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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Double-blind, Randomized, Multicenter, Multiple-dose, 2-arm, Parallel-group Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Immunogenicity of FKS518 - Proposed Biosimilar to Denosumab with Prolia® in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis (LUMIADE-3 Study)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2020-004422-31
    Trial protocol
    HU   BG   EE   CZ  
    Global end of trial date
    07 Aug 2023

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    22 Aug 2024
    First version publication date
    22 Aug 2024
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    FKS518-002
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT04934072
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Fresenius Kabi SwissBioSim GmbH (FKSBS)
    Sponsor organisation address
    Terre Bonne Business Park, Route de Crassier 23 – Bâtiment A3, Switzerland, CH – 1262 Eysins
    Public contact
    Clinical Development, Fresenius Kabi SwissBioSim GmbH, +41 793075735, medinfo_biosim@fresenius-kabi.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Development, Fresenius Kabi SwissBioSim GmbH, +41 793075735, medinfo_biosim@fresenius-kabi.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    07 Aug 2023
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    07 Aug 2023
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To demonstrate equivalent efficacy and pharmacodynamics (PD) of the proposed biosimilar denosumab FKS518 to US- licensed Prolia (US-Prolia, Amgen) in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO).
    Protection of trial subjects
    Before initiating a study and enrolling any patient, the Investigator/institution obtained written and dated approval/favorable opinion from the Independent Ethics Committees (IECs) for the clinical study protocol/amendment(s), informed consent form (ICF) and any subsequent ICF updates, and any written information to be provided to participants.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    16 Jun 2021
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 280
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 81
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czechia: 50
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Estonia: 25
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 45
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Georgia: 72
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    553
    EEA total number of subjects
    481
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    254
    From 65 to 84 years
    298
    85 years and over
    1

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    A total of 553 participants were randomised in the study at 64 centers across 6 countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, and Poland) between June 2021 and January 2022.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    The study included a Screening Period of maximum 28 days prior to first drug (FKS518 and US-Prolia) administration, a double-blind Core Treatment Period up to Week 52, and a double-blind single Transition Period from Week 52 up to Week 78, with administration of the study drug on Day 1, Week 26, and Week 52.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Core Treatment Period
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Investigator, Subject

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Core Treatment Period FKS518
    Arm description
    Participants received FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52).
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    FKS518
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Proposed denosumab biosimilar
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    FKS518 60 mg, subcutaneously.

    Arm title
    Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Arm description
    Participants received US-Prolia 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52).
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    US-Prolia
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Denosumab
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    US-Prolia 60 mg, subcutaneously.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Started
    277
    276
    Completed
    252
    249
    Not completed
    25
    27
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    17
    22
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
    3
         Discontinued Treatment Prior to Week 52
    4
    1
         Not Specified
    3
    1
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Transition Period (TP)
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP)
    Arm description
    Participants treated with FKS518 during Core Treatment Period received FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period (Week 52 to Week 78).
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    FKS518
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Proposed denosumab biosimilar
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    FKS518 60 mg, subcutaneously.

    Arm title
    Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP)
    Arm description
    Participants treated with US-Prolia during Core Treatment Period were re-randomised to receive FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period (Week 52 to Week 78).
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    FKS518
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Proposed Biosimilar to Denosumab
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    FKS518 60 mg, subcutaneously.

    Arm title
    Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Arm description
    Participants treated with US-Prolia during Core Treatment period were re-randomised to receive US-Prolia 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period (Week 52 to Week 78).
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    US-Prolia
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Denosumab
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    US-Prolia 60 mg, subcutaneously.

    Number of subjects in period 2
    Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP) Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP) Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Started
    252
    124
    125
    Completed
    245
    122
    122
    Not completed
    7
    2
    3
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    6
    1
    2
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    -
    1
    1
         Not Specified
    1
    -
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Core Treatment Period FKS518
    Reporting group description
    Participants received FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52).

