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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Phase 3 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of canakinumab on cytokine release syndrome in patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia (CAN-COVID)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2020-001370-30
    Trial protocol
    DE   GB   FR   ES   HU   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    22 Dec 2020

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    15 Aug 2021
    First version publication date
    15 Aug 2021
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CACZ885D2310
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT04362813
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Novartis Pharmaceuticals
    Sponsor organisation address
    CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland,
    Public contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111, novartis.email@novartis.com
    Scientific contact
    Study Director, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, 1 862 7788300, novartis.email@novartis.com
    Sponsor organisation name
    Novartis Pharma AG
    Sponsor organisation address
    CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland,
    Public contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis PPharma AG, 41 613241111, novartis.email@novartis.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 Feb 2021
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    22 Dec 2020
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The main objective of this trial was to demonstrate the benefit of canakinumab + SOC in increasing chance of survival without ever requiring invasive mechanical ventilation among patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia and CRS
    Protection of trial subjects
    This study was in compliance with the ethical principles derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. All the local regulatory requirements pertinent to safety of trial subjects were also followed during the conduct of the trial.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    30 Apr 2020
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 153
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 34
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 253
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    454
    EEA total number of subjects
    37
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    304
    From 65 to 84 years
    142
    85 years and over
    8

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Participants took part at 39 investigative sites in 6 countries. While patient flow shows 454 participants enrolled, only 451 randomized. 3 were “mis-randomized” i.e. assigned a randomization number in error and not treated.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Participants were screened within 24 hours prior to enrollment.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor
    Blinding implementation details
    This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Participants, all site staff (including study investigator and study nurse), persons performing the assessments, and clinical trial team remained blinded to the identity of the treatment from the time of randomization until database lock for the primary analysis.

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Canakinumab
    Arm description
    Canakinumab 450 mg for body weight 40-<60 kg, 600 mg for 60-80 kg or 750 mg for >80 kg in 250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    I.V. infusion
    Investigational medicinal product code
    ACZ885
    Other name
    canakinumab
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Canakinumab (450 mg for body weight of 40-<60 kg, 600 mg for 60-80 kg or 750 mg for >80 kg) versus placebo in 250mL of 5% dextrose administered by intravenous infusion over 2 hours.

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Placebo
    Other name
    Dextrose
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    I.V. infusion

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Started
    227
    227
    Safety set
    225
    223
    Completed
    209
    202
    Not completed
    18
    25
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    12
    16
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    3
    1
         Enrolled but did not receive treatment
    2
    4
         Lost to follow-up
    1
    1
         Protocol deviation
    -
    3

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Canakinumab
    Reporting group description
    Canakinumab 450 mg for body weight 40-<60 kg, 600 mg for 60-80 kg or 750 mg for >80 kg in 250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.

    Reporting group values
    Canakinumab Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    227 227 454
    Age Categorical
    Units:
        < 18 years
    0 0 0
        Between 18 and 64 years
    149 155 304
        >=65 years
    78 72 150
    Age Continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    58.5 ( 14.55 ) 57.8 ( 13.89 ) -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units:
        Female
    92 95 187
        Male
    135 132 267
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    3 8 11
        Asian
    10 9 19
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    1 5 6
        Black or African American
    35 37 72
        White
    159 156 315
        More than one race
    0 0 0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    19 12 31

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Canakinumab
    Reporting group description
    Canakinumab 450 mg for body weight 40-<60 kg, 600 mg for 60-80 kg or 750 mg for >80 kg in 250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.

