements were generated, including WASO. Baseline was calculated by averaging the data collected/recorded from Day -6 to Day 1. The ITT analysis set consisted of all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    84
    92
    Units: Minutes
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -1.64 ( 2.286 )
    -1.17 ( 2.215 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Asthma Daytime Symptom Diary (ADSD)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Asthma Daytime Symptom Diary (ADSD)
    End point description
    ADSD is a PRO measure designed to measure asthma symptoms in adult and adolescent (12 years of age and older) participants diagnosed with mild to severe asthma. ADSD assesses asthma severity based on participant self-report of asthma core symptoms, i.e., difficulty breathing, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, chest pain, and cough. Participants were asked to complete the ADSD every night before they go to bed, thinking about their asthma symptoms today, from when they got up this morning until now. ADSD is composed of 6 items rated using an 11-point NRS that ranges from 0 = None to 10 = as bad as you can imagine. Total score was calculated by averaging all 6 items and therefore the score ranged from 0 to 10. Higher scores=worse outcomes. Baseline=average of the data from Day -7 to Day -1. ITT analysis set=all randomized participants included in MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -7 to Day -1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    71
    70
    Units: Score on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -1.78 ( 0.192 )
    -1.56 ( 0.193 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Asthma Nighttime Symptom Diary (ANSD)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Asthma Nighttime Symptom Diary (ANSD)
    End point description
    ANSD is a PRO measure designed to measure asthma symptoms in adult and adolescent (12 years of age and older) participants diagnosed with mild to severe asthma. ANSD assesses asthma severity based on participant self-report of asthma core symptoms, i.e., difficulty breathing, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, chest pain, and cough. Participants were asked to complete the ANSD when getting up, thinking about their asthma symptoms last night from when they went to bed until now. ANSD is composed of 6 items rated using an 11-point NRS that ranges from 0 = None to 10 = as bad as you can imagine. Higher scores indicated worse outcomes. Total score was calculated by averaging all 6 items and therefore the score ranged from 0 to 10. Baseline=average of the data from Day -6 to Day -1. ITT analysis set=all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day -6 to Day -1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    85
    85
    Units: Score on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -1.58 ( 0.178 )
    -1.36 ( 0.178 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Pre-Bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume (pre-BD FEV1)

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Pre-Bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume (pre-BD FEV1)
    End point description
    FEV1 was the volume of air exhaled in the first second of a forced expiration as measured by spirometer. For pre-BD FEV1, spirometry was performed before IMP administration and after withholding the standard of care asthma treatment which was verified before performing the measurements. Baseline was defined as the last available valid (non-missing) value up to and including the day of first dose of IMP. The ITT analysis set consisted of all randomized participants included in the MMRM model. Only those participants with data collected at baseline and at least one post-baseline until Week 12 are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline (Day 1) up to Week 12
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    100
    99
    Units: Liter
        least squares mean (standard error)
    0.49 ( 0.044 )
    0.27 ( 0.047 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Treatment-Emergent Serious Adverse Events (TESAEs), and Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events Of Special Interest (TEAESIs)

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    End point title
    Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Treatment-Emergent Serious Adverse Events (TESAEs), and Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events Of Special Interest (TEAESIs)
    End point description
    AE:untoward medical occurrence in participant or clinical study participant,temporally associated with use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to study intervention.TEAEs: AEs that developed or worsened or became serious during TEAE period,defined as time from first administration of IMP to last administration of IMP+98 days or until participant switches to commercialized dupilumab or other biologics. SAE: untoward medical occurrence that,at any dose:resulted in death,was life-threatening,required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization,resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity,was a congenital anomaly/birth defect,was a medically important event. AESI:AE scientific and medical concern specific to Sponsor’s product or program, for which ongoing monitoring and immediate notification by Investigator to Sponsor is required. Safety analysis set=all randomized participants who took at least 1 dose of study intervention.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From first dose of study drug (Day 1) up to 12 weeks after last dose of study drug, approximately 30 weeks
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    100
    101
    Units: Participants
        Any TEAE
    48
    46
        Any TESAE
    3
    3
        Any TEAESI
    0
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants With Potentially Clinically Significant Abnormalities (PCSA) in Vital Signs