    Reporting group title
    Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Reporting group description
    Participants received US-Prolia 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52).

    Reporting group values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia Total
    Number of subjects
    277 276 553
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    65.2 ( 6.44 ) 65.8 ( 6.47 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    277 276 553
        Male
    0 0 0
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        White
    277 276 553
    Lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD) by dual energy Xray absorptiometry (DXA)
    Units: g/cm2
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    0.7872 ( 0.06381 ) 0.7929 ( 0.05962 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Core Treatment Period FKS518
    Reporting group description
    Participants received FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52).

    Reporting group title
    Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Reporting group description
    Participants received US-Prolia 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52).
    Reporting group title
    Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP)
    Reporting group description
    Participants treated with FKS518 during Core Treatment Period received FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period (Week 52 to Week 78).

    Reporting group title
    Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP)
    Reporting group description
    Participants treated with US-Prolia during Core Treatment Period were re-randomised to receive FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period (Week 52 to Week 78).

    Reporting group title
    Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Reporting group description
    Participants treated with US-Prolia during Core Treatment period were re-randomised to receive US-Prolia 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period (Week 52 to Week 78).

    Primary: Percentage Change From Baseline in LS-BMD by DXA

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    End point title
    Percentage Change From Baseline in LS-BMD by DXA
    End point description
    Bone density was measured at the lumbar spine from L1 through L4. Decreased BMD is associated with risk of fracture. Intention-to-Treat (ITT) Analysis Set: The ITT Analysis Set included all randomised participants. Participants were analysed according to their randomised treatment.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 52
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    Units: Percentage Change
        least squares mean (standard error)
    5.74 ( 0.315 )
    5.07 ( 0.321 )
    Statistical analysis title
    FKS518 and US-Prolia
    Statistical analysis description
    FKS518 was considered equivalent to US-Prolia if the 95% CI for the difference in mean percent change from baseline to Week 52 in LS-BMD laid entirely within the equivalence interval of [-1.45%; 1.45%].
    Comparison groups
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 v Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    553
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [1]
    Method
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    0.66
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.04
         upper limit
    1.29
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    0.317
    Notes
    [1] - Difference : FKS518 - US-Prolia

    Primary: Area Under the Effect Curve (AUEC) of Serum C-terminal Cross-linking Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX)

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    End point title
    Area Under the Effect Curve (AUEC) of Serum C-terminal Cross-linking Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX)
    End point description
    Area under the effect curve for the (untransformed) biomarker concentrations from Baseline up to Week 26. Any possible rebound effect where biomarker concentrations rose above baseline was not taken into account, and only the area below baseline was considered in this parameter. ITT Analysis Set: The ITT Analysis Set included all randomised participants. Participants were analysed according to their randomised treatment.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Week 26
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    Units: ng*h/L
        geometric mean (confidence interval 95%)
    1895 (1849 to 1941)
    1875 (1828 to 1923)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison of FKS518 and US-Prolia
    Statistical analysis description
    FKS518 was considered equivalent to US-Prolia on CTX if the 95% Confidence Interval for the ratio of means of AUEC up to Week 26 laid entirely within the equivalence interval of [0.89; 1.12].
    Comparison groups
    Core Treatment Period US-Prolia v Core Treatment Period FKS518
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    553
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [2]
    Method
    Parameter type
    ratio of geometric LSM
    Point estimate
    1.01
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.99
         upper limit
    1.04
    Notes
    [2] - Ratio of FKS518 / US Prolia

    Secondary: Percentage Change From Baseline in BMD at Femoral Neck and Total Hip by DXA