    Primary: Participants who survived without requiring invasive mechanical ventilation from Day 3 to Day 29, Primary analysis

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    End point title
    Participants who survived without requiring invasive mechanical ventilation from Day 3 to Day 29, Primary analysis
    End point description
    Number of responders who survived without requiring invasive mechanical ventilation from Day 3 to Day 29. An early dropout without requiring invasive mechanical ventilation is considered as a responder if discharged from hospital with 9-point ordinal scale<=1 or with last 9-point ordinal scale on/after Day 15 better than baseline.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Day 3 to Day 29
    End point values
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    223
    223
    Units: participants
    198
    191
    Statistical analysis title
    Responders who survived without ventilation
    Statistical analysis description
    Odds ratio is based on a Logistic regression model adjusted by treatment, region (North America vs Europe), and baseline 9-point ordinal scale (<=4, >=5).
    Comparison groups
    Canakinumab v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    446
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.2874
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.39
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.76
         upper limit
    2.54

    Secondary: COVID-19-related death after study treatment

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    End point title
    COVID-19-related death after study treatment
    End point description
    Participants with COVID-19 related (as assessed by investigator) death up to Day 29
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    29 days
    End point values
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    223
    222
    Units: participants
    11
    16
    Statistical analysis title
    Participants with COVID-19 related death
    Statistical analysis description
    Odds ratio is based on a Logistic regression model adjusted by treatment, region (North America vs Europe), and baseline 9-point ordinal scale (<=4, >=5)
    Comparison groups
    Canakinumab v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    445
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.3303
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    0.67
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.3
         upper limit
    1.5

    Secondary: Geometric Mean Ratio to baseline in the C-reactive protein (CRP)

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    End point title
    Geometric Mean Ratio to baseline in the C-reactive protein (CRP)
    End point description
    Measurement of C Reactive Protein (mg/L), Serum Or Plasma over time. The level of C-reactive protein (CRP), which can be measured in the blood, increases when there's inflammation in the body. Lower values of ratio to baseline in the CRP indicates less inflammation. The ratio to baseline at each time point (day) for each patient is calculated as the level of a specific biomarker at the time point divided by the baseline level of the biomarker, where baseline is the last non-missing value before study treatment. The geometric mean of ratio to baseline at each time point for each treatment group is calculated by first averaging the logarithms of the ratios to baseline and then take the exponential function of the same base.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Over time and up to day 29: Baseline, Day 2, Day 3, Day 5, Day 7, Day 9, Day 11, Day 13, Day 15, Day 17, Day 19, Day 21, Day 23, Day 25, Day 27 and Day 29.
    End point values
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    227
    227
    Units: ratio
    geometric mean (confidence interval 95%)
        Day 2
    0.726 (0.671 to 0.786)
    0.785 (0.722 to 0.853)
        Day 3
    0.479 (0.430 to 0.534)
    0.649 (0.578 to 0.729)
        Day 5
    0.255 (0.222 to 0.292)
    0.384 (0.325 to 0.454)
        Day 7
    0.160 (0.129 to 0.198)
    0.238 (0.195 to 0.290)
        Day 9
    0.131 (0.101 to 0.171)
    0.159 (0.126 to 0.201)
        Day 11
    0.099 (0.073 to 0.133)
    0.133 (0.096 to 0.185)
        Day 13
    0.108 (0.072 to 0.162)
    0.141 (0.087 to 0.228)
        Day 15
    0.133 (0.086 to 0.205)
    0.149 (0.088 to 0.252)
        Day 17
    0.123 (0.069 to 0.220)
    0.289 (0.189 to 0.441)
        Day 19
    0.123 (0.059 to 0.255)
    0.368 (0.227 to 0.598)
        Day 21
    0.115 (0.053 to 0.247)
    0.296 (0.164 to 0.533)
        Day 23
    0.106 (0.036 to 0.311)
    0.400 (0.201 to 0.796)
        Day 25
    0.126 (0.024 to 0.633)
    0.368 (0.160 to 0.846)
        Day 27
    0.175 (0.041 to 0.743)
    0.331 (0.152 to 0.720)
        Day 29
    0.240 (0.052 to 1.106)
    0.258 (0.121 to 0.551)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Geometric Mean Ratio to baseline in the D-dimer