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    End point title
    Number of Participants With Potentially Clinically Significant Abnormalities (PCSA) in Vital Signs
    End point description
    Vital signs included systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and weight. Criteria for PCSA: SBP: ≤95 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and decrease from baseline ≥20 mmHg, ≥160 mmHg and increase from baseline ≥20 mmHg; DBP: ≤45 mmHg and decrease from baseline ≥10 mmHg, ≥110 mmHg and increase from baseline ≥10 mmHg; HR: ≤50 beats per minute (bpm) and decrease from baseline ≥20 bpm, ≥120 bpm and increase from baseline ≥20 bpm; Weight: ≥5% increase from baseline, ≥5% decrease from baseline. Safety analysis set included all randomized participants who took at least 1 dose of study intervention.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From first dose of study drug (Day 1) up to 12 weeks after last dose of study drug, approximately 30 weeks
    End point values
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    100
    101
    Units: Participants
        SBP:≤95 mmHg, decrease from baseline ≥20 mmHg
    0
    1
        SBP: ≥160 mmHg and increase from baseline ≥20 mmHg
    1
    2
        DBP:≤45 mmHg and decrease from baseline ≥10 mmHg
    0
    0
        DBP: ≥110 mmHg and increase from baseline ≥10mmHg
    0
    0
        HR: ≤50 bpm and decrease from baseline ≥20 bpm
    0
    0
        HR: ≥120 bpm and increase from baseline ≥20 bpm
    0
    0
        Weight: ≥5% increase from baseline
    3
    6
        Weight: ≥5% decrease from baseline
    5
    4
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    TEAEs were collected from first dose of study drug (Day 1) up to 12 weeks after last dose of study drug, approximately 30 weeks. All-cause mortality (deaths) were collected from first dose of study drug (Day 1) up to end of study, approximately 39 months.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Analysis was performed on safety population.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    26.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants received an initial loading dose of matching placebo (2 injections of placebo) SC on Day 1, followed by 1 injection of placebo Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W
    Reporting group description
    Participants received a loading dose of 400 mg of dupilumab (2 injections × 200 mg) SC on Day 1, followed by 200mg Q2W for 12 weeks.

    Serious adverse events
    Placebo Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 101 (2.97%)
    3 / 100 (3.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 101 (0.00%)
    1 / 100 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tibia Fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 101 (0.00%)
    1 / 100 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Pancreatitis Acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 101 (0.99%)
    0 / 100 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 101 (0.00%)
    1 / 100 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Nephrolithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 101 (0.99%)
    0 / 100 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression Suicidal
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 101 (0.00%)
    1 / 100 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Suicide Attempt
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 101 (0.00%)
    1 / 100 (1.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Urosepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 101 (0.99%)
    0 / 100 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Covid-19 Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 101 (0.99%)
    0 / 100 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Placebo Dupilumab 200 mg Q2W
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 101 (17.82%)
    13 / 100 (13.00%)
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 101 (13.86%)
    9 / 100 (9.00%)
         occurrences all number
    17
    11
    Infections and infestations
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 101 (6.93%)
    4 / 100 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    4

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    17 Sep 2020
    Decision to perform the polysomnography (PSG) assessments in the substudy at participant’s home using Type II PSG devices instead of on-site overnight assessments as initially planned. This decision was taken considering that the participants' safety was of outmost importance in the context of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with unpredictable evolution. In addition, an updated version of the sleep disturbance questionnaire had been implemented based on participant feedback to improve its understanding. Further updates had been done in AESI listing and Benefit/Risk assessment chapter based on the new SAR231893 Investigator's Brochure dated 19-Jun-2020.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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