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    End point title
    Percentage Change From Baseline in BMD at Femoral Neck and Total Hip by DXA
    End point description
    The proximal femur (inclusive of femoral neck and total hip) DXA scans were obtained from the left side when possible. If the right side had to be used (e.g., due to implants) or was inadvertently used at Baseline, then it had to be used consistently throughout the study. Data reported are for one half of the body only. ITT Analysis Set: The ITT Analysis Set included all randomised participants. Participants were analysed according to their randomised treatment.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 52
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    Units: Percentage change
    least squares mean (standard error)
        BMD at Femoral Neck at Week 52
    2.07 ( 0.284 )
    1.85 ( 0.291 )
        BMD at Total Hip at Week 52
    2.97 ( 0.217 )
    2.88 ( 0.223 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage Change From Baseline in Serum Procollagen Type 1 N-terminal Propeptide (P1NP)

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    End point title
    Percentage Change From Baseline in Serum Procollagen Type 1 N-terminal Propeptide (P1NP)
    End point description
    P1NP is a bone biomarker. Serum samples were collected for analysis of P1NP to evaluate bone formation (P1NP) in response to treatment with FKS518 and US-Prolia. A decrease in the serum levels of P1NP is expected following treatment and is suggestive of improvement. Pharmacodynamic (PD) Analysis Set: All participants who received at least 1 dose of investigational product, had a quantifiable baseline PD marker concentration, and enough samples not impacted by protocol deviations to calculate the PD parameter. Only participants with available data are included.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 52 pre dose
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Number of subjects analysed
    236
    237
    Units: Percentage change
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -65.27 ( 2.491 )
    -63.25 ( 2.536 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage Change From Baseline in Serum C-terminal Cross-linking Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX)

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    End point title
    Percentage Change From Baseline in Serum C-terminal Cross-linking Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX)
    End point description
    Serum CTX is a bone biomarker. Serum samples were collected for analysis of CTX to evaluate bone resorption in response to treatment with FKS518 or US-Prolia. A decrease in the serum levels of CTX is expected following treatment with FKS518 and is suggestive of improvement. PD Analysis Set: All participants who received at least 1 dose of investigational product, had a quantifiable baseline PD marker concentration, and enough samples not impacted by protocol deviations to calculate the PD parameter. Only participants with available data are included.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline and Week 52 pre dose
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia
    Number of subjects analysed
    236
    235
    Units: Percentage change
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -68.16 ( 4.241 )
    -64.47 ( 4.330 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants Who Experienced a Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE)

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    End point title
    Number of Participants Who Experienced a Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE)
    End point description
    Treatment-emergence was defined as AEs that began or increased in severity or frequency on or after the date of first administration of IP in a given treatment Period (Core or Transition) up to the Early Termination/End of Study Visit. Safety Analysis Set (SAS): The SAS included all participants who received at least 1 dose of IP. The Transition Period Safety Analysis Set (TP-SAS) included all participants who received at least 1 dose of IP during the course of the TP. Participants were analysed according to the actual treatment they received.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to Week 78
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP) Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP) Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    252
    124
    125
    Units: Number of Participants
    185
    189
    106
    58
    47
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants Who Experienced a Treatment-Emergent Serious Adverse Event (TESAE)

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    End point title
    Number of Participants Who Experienced a Treatment-Emergent Serious Adverse Event (TESAE)
    End point description
    Treatment-emergence was defined as SAEs that began or increased in severity or frequency on or after the date of first administration of IP up to the Early Termination/End of Study Visit. SAS: SAS included all participants who received at least 1 dose of IP. Participants were analysed according to the actual treatment they received.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to Week 78
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP) Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP) Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    252
    124
    125
    Units: Count of Participants
    43
    50
    8
    6
    6
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants Who Experienced a Treatment-emergent Adverse Event of Special Interest (AESI)

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    End point title
    Number of Participants Who Experienced a Treatment-emergent Adverse Event of Special Interest (AESI)
    End point description
    A Treatment-emergent AESI is defined as drug-related hypersensitivity/allergic reactions (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] Grade ≥3 or reported as serious adverse events [SAEs]) and AEs leading to IP discontinuation or study withdrawal. SAS: SAS included all participants who received at least 1 dose of IP. Participants were analysed according to the actual treatment they received.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to Week 78
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP) Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP) Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    252
    124
    125
    Units: Count of Participants
    0
    7
    0
    1
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants Who Experienced an Injection Site Reaction (ISR)