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    End point title
    Geometric Mean Ratio to baseline in the D-dimer
    End point description
    Clinical chemistry measurement D-Dimer (mg/L FEU), Blood in a blood sample over time D-dimer is one of the protein fragments produced when a blood clot gets dissolved in the body. The ratio to baseline at each time point (day) for each patient is calculated as the level of a specific biomarker at the time point divided by the baseline level of the biomarker, where baseline is the last non-missing value before study treatment. The geometric mean of ratio to baseline at each time point for each treatment group is calculated by first averaging the logarithms of the ratios to baseline and then take the exponential function of the same base.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Over time and up to day 29: Baseline, Day 2, Day 3, Day 5, Day 7, Day 9, Day 11, Day 13, Day 15, Day 17, Day 19, Day 21, Day 23, Day 25, Day 27 and Day 29.
    End point values
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    227
    227
    Units: ratio
    geometric mean (confidence interval 95%)
        Day 2
    1.032 (0.910 to 1.170)
    1.028 (0.948 to 1.114)
        Day 3
    0.992 (0.866 to 1.135)
    1.188 (1.004 to 1.242)
        Day 5
    1.094 (0.971 to 1.233)
    1.188 (1.061 to 1.330)
        Day 7
    1.038 (0.851 to 1.267)
    1.244 (1.088 to 1.422)
        Day 9
    1.164 (0.961 to 1.410)
    1.184 (1.003 to 1.422)
        Day 11
    1.162 (0.929 to 1.453)
    1.115 (0.896 to 1.388)
        Day 13
    1.135 (0.891 to 1.447)
    1.184 (0.927 to 1.513)
        Day 15
    1.100 (0.800 to 1.514)
    1.078 (0.862 to 1.349)
        Day 17
    1.033 (0.698 to 1.528)
    1.384 (1.041 to 1.838)
        Day 19
    1.520 (0.853 to 2.711)
    1.446 (1.005 to 2.081)
        Day 21
    1.431 (0.770 to 2.659)
    1.443 (0.958 to 2.172)
        Day 23
    1.208 (0.495 to 2.950)
    1.521 (1.093 to 2.118)
        Day 25
    2.670 (0.362 to 3.891)
    1.808 (0.969 to 3.371)
        Day 27
    1.785 (0.644 to 4.949)
    2.262 (1.008 to 5.075)
        Day 29
    1.818 (0.627 to 5.270)
    2.441 (0.912 to 6.534)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Geometric Mean Ratio to baseline in Ferritin

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    End point title
    Geometric Mean Ratio to baseline in Ferritin
    End point description
    Clinical chemistry measurement for amount of ferritin (ug/L) in Serum. The ratio to baseline at each time point (day) for each patient is calculated as the level of a specific biomarker at the time point divided by the baseline level of the biomarker, where baseline is the last non-missing value before study treatment. The geometric mean of ratio to baseline at each time point for each treatment group is calculated by first averaging the logarithms of the ratios to baseline and then take the exponential function of the same base.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Over time and up to day 29: Baseline, Day 2, Day 3, Day 5, Day 7, Day 9, Day 11, Day 13, Day 15, Day 17, Day 19, Day 21, Day 23, Day 25, Day 27 and Day 29.
    End point values
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    227
    227
    Units: ratio
    geometric mean (confidence interval 95%)
        Day 2
    0.996 (0.953 to 1.040)
    1.014 (0.972 to 1.058)
        Day 3
    0.921 (0.870 to 0.976)
    1.014 (0.954 to 1.077)
        Day 5
    0.825 (0.765 to 0.889)
    0.879 (0.810 to 0.953)
        Day 7
    0.761 (0.701 to 0.826)
    0.815 (0.742 to 0.896)
        Day 9
    0.676 (0.609 to 0.751)
    0.764 (0.679 to 0.859)
        Day 11
    0.618 (0.548 to 0.698)
    0.735 (0.637 to 0.849)
        Day 13
    0.582 (0.501 to 0.675)
    0.684 (0.563 to 0.830)
        Day 15
    0.535 (0.448 to 0.638)
    0.618 (0.510 to 0.750)
        Day 17
    0.534 (0.449 to 0.634)
    0.641 (0.495 to 0.832)
        Day 19
    0.545 (0.420 to 0.707)
    0.644 (0.464 to 0.893)
        Day 21
    0.514 (0.377 to 0.700)
    0.644 (0.439 to 0.944)
        Day 23
    0.469 (0.294 to 0.749)
    0.692 (0.432 to 1.109)
        Day 25
    0.542 (0.310 to 0.945)
    0.745 (0.524 to 1.059)
        Day 27
    0.490 (0.299 to 0.802)
    0.809 (0.480 to 1.363)
        Day 29
    0.543 (0.212 to 1.393)
    0.517 (0.298 to 0.896)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants with treatment emergent adverse events