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    End point title
    Number of Participants Who Experienced an Injection Site Reaction (ISR)
    End point description
    Local tolerability in terms of ISRs was assessed by inspection of the skin and appendages in proximity to the site of administration. The injection site was the abdomen, and the IP was injected slowly. This local tolerability assessment was performed by the Investigator or designee to determine the presence of e.g., erythema, rash, tenderness, swelling, itching, bruising, pain, extravasation, phlebitis, or other types of reaction. The Investigator was also requested to ask participants during assessment about any such reactions that may have occurred since last assessment. SAS: The SAS included all participants who received at least 1 dose of IP. Participants were analysed according to the actual treatment they received.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 to Week 78
    End point values
    Core Treatment Period FKS518 Core Treatment Period US-Prolia Transition Period: FKS518 (was on FKS518 in CTP) Transition Period: FKS518 (switched from US -Prolia in CTP) Transition Period: US-Prolia (was on US -Prolia in CTP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    277
    276
    252
    124
    125
    Units: Count of Participants
    1
    2
    1
    0
    1
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Day 1 to Week 78
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    SAS: The SAS included all participants who received at least 1 dose of IP. The TP-SAS included all participants who received at least 1 injection of study drug (FKS518 or US-Prolia) during the course of the Transition Period. Participants were analysed according to the actual treatment they received.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    24.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    FKS518
    Reporting group description
    Participants received FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Day 1 and Week 26 during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52) and were re-randomized to receive FKS518 60 mg subcutaneously on Week 52 during the Transition Period. This Reporting Group is used to report the results of the Overall period (Baseline to Week 78).

    Reporting group title
    Core Treatment Period: US-Prolia; TP: FKS518
    Reporting group description
    Participants who were originally randomised to receive US-Prolia during core treatment period (Baseline to Week 52) were re-randomised to continue to receive an administration of FKS518 subcutaneously; 60 mg on Week 52 during transition treatment period. This Reporting Group is used to report the results of the Overall period (Baseline to Week 78).

    Reporting group title
    US-Prolia
    Reporting group description
    Participants who were originally randomised to receive US-Prolia during the Core Treatment Period (Baseline to Week 52) were re-randomised to receive administration of US-Prolia 60 mg, subcutaneously, on Week 52 during the Transition Period. This Reporting Group is used to report the results of the Overall period (Baseline to Week 78).

    Serious adverse events
    FKS518 Core Treatment Period: US-Prolia; TP: FKS518 US-Prolia
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    50 / 277 (18.05%)
    27 / 124 (21.77%)
    33 / 152 (21.71%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Bladder cancer recurrent
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    1 / 124 (0.81%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bladder neoplasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    1 / 124 (0.81%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bladder transitional cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Glioblastoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lung adenocarcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metastases to lymph nodes
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nasopharyngeal cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Neuroendocrine tumour of the lung metastatic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oral papilloma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ovarian cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Squamous cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Balance disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Loss of consciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Thrombocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vestibular disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Pancreatitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    1 / 124 (0.81%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Hydrometra
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectocele
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Foot deformity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    0 / 152 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Spinal osteoarthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Asymptomatic COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 277 (1.08%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    37 / 277 (13.36%)
    25 / 124 (20.16%)
    22 / 152 (14.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 37
    0 / 25
    0 / 22
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    COVID-19 pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 277 (0.36%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Product issues
    Device dislocation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 277 (0.00%)
    0 / 124 (0.00%)
    1 / 152 (0.66%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    FKS518 Core Treatment Period: US-Prolia; TP: FKS518 US-Prolia
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    117 / 277 (42.24%)
    71 / 124 (57.26%)
    58 / 152 (38.16%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 277 (5.42%)
    5 / 124 (4.03%)
    2 / 152 (1.32%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    5
    2
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 277 (6.50%)
    10 / 124 (8.06%)
    7 / 152 (4.61%)
         occurrences all number
    19
    11
    7
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 277 (6.14%)
    5 / 124 (4.03%)
    5 / 152 (3.29%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    5
    5
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 277 (5.42%)
    9 / 124 (7.26%)
    4 / 152 (2.63%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    11
    4
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 277 (3.61%)
    9 / 124 (7.26%)
    5 / 152 (3.29%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    12
    5
    Infections and infestations
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 277 (4.69%)
    9 / 124 (7.26%)
    2 / 152 (1.32%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    9
    2
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 277 (12.27%)
    33 / 124 (26.61%)
    20 / 152 (13.16%)
         occurrences all number
    45
    42
    25
    Pharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 277 (2.17%)
    7 / 124 (5.65%)
    4 / 152 (2.63%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    8
    5
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    30 / 277 (10.83%)
    20 / 124 (16.13%)
    21 / 152 (13.82%)
         occurrences all number
    43
    26
    25
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 277 (9.03%)
    11 / 124 (8.87%)
    16 / 152 (10.53%)
         occurrences all number
    35
    12
    21

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    08 Mar 2021
    Version 2.0: -The planned number of sites was increased from approximately 50 to approximately 75 sites which could include other regions apart of Europe. -A new exclusion criterion (Exclusion Criterion 31) was added to exclude participants who have received a COVID-19 vaccine within 4 weeks before randomization or if COVID-19 vaccination was ongoing at the time of screening. -Assessment of PD biomarkers at Week 4 and Week 8 was added to elucidate early responses and their maintenance up to the first 3 months after initiation of dosing. - The coagulation panel was removed from the laboratory safety endpoints.
    23 Sep 2021
    Version 5: -AUEC(0-W26) of serum CTX was added as a co-primary endpoint for registration purposes in the EU and the EEA only, following EMA recommendation. This approach implied a change in the definition of the study objectives, where PD was no longer defined as a key secondary objective, and was instead considered a secondary objective, or a co-primary objective for the EMA submission (while remaining a secondary objective for FDA). Percent change in serum CTX was then regarded as a secondary endpoint for both agencies. -Exclusion Criterion #16, referring to the eligibility of patients with medical conditions that could have interfered with the study conduct, interpretation of study data, and/or otherwise could have put the participant at an unacceptable risk, was updated to clarify that participants with rheumatoid arthritis or other medically relevant autoimmune conditions were not eligible for the study. This exclusion was due to the potential risk of exacerbation of preexisting conditions during the long study duration (78 weeks). In addition, the potential usage of protocol prohibited medication in case of a flare could have resulted in protocol deviation and lower compliance. -Footnotes in the Schedules of Assessments were moved and reworded to clarify when a predose sampling was required. -A ±7-day window was added for the DXA scan to be performed at Week 52 (Day 365) and Week 78 (Day 547). -Wording was added to clarify that: ▪ when 2 blood samples were required, the second sample did not need to be in a fasting state; ▪ if the site was asked to re-acquire a DXA scan after analysis by the central imaging vendor, this was also in duplicate; ▪ suitable ancillary care in accordance with local practices was provided to patients with unresolved AE, unless the participants was lost to follow-up: ▪ continuous AEs had to be reported as a single AE with severity changes: the highest severity was to be chosen to document the single AE at the end.
    17 Jan 2023
    Version 6.0: -A Coordinating Investigator was included in the protocol. -One of the changes included in the previous Protocol Amendment 4, to clarify the requirement for fasting state, had not been correctly implemented for the Week 52 samples, and was corrected in the current protocol amendment. -Similarly, one of the changes included in the previous Protocol Amendment 4, allowing the DXA to be performed within ±7 days of the Week 52 and Week 78 study visits, was not stated in all relevant sections of the protocol and this was corrected in the current protocol amendment.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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