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    End point title
    Number of participants with treatment emergent adverse events
    End point description
    Number of participants with treatment emergent adverse events, including changes from baseline in vital signs and laboratory results qualifying and reported as adverse events. Safety was monitored from the canakinumab or placebo dose (Day 1) up to 126 days post-dose (Day 127).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to day 127
    End point values
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    225
    223
    Units: participants
    141
    140
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were collected from first dose of study treatment until end of study at day 127
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Adverse Events (AEs) are any untoward sign or symptom that occurs during the study treatment. Adverse events and all-cause mortality are evaluated in the Safety Set that includes all participants who received at least one dose of double-blind treatment.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    23.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Canakinumab
    Reporting group description
    Canakinumab 450 mg for body weight 40-<60 kg, 600 mg for 60-80 kg or 750 mg for >80 kg in 250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    250 mL of 5% dextrose infused IV over 2 hours. Single dose on Day 1.

    Serious adverse events
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    47 / 225 (20.89%)
    53 / 223 (23.77%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    22
    26
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Acute myeloid leukaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lung neoplasm malignant
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metastases to liver
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Haemodynamic instability
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Jugular vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peripheral artery occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peripheral ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peripheral vascular disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sudden death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Immune system disorders
    Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Prostatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute lung injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute respiratory distress syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 225 (2.67%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 225 (5.33%)
    13 / 223 (5.83%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atelectasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemoptysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypoxia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    4 / 223 (1.79%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumomediastinum
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia aspiration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 225 (3.56%)
    8 / 223 (3.59%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Bipolar disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mental status changes
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Wound necrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arrhythmia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiopulmonary failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulseless electrical activity
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cerebral ischaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Seizure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood loss anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coagulopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Leukocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oesophageal motility disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Small intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 225 (1.33%)
    7 / 223 (3.14%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic kidney disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthritis reactive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Flank pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteonecrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Abscess limb
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Antibiotic associated colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bacterial sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    COVID-19 pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Candida infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diverticulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Enterococcal bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Enterocolitis viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Escherichia sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Klebsiella infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 225 (0.89%)
    3 / 223 (1.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia bacterial
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia escherichia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia fungal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 225 (0.44%)
    0 / 223 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia haemophilus
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia pseudomonal
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia staphylococcal
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 225 (1.33%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Septic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 225 (1.33%)
    5 / 223 (2.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Staphylococcal bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    2 / 223 (0.90%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 225 (0.00%)
    1 / 223 (0.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Canakinumab Placebo
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 225 (6.67%)
    19 / 223 (8.52%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 225 (5.33%)
    10 / 223 (4.48%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 225 (2.67%)
    12 / 223 (5.38%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    01 Jun 2020
    1- A clarification on source data verification approaches was included to align with the EMA Guidance on the Management Of Clinical Trials During The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Pandemic (Version 3, 28APR20); 2- As requested by FDA, inclusion criteria 2 was updated to allow patients ≥ 12 years of age to be included in the trial in the US only (However, no children were ever enrolled. This was an adult trial); 3- Other minor points were also updated or corrected to further optimize the clinical trial protocol.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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